IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement最新文献

{"title":"Real-Time Vision-Based Bending Angle Estimation in a Soft Robotic Actuator Using Gaussian Processes and Kalman Filtering","authors":"Narges Ghobadi;Tony Szturm;Nariman Sepehri","doi":"10.1109/OJIM.2026.3670516","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIM.2026.3670516","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate estimation of finger bending angles is essential in rehabilitation, as it enables precise assessment of a patient’s joint motion and recovery progress. Soft robotic devices can leverage this information to provide adaptive and safe assistance, facilitating effective and personalized therapy sessions. In this article, a soft pneumatic actuator designed for the index finger is utilized to assist finger movements during rehabilitation. Because the actuator’s bending behavior depends on the internal pressure, a Gaussian process (GP) is employed to learn the nonlinear relationship between pressure and bending angle. The unscented Kalman filter (UKF) then fuses these GP-based predictions with vision-based keypoint measurements using a red, green, blue-depth (RGBD) camera to achieve robust and low-latency angle estimation for real-time control. A lightweight detection model is developed that identifies visual keypoints on the actuator’s surface with 98% precision, from which bending angles are derived. The system achieves an average frame capture time of 18.26 ms and a processing time of 13.20 ms, resulting in a total delay of 31.46 ms per frame. Quantitative evaluation demonstrates that the proposed GP–UKF fusion achieves root-mean-square error (RMSE) values of 2.32° metacarpophalangeal (MCP) and 2.64° proximal interphalangeal (PIP), improving accuracy compared to camera-only estimation (4.24°, 4.80°) and providing comparable performance to GP-only predictions (2.61°, 1.31°) while maintaining an average uncertainty of ±2.48° within the 95% confidence interval (CI). UKF effectively reduces visual jitter, correcting keypoint shifts of up to ±5 pixels and ensuring smooth angle trajectories even under noisy or partially occluded conditions. Unlike previous fusion approaches that relied solely on deterministic estimates, the proposed GP–UKF framework explicitly incorporates and propagates uncertainty from the pressure–angle model that enables reliable and interpretable real-time estimation for soft actuators under occlusion. Experimental validation on a soft actuator designed for rehabilitation demonstrates that the proposed GP–UKF fusion framework enables stable and reliable real-time angle estimation using only a camera and without requiring additional hardware sensors. The proposed system offers strong potential for adaptive, safe, and patient-tailored rehabilitation systems.","PeriodicalId":100630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement","volume":"5 ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11426797","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147440671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"2025 Index IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJIM.2026.3660504","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIM.2026.3660504","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement","volume":"4 ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-02-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11371758","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146175701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"OJIM 2025 Reviewer List","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJIM.2026.3654828","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIM.2026.3654828","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement","volume":"5 ","pages":"1-5"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11363666","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146082173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperature Compensation in Loop and Patch FSS Strain Sensors: Analysis and Experimental Validation","authors":"Swathi Muthyala Ramesh;Kristen M. Donnell","doi":"10.1109/OJIM.2025.3650259","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIM.2025.3650259","url":null,"abstract":"Frequency selective surfaces (FSSs) are arrays of conductive elements or apertures that exhibit frequency-dependent reflection and transmission properties. Their electromagnetic response is influenced by geometry and environmental conditions, making them attractive for wireless strain-sensing applications. However, temperature variations can produce frequency shifts similar to those caused by strain, reducing measurement accuracy. This work investigates the effects of intrinsic temperature compensation on two common FSS unit cell geometries—loop and patch—through comprehensive simulation analysis. The results show that loop-based cells offer superior thermal stability, while patch-based cells provide greater strain sensitivity, illustrating the tradeoff between thermal robustness and mechanical responsiveness. A patch-type FSS strain sensor was designed, fabricated, and characterized under varying temperature and strain. The sensor achieves a strain sensitivity of ~150 MHz per 1%<inline-formula> <tex-math>${varepsilon }_{l}$ </tex-math></inline-formula>, while temperature-induced drift is limited to ~12 MHz over a 200°C range, confirming the effectiveness of the intrinsic compensation strategy. The results provide valuable insights for optimizing FSS-based sensor design in structural health monitoring applications and balancing thermal stability with mechanical sensitivity to ensure reliable performance in thermally dynamic environments.","PeriodicalId":100630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement","volume":"5 ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11321304","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145929500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Standardized Approach for Assessing Wireless IoT Devices in Millimeter-Wave Industrial Work-Cell Channels","authors":"Mohamed Kashef;Kate A. Remley;Paritosh Manurkar;Joshua M. Kast;Iyemeh E. Uchendu;Robert D. Horansky;Dylan Williams;Matthew Simons;Michael Frey;Lucas Koepke;Richard Candell","doi":"10.1109/OJIM.2026.3679169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIM.2026.3679169","url":null,"abstract":"We present a standardized, repeatable test approach that replicates key features of measured industrial environments in a fully characterized hybrid test chamber. The hybrid chamber consists of an anechoic chamber along with movable metallic spheres that provide discrete reconfigurable multipath components (MPCs). The chamber is characterized by a synthetic-aperture system providing a reference measurement that captures the nonidealities of the chamber along with the intended spatial multipath, completing characterization of the test environment. A key feature of our approach is the propagation of correlated uncertainties through to the final system response, including uncertainties specific to synthetic apertures such as cable bending due to scanning and inexact positioner locations. The uncertainty analysis provides statistically accurate knowledge of the environment, allowing separation of measurement errors from errors related to the device or system under test. We have also extracted three exemplar channels that capture key features of a work-cell-sized industrial environment from measurements made with the same synthetic aperture. Each exemplar channel presents different, realistic angular-diverse multipath challenges to a millimeter-wave (mmWave) Internet-of-Things device, subsystem, or active antenna under test. This allows engineers to evaluate their hardware designs in a physical, repeatable test environment and also facilitates future standardization of test methods for these and other mmWave wireless devices.","PeriodicalId":100630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement","volume":"5 ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11459359","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147737107","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unsupervised Autoencoder-Based Anomaly Detection Under Limited Failure Data for Oil Industry","authors":"Victor Z. Ferreira;Eduardo M. Brito;Guilherme M. F. Da Cunha;Felipe A. R. Perez;Erico D. W. Dos Reis;Edfram R. Pereira;Francisco Louzada","doi":"10.1109/OJIM.2026.3670416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIM.2026.3670416","url":null,"abstract":"This article presents a deep autoencoder-based methodology for unsupervised anomaly detection in centrifugal pumps under limited failure data conditions, focusing on real-world applications in the oil and gas industry. The autoencoders are designed to reconstruct input sequences from supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) data, including pressure, temperature, vibration, and electric current, with anomaly detection derived from the reconstruction error. Anomaly detection is based on a moving-minimum anomaly score (MMAS), designed to suppress transient fluctuations and highlight consistent deviations. Each autoencoder was trained on prefault operational windows and evaluated on sequences encompassing registered failures. The autoencoder detected anomalies up to 74 days before the actual fault detection by the maintenance team, with consistent warnings of two to three days in additional cases. The architecture, training parameters, and data preprocessing steps are proposed, including pressure differential computation and idle-state filtering. The findings demonstrate the viability of unsupervised deep learning in industrial fault detection scenarios characterized by limited failure annotations in an industrial environment.","PeriodicalId":100630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement","volume":"5 ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11421588","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147557815","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postprocessing Time-Alignment Method of Power Angular Delay Profile for Automated mmWave WPAN Channel Sounding","authors":"Hiroaki Endo;Yusuke Koda;Norichika Ohmi;Hiroshi Harada","doi":"10.1109/OJIM.2026.3676164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIM.2026.3676164","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate propagation channel measurements and modeling—encompassing both angular and delay characteristics—are fundamental to the design of millimeter wave (mmWave) communication systems. Accordingly, steerable directional antennas and strict time-synchronization are commonly employed to capture power angle delay profiles (PADPs) that share synchronized standard time axes. However, time synchronization requires labor-intensive management to ensure clock synchronization during or after measurements, which hinders the construction of massive propagation channel databases. Thus, this study aimed to develop a streamlined channel sounding system by fully automating the PADP acquisition flow. First, an automated data-driven postprocessing method is proposed to reconstruct a time-synchronized PADP from an unsynchronized PADP, thereby discarding the requirement for managing clock synchronization. This approach is well-suited for simple channel sounding setups in mmWave wireless personal area network (WPAN) scenarios. The proposed method was evaluated through raytracing simulations tailored to WPAN systems with a comprehensive analysis of the impact of various measurement parameters. Simulation results demonstrated that the method achieved a time-alignment error of less than 1 ns in over 99% of cases across various receiver (Rx) locations and Rx antenna rotation angles in noise-free environments. Moreover, a real-world experimental evaluation revealed that the time-aligned PADP obtained using the proposed method reached an alignment root-mean-square error (RMSE) below 1 ns. These findings strongly demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed method for channel sounding in mmWave WPAN systems.","PeriodicalId":100630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement","volume":"5 ","pages":"1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11449231","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147696197","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Guest Editorial of Special Section on Biomedical Instrumentation for Sensing and Measurement","authors":"Meng Lu;Manojit Pramanik","doi":"10.1109/OJIM.2025.3640443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIM.2025.3640443","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement","volume":"4 ","pages":"1-2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11301669","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145778199","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Society","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJIM.2025.3638528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIM.2025.3638528","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement","volume":"4 ","pages":"C3-C3"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11296864","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145729433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Society","authors":"","doi":"10.1109/OJIM.2025.3638527","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/OJIM.2025.3638527","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100630,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Open Journal of Instrumentation and Measurement","volume":"4 ","pages":"C2-C2"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11296842","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145729285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}