Journal of Occupational Accidents最新文献_第2页

Personal and environmental factors in coal mining accidents 煤矿事故中的个人因素和环境因素

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1990-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(90)90023-O

J. Leigh , H.B. Mulder , G.V. Want , N.P. Farnsworth , G.G. Morgan

{"title":"Personal and environmental factors in coal mining accidents","authors":"J. Leigh , H.B. Mulder , G.V. Want , N.P. Farnsworth , G.G. Morgan","doi":"10.1016/0376-6349(90)90023-O","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0376-6349(90)90023-O","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Leigh, J., Mulder, H.B., Want, G.V., Farnsworth, N.P. and Morgan, G.G., 1990. Personal and environmental factors in coal mining accidents. Journal of Occupational Accidents, 13: 233–250.Using data from an existing industry wide accident/incident reporting system, this cross-sectional study describes the 16700 non-fatal lost-time accidental injuries that occurred in the N.S.W. coal mining industry in the 2<math><mtext>1</mtext><mtext>2</mtext></math> year period between 1 July 1986 and 31 December 1988. Annual incidence rates in various exposure groups were as follows: underground mine face workers <math><mtext>638</mtext><mtext>1000</mtext></math>, underground mine non-face workers<math><mtext>411</mtext><mtext>1000</mtext></math>, underground mine surface workers <math><mtext>199</mtext><mtext>1000</mtext></math>, open cut mine workers <math><mtext>164</mtext><mtext>1000</mtext></math>. Distribution of accidents by age, work experience and occupation of the injured employee, nature of the injury, part of the body injured, type of accident causing the injury, activity undertaken at the time of the accident, type of the shift, time into the shift, agency of the accident, agency of the injury, equipment involved in the accident, place of the accident, compensation cost of the injury and number of lost working days are reported. The relative importance of various environmental and personal factors is discussed.</div>","PeriodicalId":100816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Accidents","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 233-250"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-6349(90)90023-O","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78797052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 41

Safety standards, risk analysis and decision making on prevention measures: implications of some recent European legislation and standards 安全标准，风险分析和预防措施的决策:一些最近的欧洲立法和标准的影响

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1990-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(90)90022-N

A.R. Hale, M. de Loor, D. van Drimmelen, G. Huppes

{"title":"Safety standards, risk analysis and decision making on prevention measures: implications of some recent European legislation and standards","authors":"A.R. Hale, M. de Loor, D. van Drimmelen, G. Huppes","doi":"10.1016/0376-6349(90)90022-N","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0376-6349(90)90022-N","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Hale, A.R., de Loor, M., van Drimmelen, D. and Huppes, G., 1990. Safety standards, risk analysis and decision making on prevention measures: implications of some recent European legislation and standards. Journal of Occupational Accidents, 13: 213–231.Legislation on industrial safety in many countries contains several different ways of phrasing its requirements: — either as exposure or risk standards which have to be met; — or as specific requirements to apply specified prevention measures — or as general requirements to put into effect measures belonging to ‘the state of the art’ in so far as those can reasonably be required of the employer or designer.A new approach to European standardisation of machinery safety is in the process of putting forward a standard of good design practice as an umbrella for specific machinery standards, which fits this last approach. In placing a general requirement of good practice on Industry there is an implication that manufacturers and employers should be able to demonstrate that their decisions are based upon sound analysis of risk which they or others have conducted.The paper presents a discussion of the implications of recent European legislation on machinery safety and of the Dutch Working Environment Law on the structuring of such a systematic approach. Emphasis is placed on the use of standards based on “the state of the art” in prevention. The options open for government to facilitate and influence the decision making steps related to risk assessment are also discussed.</div>","PeriodicalId":100816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Accidents","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 213-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-6349(90)90022-N","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82975725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Forthcoming event 即将到来的事件

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1990-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(90)90024-P

引用次数: 0

Comparison of work-related fatality surveillance in the U.S.A. and Australia 美国和澳大利亚与工作有关的死亡监测比较

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1990-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(90)90021-M

Nancy Stout , Michael S. Frommer , James Harrison

{"title":"Comparison of work-related fatality surveillance in the U.S.A. and Australia","authors":"Nancy Stout , Michael S. Frommer , James Harrison","doi":"10.1016/0376-6349(90)90021-M","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0376-6349(90)90021-M","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Stout, N., Frommer, M.S. and Harrison, J.E., 1990. Comparison of work-related fatality surveillance in the U.S.A. and Australia. Journal of Occupational Accidents, 13: 195–211.Recently conducted studies of traumatic work-related fatalities in the U.S.A. and Australia were compared and analyzed in order to identify ways of improving the quality and utility of fatal occupational injury surveillance data at national level. Methodological differences between the two studies are examined, and comparative data are presented. Despite differences in data acquisition methods and in the structure of the labor and work environment, the results of the two studies were remarkably similar. The mean annual rates of fatal injury while working, for persons in the employed civilian labor force during the period 1982–1984, were <math><mtext>5.9</mtext><mtext>100 000</mtext></math> in the U.S.A. and <math><mtext>6.7</mtext><mtext>100 000</mtext></math> in Australia. Because the U.S. data collection method is likely to have underestimated the occurrence of work-related fatalities, the difference between U.S. and Australian rates is probably over-estimated by these figures. The fatality rates for age, sex and employment groups were also similar. Considerations necessary for meaningful comparison of surveillance data from different sources are discussed.</div>","PeriodicalId":100816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Accidents","volume":"13 3","pages":"Pages 195-211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-6349(90)90021-M","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84592789","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Consequences and visions 后果和愿景

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(90)90126-G

Trevor A. Kletz

引用次数: 3

Quality: How to meet customer demands in a process from design to disposal 质量:从设计到处理的过程中如何满足客户的需求

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(90)90134-H

Lars Johnson

引用次数: 3

The need for friendly plants 对友好植物的需求

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(90)90119-G

Trevor A. Kletz

引用次数: 18

Integrated safety 集成的安全

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(90)90131-E

Christian Jochum

{"title":"Integrated safety","authors":"Christian Jochum","doi":"10.1016/0376-6349(90)90131-E","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/0376-6349(90)90131-E","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Safety considerations are an important part of chemical company's corporate culture. It is now widely understood that safety should be integrated in the total life cycle of chemical and biochemical products and processes.Hazards of these products and processes are based on material properties. Therefore they can be identified by scientific methods right at the beginning of product life. The most efficient (and generally most economic!) approach is to choose safe chemicals (or microorganisms) and inherently safe reaction conditions. As far as this cannot be achieved, the risk has to be controlled by safety systems (construction, instrumentation, organization).During the early phase of product life (laboratory, pilot plant) usually the process design changes (e.g., variations in auxilliary materials, reaction conditions). During the whole product life cycle the knowledge of hazards will improve. Therefore systems have to be implemented to monitor these changes and to assess their impact on risk management. These systems must take into account also the “human factors” during design, operation, use and disposal of products and processes.The principles of integrated safety are successfully used since many years by the Hoechst AG. Important structures to implement this system are guidelines, organizational means and training. The responsible managers in R&D and operations as well as in sales and waste disposal get advice and assistance by safety specialists coming from various disciplines.</div>","PeriodicalId":100816,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Occupational Accidents","volume":"13 1","pages":"Pages 139-144"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1990-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0376-6349(90)90131-E","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136851507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Digital switching system EWSD: Operation and maintenance using expert system techniques 数字交换系统EWSD:使用专家系统技术进行操作和维护

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(90)90135-I

Max Sevcik

引用次数: 0

The safety of the rapid transit system in Zürich zrich快速交通系统的安全性

Journal of Occupational Accidents Pub Date : 1990-09-01 DOI: 10.1016/0376-6349(90)90133-G

Peter Zuber

引用次数: 1