IET Blockchain最新文献_第10页

A survey of cyber attacks on blockchain based IoT systems for industry 4.0 工业4.0基于b区块链的物联网系统的网络攻击调查

IET Blockchain Pub Date : 2022-11-19 DOI: 10.1049/blc2.12017

Aarju Dixit, Aditya Trivedi, W. Wilfred Godfrey

引用次数: 0

Bitcoin transactions as a graph 比特币交易的图表

IET Blockchain Pub Date : 2022-09-08 DOI: 10.1049/blc2.12016

Zhensheng Di, Guan Wang, Lili Jia, Zhuoyi Chen

{"title":"Bitcoin transactions as a graph","authors":"Zhensheng Di, Guan Wang, Lili Jia, Zhuoyi Chen","doi":"10.1049/blc2.12016","DOIUrl":"10.1049/blc2.12016","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays, blockchain is an upcoming area for researchers from different research fields. Bitcoin, as the first successful cryptocurrency, has accumulated numerous data after its existence. Here, the Bitcoin transaction graph from a graph theory perspective is investigated with more available data given now. This paper mainly focuses on the transaction graph and provides researchers with both practical and theoretical sides of the data. Several existent measurements and some newer ones are first computed and analysed. These measurements help to interpret the transaction graph more extensively. A new modified Buckley–Osthus random graph model is proposed, and a simulation of the Chung–Lu model is attempted to represent the Bitcoin transaction network. Some suggestions are given to improve the modified Buckley–Osthus model and point out the pros and cons of these random graph models. Moreover, the experiments show that scale-free networks are fundamentally not a good model for Bitcoin transaction networks considering all the data, but the mechanics of preferential attachment is crucial. How to proceed with Bitcoin transaction graph theory from both theoretical and experimental perspectives for future studies is also discussed and analysed.","PeriodicalId":100650,"journal":{"name":"IET Blockchain","volume":"2 3-4","pages":"57-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/blc2.12016","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75220088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Front cover: Bitcoin address clustering method based on multiple heuristic conditions 封面基于多种启发式条件的比特币地址聚类方法

IET Blockchain Pub Date : 2022-06-22 DOI: 10.1049/blc2.12015

引用次数: 0

Bitcoin address clustering method based on multiple heuristic conditions 基于多启发式条件的比特币地址聚类方法

IET Blockchain Pub Date : 2022-05-31 DOI: 10.1049/blc2.12014

Xi He, Ketai He, Shenwen Lin, Jinglin Yang, Hongliang Mao

引用次数: 3

Mixing detection on Bitcoin transactions using statistical patterns 使用统计模式对比特币交易进行混合检测

IET Blockchain Pub Date : 2022-04-05 DOI: 10.48550/arXiv.2204.02019

Ardeshir Shojaeenasab, Amir Pasha Motamed, B. Bahrak

{"title":"Mixing detection on Bitcoin transactions using statistical patterns","authors":"Ardeshir Shojaeenasab, Amir Pasha Motamed, B. Bahrak","doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2204.02019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2204.02019","url":null,"abstract":"Cryptocurrencies, particularly Bitcoin, have garnered attention for their potential in anonymous transactions. However, their anonymity has often been compromised by deanonymization attacks. To counter this, mixing services have been introduced. While they enhance privacy, they obscure fund traceability. This study seeks to demystify transactions linked to these services, shedding light on pathways of concealed and laundered money. We propose a method to identify and classify transactions and addresses of major mixing services in Bitcoin. Unlike previous research focusing on older techniques like CoinJoin, we emphasize modern mixing services. We gathered labelled data by transacting with three prominent mixers (MixTum, Blemder, and CryptoMixer) and identified recurring patterns. Using these patterns, an algorithm was created to pinpoint mixing transactions and distinguish mixer‐related addresses.The algorithm achieved a remarkable recall rate of 100%. Given the lack of clear ground truth and the vast number of unlabelled transactions, ensuring accuracy was a challenge. However, by analyzing a set of non‐mixing transactions with our model, it was confirmed that the high recall rate was not misleading. This work provides a significant advancement in monitoring mixing transactions, presenting a valuable tool against fraud and money laundering in cryptocurrency networks.","PeriodicalId":100650,"journal":{"name":"IET Blockchain","volume":"20 1","pages":"136-148"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86823761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Distributed fusion cross-chain model and architecture 分布式融合跨链模型和体系结构

IET Blockchain Pub Date : 2022-03-17 DOI: 10.1049/blc2.12013

Guozheng Yang, Cheng Zang, Jiajun Chen, Dongsheng Guo, Jingzhi Zhang

引用次数: 2

GPU accelerated blockchain over key-value database transactions GPU通过键值数据库事务加速区块链

IET Blockchain Pub Date : 2022-03-04 DOI: 10.1049/blc2.12011

Konstantinos Iliakis, Konstantina Koliogeorgi, Antonios Litke, Theodora Varvarigou, Dimitrios Soudris

{"title":"GPU accelerated blockchain over key-value database transactions","authors":"Konstantinos Iliakis, Konstantina Koliogeorgi, Antonios Litke, Theodora Varvarigou, Dimitrios Soudris","doi":"10.1049/blc2.12011","DOIUrl":"10.1049/blc2.12011","url":null,"abstract":"Blockchain is a distributed ledger based on peer-to-peer networks, originally used for crypto-currency systems. Blockchains are being used as an enabling technology for decentralised applications in the areas of Internet-of-Things, finance, supply-chain and others. Consistency, data privacy, performance, and energy efficiency are of paramount importance in such applications. The full nodes of public, permissionless blockchains undertake the task of verifying the transactions generated by the network. Full nodes perform operations such as confirming balances, transactions, and history, i.e. mostly database search queries. Consequently, their throughput is crucial for the performance of blockchain systems. In this work, the benefits of accelerating the blockchain search and insert queries by leveraging GPU platforms are studied. An extensive comparison between the most dominant utilized database is provided, i.e. LevelDB, and MegaKV, a high-performance GPU-accelerated database. Realistic operations that take place in blockchain systems are emulated and evaluated over representative scenarios, showing three orders of magnitude gains in throughput and energy efficiency without compromising the security aspect. The extensive comparison between LevelDB and MegaKV indicates that GPU acceleration is an effective solution for runtime and energy efficiency enhancement of blockchain systems, and the integration of the two technologies is a promising field of research.","PeriodicalId":100650,"journal":{"name":"IET Blockchain","volume":"2 1","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/blc2.12011","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89365899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Sharing medical data using a blockchain-based secure EHR system for New Zealand 在新西兰使用基于区块链的安全电子病历系统共享医疗数据

IET Blockchain Pub Date : 2022-03-02 DOI: 10.1049/blc2.12012

Jack Huang, Yuan Wei Qi, Muhammad Rizwan Asghar, Andrew Meads, Yu-Cheng Tu

{"title":"Sharing medical data using a blockchain-based secure EHR system for New Zealand","authors":"Jack Huang, Yuan Wei Qi, Muhammad Rizwan Asghar, Andrew Meads, Yu-Cheng Tu","doi":"10.1049/blc2.12012","DOIUrl":"10.1049/blc2.12012","url":null,"abstract":"In New Zealand, the demand for healthcare services has grown gradually in the last decade, and it is likely to increase further. This had led to issues such as increasing treatment costs and processing time for the patients. To address the growing pressure in the healthcare sector, and its fragmented IT landscape that compounds the problems further, the New Zealand Ministry of Health aims to establish a shared Electronic Health Record (EHR) system that integrates all the major healthcare organisations such as hospitals, medical centres, and specialists. Due to its characteristics, blockchain technology could be a potential platform for building such large-scale health systems. Here, MedBloc, a blockchain-based secure EHR system that enables patients and healthcare providers to access and share health records while providing usability, security, and privacy is presented. MedBloc captures a longitudinal view of the patients’ health story and empowers the patients to regulate their own data by allowing them to give or withdraw consent for healthcare providers to access their records. To preserve the patients’ privacy and protect their health data, MedBloc uses an encryption scheme to secure records and smart contracts to enforce access control to prevent unauthorised access.","PeriodicalId":100650,"journal":{"name":"IET Blockchain","volume":"2 1","pages":"13-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/blc2.12012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88618701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Blockchain-based indoor location paging and answering service with truncated-geo-indistinguishability 基于区块链的室内位置寻呼和应答服务，具有截断地理不可区分性

IET Blockchain Pub Date : 2021-10-16 DOI: 10.1049/blc2.12010

Changxin Yang, Xuan Ju, Erwu Liu, Yuanzhe Geng, Rui Wang

{"title":"Blockchain-based indoor location paging and answering service with truncated-geo-indistinguishability","authors":"Changxin Yang, Xuan Ju, Erwu Liu, Yuanzhe Geng, Rui Wang","doi":"10.1049/blc2.12010","DOIUrl":"10.1049/blc2.12010","url":null,"abstract":"Indoor location-based services have numerous applications built on indoor navigation. Over the years, researchers have proposed various indoor navigation methods to find a certain point of interest. This paper proposes location paging and answering service (LPAS) for finding out someone in an indoor environment . However, it may face serious problems of privacy disclosure of the clients' indoor location data . To ensure security, privacy and convenience, the authors leverage blockchain to model the indoor environment, and build blockchain-based indoor LPAS (BILPAS) on blockchain by embedding our three-way-handshake Diffie–Hellman Key Agreement procedures. Our BILPAS can automatically establish a secure and privacy communication tunnel between any two users, thus greatly liberating participants from unnecessary self-determining interactions . On the premise that the certain person can also be found, the authors introduce Truncated-Geo-Indistinguishability (TGeoI) to perturb the actual location within a limited, valid, user-defined distance, thereby allowing users to obtain reasonable location privacy. The authors have put a strong emphasis in the formal treatment of the reasonable privacy guarantees, giving a rigorous definition of TGeoI and providing a comparison with Geo-Indistinguishability that the authors' method satisfies such property. Then, the authors present the BILPAS prototype and implement it on Hyperledger Fabric. Finally, the authors conduct the security and privacy analysis and evaluate the time performance. The experiment results validate the reasonable privacy, high security and convenience of the authors' framework.","PeriodicalId":100650,"journal":{"name":"IET Blockchain","volume":"1 2-4","pages":"105-117"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/blc2.12010","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87490359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Applying blockchain for primary financial market: A survey 区块链应用于初级金融市场:一项调查

IET Blockchain Pub Date : 2021-09-24 DOI: 10.1049/blc2.12009

Ji Liu, Zheng Xu, Ruiqiang Li, Hang Zhao, Hongbo Jiang, Jinhui Yao, Dong Yuan, Shiping Chen

{"title":"Applying blockchain for primary financial market: A survey","authors":"Ji Liu, Zheng Xu, Ruiqiang Li, Hang Zhao, Hongbo Jiang, Jinhui Yao, Dong Yuan, Shiping Chen","doi":"10.1049/blc2.12009","DOIUrl":"10.1049/blc2.12009","url":null,"abstract":"In financial market, especially primary market, it is very costly and difficult to make a deal due to discovery difficulty, information asymmetry, lack of trust, complicated trading process and low liquidity. Blockchain is an innovative technology enabling new business models of distributed data storage, point-to-point transaction and decentralized autonomous organizations via consensus. The unique features of blockchain, ‘decentralization, highly transparent, enhanced security and immutability of information’, make it a good solution candidate to meet the needs of private equity exchange. This article focuses on analysing the technical basis of the blockchain financial model and the typical application scenarios of the blockchain in the financial market. It discusses the importance of applying key blockchain technology to the financial market, especially in the primary market. Research has found that the development of blockchain technology, especially the maturity of stabilized token technology, makes it possible for blockchain to become a supporting technology to support the next generation of infrastructure in the future financial market. At present, blockchain technology has been concentrated in the issuance, registration, clearing, settlement and derivatives management of private equity and other over-the-counter securities. The use of blockchain to build a decentralized primary market has not received enough attention in research and practice, and the use of blockchain technology to establish a primary market with diverse distribution methods is still in its infancy. On this basis, this article further analyses the current problems and the possibility of solving these problems in the application of blockchain in the primary market and points out several interesting directions for future research in this field.","PeriodicalId":100650,"journal":{"name":"IET Blockchain","volume":"1 2-4","pages":"65-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/blc2.12009","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78280527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6