Green Carbon最新文献

{"title":"From AM0 to GW: Technological leap and stellar voyage of space photovoltaics","authors":"Junhao Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The field of space photovoltaics (PVs) is on the verge of considerable growth. Unlike terrestrial PVs, space-based solar cells operate in the AM0 environment that involve harsh conditions, such as high-energy particle radiation, atomic oxygen erosion, and extreme temperature cycling, which complicate the application of space PVs. This paper presents a systematic review of the technological evolution from conventional Si-based cells to III-V multi-junction cells, perovskite solar cells (PSCs), and emerging thin-film technologies that have been developed to mitigate the aforementioned challenges. Three key dimensions are the focus of this review: cell technology, environmental adaptability, and component optimization. Furthermore, the development pathways of lightweight and flexible technologies are explored, and an in-depth analysis of degradation mechanisms and protection strategies in the space environment is presented. Key future technical challenges, including low-cost manufacturing, ultralightweight design, and in-situ assembly, are examined. Technological breakthroughs expected in the next 5–10 years are also projected.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100595,"journal":{"name":"Green Carbon","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 345-357"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028842","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bimetallic Cu-Zn/SiO2 catalyst for selective hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural to 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan","authors":"Xiangcheng Li,&nbsp;Lin Zhang,&nbsp;Hongyu Qu,&nbsp;Junjie Li,&nbsp;Xiao Han,&nbsp;Haoran Tian,&nbsp;Lingling Wang,&nbsp;Zhendong Wang,&nbsp;Weimin Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.06.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A high-performance Cu-Zn/SiO₂ catalyst was synthesized using a urea-assisted deposition-precipitation strategy and employed in the chemoselective hydrogenation of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) to 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan (BHMF). Characterization results showed that Zn was critical for regulating the catalyst characteristics by improving Cu dispersion, inhibiting particle sintering, and increasing the surface concentration of Cu⁰/Cu⁺ active sites. Moreover, using urea as a precipitant was essential for ensuring the uniform deposition of Cu and Zn species onto SiO₂ microspheres. At a relatively low temperature of 130 °C, the Cu₅-Zn₅/SiO₂ catalyst afforded a BHMF yield of up to 98.1% within 3 h. The cooperative effect of Cu⁰/Cu⁺ active sites and the uniform deposition of Cu and Zn species decisively influenced the efficient hydrogenation of HMF. This finding highlights the potential of the Cu-Zn/SiO₂ catalyst for the sustainable upgrading of biomass-derived platform chemicals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100595,"journal":{"name":"Green Carbon","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 394-403"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028957","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustainable biomanufacturing of fat-soluble vitamins: Rewiring carbon flux and green carbon management","authors":"Chenchen Xu,&nbsp;Wanyue Zhang,&nbsp;Kai Wang,&nbsp;Yiying Huo,&nbsp;Quanlu Zhao,&nbsp;Yining Liu,&nbsp;Xinyi Lin,&nbsp;Liyue Xi,&nbsp;Tianwei Tan","doi":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.08.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.08.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fat-soluble vitamins (vitamins A, D, E, and K) are essential, high-value micronutrients with surging global demand. Traditionally, their industrial production has relied heavily on fossil-derived chemical synthesis or resource-intensive plant extraction, both of which are constrained by high carbon footprints, low atom economy, and severe environmental pollution. In contrast, microbial biomanufacturing offers a transformative \"Green Carbon\" strategy by valorizing renewable carbon sources into these complex functional compounds. This review systematically summarizes recent advancements in the green biosynthesis of fat-soluble vitamins. We focus on how synthetic biology and metabolic engineering are utilized to rewire carbon flux toward farnesyl pyrophosphate (FPP) and geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate (GGPP), which act as the central carbon nodes for all fat-soluble vitamins. Furthermore, we categorize specific engineering approaches, such as modular pathway optimization, directed enzyme evolution, and global metabolic network balancing, implemented across typical industrial chassis (<em>Escherichia coli</em>, <em>Bacillus subtilis</em>, <em>Saccharomyces cerevisiae</em>, and <em>Yarrowia lipolytica</em>) to maximize carbon conversion efficiency. The review details the green process routes, fermentation scales, and yield breakthroughs achieved to date. Finally, we discuss future technical strategies aligned with carbon neutrality goals, emphasizing the potential of next-generation green carbon sources to provide a theoretical roadmap for low-carbon and highly efficient microbial manufacturing in the global health industry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100595,"journal":{"name":"Green Carbon","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 267-284"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Photo-assisted regeneration in CO2 capture: Mechanisms and materials","authors":"Yuqiong Niu,&nbsp;Xiaoqian Zhang,&nbsp;Xiangju Song,&nbsp;Chengli Jiao,&nbsp;Heqing Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>CO₂ capture has emerged as a key strategy for mitigating climate change; however, the energy-intensive regeneration of CO₂ adsorbents hinders its widespread deployment. Harnessing solar irradiation for CO₂ adsorbent regeneration offers a sustainable alternative to conventional thermal regeneration methods. Photo-assisted CO₂ desorption generally involves four sequential steps: light absorption, photon-to-energy conversion, energy transfer, and CO₂ release. Based on the photon-to-energy conversion mechanism, photo-driven CO₂ regeneration can be categorized into three distinct pathways: photothermal, photoisomerization, and photochemical. This review systematically compares these three pathways in terms of regeneration efficiency, working capacity retention, and operational stability of CO₂ adsorbents, while elucidating their fundamental regeneration mechanisms and material design principles. Furthermore, key challenges for practical implementation and future research directions for scalable and energy-efficient CO₂ regeneration are discussed. This review offers fundamental insights into photo-assisted CO₂ regeneration and provides material design principles for advanced regeneration technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100595,"journal":{"name":"Green Carbon","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 432-446"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bionic ultralow energy consumption for energy conversion, storage, and precision separation","authors":"Jun Gao,&nbsp;Zhaoyu Ma,&nbsp;Lei Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In biological systems, macroscopic functions with exceptionally low energy input can be achieved by regulating molecular and ionic motion in narrow chemically defined nanochannels. Biomimetic artificial nanochannels provide a material platform for translating such biological principles into engineered systems. In this perspective, we highlight bionic ultralow energy consumption (UEC) as an emerging design principle for osmotic energy conversion, electrochemical energy storage, and separation of energy-related materials. We argue that UEC enables efficient transport through nanochannels, which is governed not only by the pore size but also by the channel dimensionality and associated free-energy landscape, including dehydration, diffusion, coordination, adsorption, and release. One-dimensional channels provide directional, low-tortuosity pathways; two-dimensional layered nanochannels allow tunable interlayer confinement; and three-dimensional porous frameworks provide dense interconnected transport networks. Recent advances show that these architectures can enhance ion selectivity, accelerate charge storage, and enable precision separation of ions and isotopes. In addition, we present the opportunities and challenges posed by UEC-based nanochannels and discuss possible directions for their future development. By integrating biomimetic channel design, chemical recognition, advanced characterization, and manufacturable architectures, bionic UEC can evolve into a conceptual framework for sustainable energy and separation technologies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100595,"journal":{"name":"Green Carbon","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 358-362"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From curtailment to synergy: Integrating renewable energy utilization with forage production, ecological restoration and carbon sequestration in China’s Three-North drylands","authors":"Cunzheng Wei,&nbsp;Peng Han,&nbsp;An Yang,&nbsp;Tingting Ren,&nbsp;Jianguo Xue,&nbsp;Wei Liu,&nbsp;Tianyu Hu,&nbsp;Lijin Tian,&nbsp;Wenda Wang,&nbsp;Haiyang Zhang,&nbsp;Lin Ye,&nbsp;Sen Wang,&nbsp;Hongyuan Ma,&nbsp;Xiaojun Su,&nbsp;Xingguo Han,&nbsp;Tingyun Kuang","doi":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China's Three-North Region hosts of the world's largest wind and solar installations, yet renewable curtailment persists due to insufficient local demand and congested transmission. Simultaneously, this region faces chronic forage protein shortages, widespread grassland degradation, and weak carbon sink capacity. We propose a Green Biomanufacturing Infrastructure (GBI) paradigm that transforms these intersecting challenges into a fourfold synergy: renewable energy utilization, forage production, ecological restoration, and carbon sequestration. Surplus wind/solar power drives five integrated modules: (i) direct current (DC)-driven desalination and atmospheric water harvesting for fresh water, (ii) agrivoltaic forage cultivation and ecological grassland restoration, (iii) adaptive plant-factories powered by photovoltaic (PV) and thermal storage with smart light-emitting diode (LED) lighting, (iv) artificial intelligence (AI)-assisted microalgal photobioreactors coupled with green ammonia synthesis, and (v) renewable-powered biomass drying and processing. Together, these systems form flexible “biological loads” that dynamically follow the renewable supply profile. Rather than moving electricity far away or storing it chemically, the green electricity is directly used to create forage, vegetation cover and carbon sinks <em>in situ</em>, thus simultaneously addressing power curtailment, feed security, ecosystem restoration and carbon sequestration. This perspective outlines the concept, supporting technologies, and policy measures for realizing such a co-beneficial infrastructure in North China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100595,"journal":{"name":"Green Carbon","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 262-266"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electron transfer, proton transfer, and molecule transfer in photocatalytic nitrogen fixation","authors":"Qian Li,&nbsp;Yonghui Shi,&nbsp;Hongxiang Liu,&nbsp;Jiafu Shi,&nbsp;Dong Yang,&nbsp;Zhongyi Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.02.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.02.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Photocatalytic nitrogen fixation (PNF) can utilize water and nitrogen gas to synthesize ammonia <em>via</em> the light-driven conversion, significantly contributing to the carbon neutrality goal and mitigating the energy crisis. Typically, the PNF involves the individual and coupled transfer of electrons (e⁻), protons (H⁺), and molecules (N₂/H₂O/NH₃), which collectively determines the photocatalytic efficiency. Therefore, a fundamental understanding of these three transfer processes and their intensification strategies is crucial for elucidating the reaction mechanism and developing high-performance catalysts. This review first summarizes recent advances in the electron, proton, and molecule transfer during PNF, along with their corresponding intensification strategies. In particular, based on the distinct stages of these transfer processes, this review comprehensively summarizes the intensification strategies, including the element doping, photosensitizer modification, surface plasmon resonance, defect engineering, heterostructure construction, morphology control, and transfer pathway regulation for electron transfer; the noble metal loading, vacancy construction, element doping, and transfer pathway optimization for proton transfer; the reaction condition design, surface modification, and pore structure engineering for molecule transfer. By systematically elucidating these transfer mechanisms and their synergistic intensification strategies, more efficient PNF can be explored, and the overarching perspectives and design principles for the next-generation photocatalysts with superior activity are presented.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100595,"journal":{"name":"Green Carbon","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 414-431"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Twenty years of green carbon: QIBEBT’s journey at the forefront of green and sustainable science and technology","authors":"Lu Xuefeng","doi":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.08.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.08.009","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100595,"journal":{"name":"Green Carbon","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 253-255"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149033236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enabling highly efficient ambient-temperature formic acid dehydrogenation over ultrafine Pd–Ir alloy nanoclusters supported on aminated dealuminated Beta zeolite","authors":"Shiyu Wan,&nbsp;Dongyan Xu,&nbsp;Peng Lu,&nbsp;Valentin Valtchev","doi":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Palladium-based zeolite catalysts are promising candidates for formic acid dehydrogenation (FAD), enabling on-demand hydrogen release and utilization. Achieving uniform dispersion of Pd-based alloy nanoparticles on zeolites through defect-engineering strategies remains a significant challenge. In this study, the acidity of Beta zeolite was modulated by dealumination, which simultaneously created structural defects known as \"silanol nests\". Subsequently, the zeolite was functionalized with amino groups using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, followed by co-reduction to successfully generate highly dispersed metal species with an average size of approximately 1.5 nm. The as-prepared Pd–Ir/NH₂-deAlBeta catalyst exhibits abundant exposed active sites and excellent formic acid adsorption ability. The optimized Pd_0.75–Ir_0.25/NH₂-deAlBeta catalyst demonstrates an initial turnover frequency (TOF) of 3521 ± 150 h^–1 at 298 K. Kinetic isotope effect measurements indicate that C–H bond cleavage is the rate-determining step, and further mechanistic studies reveal that the HCOO* species is the key surface intermediate on the Pd–Ir/NH₂-deAlBeta catalyst.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100595,"journal":{"name":"Green Carbon","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 404-413"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Degradable and recyclable polyesters and polycarbonates for next-generation sustainable solid-state lithium metal batteries","authors":"Yuyao Wang,&nbsp;Bokun Li,&nbsp;Zhenjie Yang,&nbsp;Chenyang Hu,&nbsp;Yanchuan Zhou,&nbsp;Zhiqiang Sun,&nbsp;Hai Sun,&nbsp;Mingyuan Zheng,&nbsp;Xuan Pang,&nbsp;Xuesi Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.greenca.2026.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>With the rapid growth of the portable electronics and electric vehicle markets, there is an urgent demand for lithium-ion batteries with higher energy density and improved safety. Solid polymer electrolytes (SPEs) are considered a key solution to the safety concerns of conventional liquid electrolytes, owing to their superior flexibility, processability, and interfacial compatibility. However, traditional poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) based electrolytes suffer from low room-temperature ionic conductivity, a narrow electrochemical window, and a low lithium-ion transference number. These limitations make them unsuitable for high-voltage lithium metal batteries. In recent years, polyesters and polycarbonates have emerged as promising next-generation SPE matrix materials, leveraging the unique chemistry of their carbonyl (C<img>O) groups to deliver high dielectric constants, wide voltage windows, and moderate Li⁺ coordination. More importantly, the chemical tunability of these polymers opens new pathways toward addressing sustainability challenges across the full battery lifecycle. This review systematically covers recent progress in polyester- and polycarbonate-based SPEs that are designed to be degradable and, in selected cases, closed-loop recyclable for solid-state lithium metal batteries. Starting from molecular design principles and ion transport dynamics, we examine the latest strategies for boosting electrochemical performance, including copolymerization, side-chain engineering, crosslinked network topology optimization, and the use of lithium salts as multifunctional catalysts. Representative material systems are categorized by their structural features and electrochemical metrics, with a focus on electrode/electrolyte interfacial chemistry and sustainable strategies for degradation, monomer recovery, and closed-loop recycling. The review concludes with a critical outlook on future directions, oriented toward overcoming barriers to industrial adoption.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100595,"journal":{"name":"Green Carbon","volume":"4 3","pages":"Pages 368-386"},"PeriodicalIF":14.2,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149028955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}