Green Technologies and Sustainability最新文献

{"title":"Python-driven sensitivity analysis of geometric parameters: Evaluating the impact of geometric variations on environmental performance of large office in Boston","authors":"Zinat Javanmard,&nbsp;Consuelo Nava","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research conducted a quantitative analysis of the impacts of design decisions made in the early stages of the design process, specifically focusing on their environmental effects. Through Sensitivity analysis, this study explores the relationship between design parameters of spatial structures and environmental consequences for each geometric form within a large office space in Boston, employing a multidisciplinary approach that integrates Python with parametric modeling software. Specifically, it aims to determine which variables—such as length, width, and height for a cube, and height, radius, and length for a cylinder—most significantly influence the environmental outcomes. The research primarily employs Rhino and Grasshopper for parametric modeling of a cube and a cylinder, followed by climate analysis using Honeybee and Ladybug tools. Subsequently, the Environmental Impact of energy consumption during the operational phase (B6 stage) is assessed through OpenLCA. The findings indicate that the cylinder configuration offers significantly better energy efficiency and 5.3% lower environmental impact compared to the cube. Sensitivity analysis through Scatter plot, FRE, XGBoost, RF, and SHAP values diagrams highlight that among the cube’s parameters (length, width, height), length is a critical factor for its sustainable design, while for the cylinder varieties (height, radius), height holds greater significance. Among the various environmental impacts assessed, fossil fuel depletion emerged as the most crucial category. The investigation conclusively underlines the imperative of optimizing geometric parameters to significantly influence reduce the ecological footprint, thereby advocating for strategic, evidence-based design decisions in the sustainable architecture field.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100222"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144230987","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable synthesis of silica nanoparticles (SNPs) from agricultural residues: A review on plant stress mitigation and the sustainability triangle","authors":"Arsenio D. Bulfa Jr. ,&nbsp;Marjun C. Alvarado ,&nbsp;Pearl B. Sanchez ,&nbsp;Ma. Lourdes S. Edaño ,&nbsp;Pompe C. Sta. Cruz ,&nbsp;Eureka Teresa M. Ocampo","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Silica nanoparticles (SNPs) have shown potential in a variety of applications across industries, including agriculture. Amid growing concerns about sustainable agricultural intensification and the environmental burden of synthetic agrochemicals, there is a pressing need for eco-friendly alternatives to support crop resilience. These nanoparticles can be sustainably extracted from agricultural residues such as rice hulls/husks, sugarcane bagasse, and corn cobs. These by-products are not only rich in silica but are also produced in large quantities annually, making them ideal candidates for SNPs production. This review discusses the synthesis methods of SNPs from agricultural residues and their potential to enhance crop productivity, particularly under abiotic stressors. The novelty of this work lies in its focus on the sustainability triangle – economic, environmental, and social sustainability – in the context of SNPs production from agricultural residues. Studies suggest that SNPs can mitigate the negative effects of various abiotic stresses, including salinity, drought, and heavy metal toxicity. However, despite their promising potential, the SNPs extraction process needs further optimization, considering the different isolation methods and process variables. To ensure scalable and responsible implementation, future research should also incorporate techno-economic analysis (TEA), life-cycle assessments (LCA), and relevant social sustainability factors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100221"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144230985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring the influence of circular economy on big data analytics and supply chain resilience nexus: A structural equation modeling approach","authors":"Samia Islam ,&nbsp;Sanjida Hassan ,&nbsp;Sourav Hossain ,&nbsp;Tazim Ahmed ,&nbsp;Chitra Lekha Karmaker ,&nbsp;A.B.M. Mainul Bari","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100219","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The recent pandemic, geopolitical instability, and unforeseen crises have profoundly disrupted global supply chains, igniting a critical need to reevaluate and enhance supply chain resilience strategies. In response, researchers have extensively explored the role of big data analytics in bolstering supply chain resilience during the post-pandemic and war-time recovery phase. Again, to reduce dependency on finite resources, minimize waste, and create adaptive, closed-loop systems, the role of circular economy has also been analyzed widely. However, the interaction between these two, such as how big data analytics impacts supply chain resilience within the framework of circular economy, is still underexplored. Hence, this study aims to explore the mediating role of circular economy in the relationship between big data analytics and supply chain resilience, especially focusing on the readymade garments manufacturing sector of an emerging economy like Bangladesh. A second-order hierarchical component model has been developed and tested using partial least squares structural equation modeling to achieve this. The first-order constructs and measurement items were sourced from an extensive literature review and insights from experts in the Bangladeshi readymade garments sector. The study demonstrates that circular economy significantly plays the role of a partial mediator in the relationship between big data analytics and supply chain resilience. This indicates that while big data analytics directly enhances supply chain resilience, its effectiveness is further amplified when integrated with circular economy practices. The study’s findings offer valuable insights for industry managers and policymakers, enabling them to utilize big data analytics in order to align industrial practices with circular economy principles and bolster supply chain resilience to maintain and improve ecological and socio-economic sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144242824","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of MILD chamber design for combustion of producer gas from biomass gasification","authors":"Omar Al Rifai ,&nbsp;K.A. Al-attab ,&nbsp;Ibrahim I. Enagi ,&nbsp;K.F. Mustafa ,&nbsp;Abdul Rahman Mohamed","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100220","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100220","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Producer gas (PG) from biomass gasification is a promising carbon-neutral alternative fuel that can be utilized for power generation in steam boilers. However, conventional swirler axial burners design suffers from its low efficiency and high pollutant emission when using PG due to its low energy density caused by the high dilution with <span><math><msub><mrow><mi>N</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></msub></math></span> and CO₂. This study aims to address the need for optimizing Moderate or Intense Low-oxygen Dilution (MILD) combustion, a promising technique known for its temperature homogeneity and emissions characteristics. This is achieved through a two-stage full factorial statistical optimization using Design of Experiments (DoE) tools and ANSYS-FLUENT simulations to optimize the chamber geometry and operating conditions. Circular and square cross-section geometries were compared. The optimum geometry for Circular design was 200 mm in diameter and 1000 mm in length, while square design was 548.8 mm in height and 1500 mm in length. The Circular design with lower emissions and smaller size was further optimized in second-stage DoE where the equivalence ratio (<span><math><mi>φ</mi></math></span>) and fuel inlet jet velocity (<span><math><msub><mrow><mi>V</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>f</mi></mrow></msub></math></span>) were manipulated. <span><math><mi>φ</mi></math></span> showed significant effect on pollutant emissions while 100 m/s provided adequate internal gas circulation to achieve MILD condition, and further increase in velocity did not show significant enhancement of combustion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100220"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Drivers and barriers to Industrial Revolution 5.0 readiness: A comprehensive review of key factors","authors":"Tia Tanjung ,&nbsp;Ihwan Ghazali ,&nbsp;Wan Hasrulnizzam Wan Mahmood ,&nbsp;Safarudin Gazali Herawan","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100217","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As industries navigate the transition toward Industrial Revolution 5.0, understanding the key drivers and barriers to readiness becomes crucial. This study conducts a comprehensive literature review to uncover the critical factors shaping IR 5.0 adoption. The findings highlight that technological advancements, workforce upskilling, and supportive policies serve as primary drivers, accelerating the shift toward human-centric and sustainable industrial ecosystems. Conversely, resistance to change, financial constraints, and lack of awareness emerge as significant barriers, impeding progress. To bridge these gaps, this study emphasizes the need for strategic investments in advanced technologies, targeted workforce development programs, and robust policy frameworks. By offering a structured analysis of the enablers and inhibitors of IR 5.0 adoption, this research provides valuable insights for industry leaders, policymakers, and academics, fostering sustainable growth and innovation in an era of rapid technological evolution.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 4","pages":"Article 100217"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144240212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Extraction of tannin from Abrus precetorius seed in leather processing: An eco-friendly approach","authors":"Md. Abul Hashem,&nbsp;Md. Shahriar Shahadat,&nbsp;Jannatul Nime Tabassum,&nbsp;Md. Mukimujjaman Miem,&nbsp;Modinatul Maoya","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100216","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Retanning is a significant process in leather manufacturing to improve physicomechanical properties based on the desired characteristics of the final leather. To ensure a sustainable environment, an eco-friendly tanning agent is used in retanning process instead of mineral tannin e.g. chromium. This study reveals the usage of an alternative vegetable tanning agent from <em>Abrus precetorius</em> (Rosary pea) and compares the characteristics with chromed retanned leathers. The extracted tannin through solvent extraction was characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, which indicates the presence of the functional group, responsible for tanning. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) demonstrated the surface morphology of conventional and experimental crust leather. The tannin content in the seed of <em>Abrus precetorius</em> was found to be 15.34 %. The tensile strength (298.8 kg/cm ²), rate of elongation (74.2%), grain crack load (40.2 kg), strength at ball burst (53.7 kg), shrinkage temperature (108.8 °C) and distention during grain crack and ball burst (7.8 mm and 8.8 mm) of experimental leather meet the desired requirements. This investigation introduces an innovative potential replacement of chromium which propagates the use of novel vegetable tanning agents to make the green leather industry which can reduce the pollution load.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100216"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143936622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fuel cell technologies in the automotive sector: A focus on proton exchange membrane and Alkaline fuel cells","authors":"Vijay Bhooshan Kumar ,&nbsp;Aakash Collin ,&nbsp;M. Gopi Sankar ,&nbsp;Kanakasabapathi Subramanian","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100218","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The automotive industry currently relies heavily on internal combustion engine (ICE) technology, which consumes large amounts of fossil fuels and significantly contributes to global environmental degradation and the ongoing energy crisis. As a result, automotive manufacturers are increasingly compelled to explore alternative green energy sources for vehicle propulsion. In this context, fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs) have emerged as a promising solution in the transition towards clean and sustainable transportation. This review article focuses on the development and application of fuel cell technologies specifically Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) and Alkaline Fuel Cells (AFCs) as viable alternatives for the future of the automotive industry. We provide a detailed comparative analysis of the utility, efficiency, and development status of both PEMFCs and AFCs. Our findings suggest that PEMFCs are well-positioned to lead the future of transportation, mobile power systems, and stationary energy applications, owing to their high-power density and low operating temperatures. However, realizing their full potential will require advancements in hydrogen infrastructure and cost reduction of key materials. In contrast, AFCs offer benefits in terms of cost-effectiveness and simplicity of design, making them suitable for energy storage systems and niche markets. Nonetheless, wider adoption of AFCs will depend on overcoming challenges such as CO₂ sensitivity and improving their long-term operational durability. Additionally, this review highlights key parameters—including strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and challenges (SWOC analysis) affecting the development and deployment of fuel cell vehicles. We also compare FCEVs with battery-powered electric vehicles (BEVs), emphasizing the environmental concern that electricity production for battery charging still carries a significant carbon footprint. Given these considerations, PEMFC-based fuel cells present a more compatible and scalable solution for the automotive sector, particularly for heavy commercial vehicles, which demand robust and efficient power systems. Looking forward, AFC technology also holds potential for integration into automotive applications as advancements continue. We believe this review contributes to the growing body of research aimed at accelerating the adoption of clean and sustainable vehicle technologies, helping to shape a greener future for the global transportation industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100218"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding environmental noise: Transmission, attenuation, resonance and health implications","authors":"Yoshiyasu Takefuji","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100215","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the behavior of environmental noise, a critical topic for acoustic experts. Sound and noise propagate through various media via pressure variations, with attenuation significantly influenced by environmental factors, source types, frequencies, and climatic conditions. Attenuation refers to the reduction of sound intensity. Noise sources are classified into point, line, and plane categories. Sound is perceived by the human ear, while noise is unwanted sound. The distinction between the two depends on individual perception, the environment, and circumstances. Noise can be audible or inaudible, with inaudible noise, such as infrasound and ultrasound, potentially posing health risks. This paper examines noise attenuation in relation to sources, frequencies, and site conditions such as resonance phenomena. It also addresses the limitations of current acoustic measurement technologies and proposes advancements for the field of acoustic science due to neglecting resonance phenomena. By understanding these factors, we can effectively assess and mitigate the impact of noise on human and animal health and the environment.</div><div><strong>What is known:</strong> Sound and noise propagate through pressure variations in air, liquid, or solid. Noise sources are categorized into point, line, and plane sources. While sound is what we hear, noise is considered unwanted sound. The reduction of sound intensity, known as attenuation, varies based on environmental factors, source types, and frequencies. Attenuation is frequency-dependent, with higher frequencies generally experiencing greater attenuation. The surrounding environment, whether it consists of hard or soft sites, significantly impacts attenuation. Current acoustic measurement technologies, such as FFT analysis, have limitations in terms of frequency resolution and transducer capabilities.</div><div><strong>What this paper adds:</strong> This paper adds to the existing knowledge by providing a comprehensive analysis of noise attenuation, covering point, line, and plane sources, frequency-dependent attenuation, and environmental factors. It specifically addresses the often-overlooked attenuation of infrasound and explores the unique characteristics of both natural resonance noises. The paper discusses the limitations of FFT frequency resolution and its impact on acoustic signal measurement, suggesting potential advancements in acoustic measurement technologies to address these limitations. Additionally, it highlights the potential health implications of infrasound, including its ability to cause resonance and amplify sound levels. By offering a detailed overview and addressing specific gaps in knowledge, this paper contributes to a better understanding of environmental noise and its implications for human health and the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143929370","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Riverine agroforestry systems: Tree diversity and species structure along Lilagar river catchment in Chhattisgarh, India","authors":"Arun Kumar Shukla ,&nbsp;K.K. Chandra ,&nbsp;Rajesh Kumar ,&nbsp;Atul Kumar Bhardwaj","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100211","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100211","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Riverine agroforestry is essential for maintaining biodiversity, climate-resilient farming as well as maintaining river flow. However, our rivers are drying and diminishing due to increasing anthropogenic activities in the riverine ecosystem. In this study, the riverine agroforestry system along the Lilagar river, Bilaspur, India was compared with the natural forest in terms of tree diversity, structure, and composition. Ten grid points at 10 km intervals along the riverine habitat covering 100 km length of the river were undertaken. A number of trees, IVI, Shannon–Weiner Index, dominance, evenness index, etc., were analysed and compared with both the land use system. Thirty-seven tree species were reported in riverine agroforestry systems, compared to 28 tree species from the natural forest. Tree species belonging to the Fabaceae family dominate in riverine agroforestry while Combetaceae and Anacardiaceae are in the natural forest. Tree density was found 86.25 ha<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> in agroforestry and 419.11 trees ha<span><math><msup><mrow></mrow><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> in a natural forest. For riverine farmland and natural forests, the Shannon diversity index was 1.69 and 2.38, respectively, whereas the evenness index was measured at 0.473 and 0.703 for these two land use systems. Species dissimilarities were recorded in both the land use system. The results show that riverine agroforestry complements the natural forest for biodiversity conservation and supports in counteracting the loss of tree species from the natural ecosystem. Hence, promoting agroforestry in farmlands should be part of the biodiversity conservation strategy and increase riverine sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100211"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143906018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Laboratory evaluation of micro and nano eggshell powder on physical and rheological properties of bitumen","authors":"Alattafi Hadi Zghair Chfat ,&nbsp;Haryati Yaacob ,&nbsp;Nurul Hidayah Mohd Kamaruddin ,&nbsp;Zaid Hazim Al-Saffar ,&nbsp;Ramadhansyah Putra Jaya","doi":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grets.2025.100212","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Bitumen is a non-renewable resource, and the rising global demand for it has resulted in higher costs for it. Consequently, researchers have conducted numerous studies exploring sustainable and cost-effective alternatives. One potential solution involves using waste materials as replacements or additives, which offers a promising approach to addressing these challenges. Therefore, this study focused on using eggshell powder in micro-sized (ESP) and nano-sized (NESP) as a modifier for bitumen, aiming to identify the most effective option. The characteristics of bitumen containing ESP and NESP at concentrations of 0 %, 5 %, 7 %, and 9 % by weight of bitumen have been investigated in terms of physical and rheological properties, including penetration, softening point, ductility, viscosity, storage stability, mass loss, and dynamic shear rheometer (DSR) test. In general, the results showed that adding ESP and NESP reduces penetration, increases softening point and viscosity values, and decreases ductility. NESP demonstrated better performance in terms of storage stability and mass loss at high temperatures. The DSR test revealed that the rutting parameter increased as ESP and NESP concentration increased, respectively. Additionally, NESP showed better enhancement in physical and rheological properties than ESP. Notably, 9% NESP represented the best concentration for improving bitumen properties. The study demonstrated that using eggshell waste for bitumen modification is a viable option with significant long-term benefits for both resources and the environment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100598,"journal":{"name":"Green Technologies and Sustainability","volume":"3 3","pages":"Article 100212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143878722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}