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Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards最新文献

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Business interruption losses from natural hazards: conceptual and methodological issues in the case of the Northridge earthquake 自然灾害造成的业务中断损失:以北岭地震为例的概念和方法问题
Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards Pub Date : 2002-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-2867(02)00012-8
Adam Rose , Dongsoon Lim
{"title":"Business interruption losses from natural hazards: conceptual and methodological issues in the case of the Northridge earthquake","authors":"Adam Rose ,&nbsp;Dongsoon Lim","doi":"10.1016/S1464-2867(02)00012-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1464-2867(02)00012-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper presents several refinements in a hazard loss estimation methodology and applies it to measuring business interruption losses from utility lifeline disruptions following the Northridge Earthquake. The analysis indicates that losses are highly sensitive to business resiliency. The results are then compared with survey-based estimates in an attempt at model validation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100587,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards","volume":"4 1","pages":"Pages 1-14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1464-2867(02)00012-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137370873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Climate variability, political crises, and historical population displacements in Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚的气候变化、政治危机和历史上的人口迁移
Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.hazards.2003.08.001
Joshua Comenetz, César Caviedes
{"title":"Climate variability, political crises, and historical population displacements in Ethiopia","authors":"Joshua Comenetz,&nbsp;César Caviedes","doi":"10.1016/j.hazards.2003.08.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.hazards.2003.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>El Niño events from the 1970s through the 1990s caused extended droughts in Ethiopia. These droughts were followed by famine and political turmoil that resulted in radical changes of government, secession, and a massive program of population redistribution. Cartographic analysis of Ethiopian census data from 1984 and 1994 shows changes in demographic patterns. The consequences of government-imposed migration policies, whose catalyst was the climate variability caused by repeated El Niño events, were changes in the ethnic composition of certain Ethiopian regions and changes in the geographic pattern of population growth.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100587,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards","volume":"4 4","pages":"Pages 113-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.hazards.2003.08.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137313429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Causality and management of forest fires in Mediterranean environments: an example from Catalonia 地中海地区森林火灾的因果关系和管理:以加泰罗尼亚为例
Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.3763/ehaz.2002.0403
Anna Badia, D. Saurí, Rufí Cerdan, J. Llurdés
{"title":"Causality and management of forest fires in Mediterranean environments: an example from Catalonia","authors":"Anna Badia, D. Saurí, Rufí Cerdan, J. Llurdés","doi":"10.3763/ehaz.2002.0403","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3763/ehaz.2002.0403","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this article we argue that the growing occurrence and impacts of forest fires in Catalonia can be mainly attributed not to climate change or individual misbehavior but to the decline of the landscape mosaic that has historically characterized Mediterranean rural areas. Recent socio-economic change has resulted in an uncontrolled growth of the forest masses in turn facilitating the propagation of large fires. Forest fire policy has reacted compulsively after the great fire waves of the last decades overemphasizing extinction to the detriment of prevention, and individual education to the detriment of a more comprehensive rural development planning. This option reflects a biased analysis of causality, which we examine in the context of the hazard chain developed by researchers at Clark University. Using the example of the Bages County in central Catalonia we outline the problems associated with the conventional approach to forest fire management and also the difficulties faced by alternative choices.","PeriodicalId":100587,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards","volume":"28 1","pages":"23 - 32"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73367889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 80
Climate variability, political crises, and historical population displacements in Ethiopia 埃塞俄比亚的气候变化、政治危机和历史上的人口迁移
Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.3763/ehaz.2002.0413
Joshua Comenetz, C. Caviedes
{"title":"Climate variability, political crises, and historical population displacements in Ethiopia","authors":"Joshua Comenetz, C. Caviedes","doi":"10.3763/ehaz.2002.0413","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3763/ehaz.2002.0413","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract El Niño events from the 1970s through the 1990s caused extended droughts in Ethiopia. These droughts were followed by famine and political turmoil that resulted in radical changes of government, secession, and a massive program of population redistribution. Cartographic analysis of Ethiopian census data from 1984 and 1994 shows changes in demographic patterns. The consequences of government-imposed migration policies, whose catalyst was the climate variability caused by repeated El Niño events, were changes in the ethnic composition of certain Ethiopian regions and changes in the geographic pattern of population growth.","PeriodicalId":100587,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards","volume":"51 1","pages":"113 - 127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90480311","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 64
Knowing sufficient and applying more: challenges in hazards management 充分了解和应用:危害管理的挑战
Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.3763/ehaz.2002.0407
J. Weichselgartner, M. Obersteiner
{"title":"Knowing sufficient and applying more: challenges in hazards management","authors":"J. Weichselgartner, M. Obersteiner","doi":"10.3763/ehaz.2002.0407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3763/ehaz.2002.0407","url":null,"abstract":"The hazard management problem presents a curious pair of phenomena: common agreement that something bad is happening, and universal inability to stop the growth of human and economic losses. White et al. (2001) argued in their statement ‘‘knowing better and losing even more’’ that improved knowledge about disaster management was not by itself sufficient to reverse the upward trend in disaster statistics. The fact that property losses caused by natural hazards have been increasing, while the volume of research on natural hazards is greater than ever, raises some questions about the adequacy of tools and techniques used in hazard research and disaster management. In our brief analysis that complements White et al. (2001), we would like to focus on the social dimension of knowledge, in the sense of being cognizant, conscious, and aware of natural disasters and their implications for development. Risks of disaster arise out of the combination of natural hazards and human vulnerability, and we argue that by divorcing the natural disaster debate from the development debate, half of this disaster equation is ignored. The current pace of disasters is undermining markets and safety nets of developing countries and reducing their capacities to provide basic services for their people. Far greater policy coherence is needed between economists, development planners, natural scientists, and disaster managers in order to prevent catastrophic losses to human lives, livelihoods, and natural and economic assets. There are at least three reasons that could explain these phenomena:","PeriodicalId":100587,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards","volume":"44 1","pages":"73 - 77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85592788","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 60
The socioeconomic effects of a landslide in Western Washington 华盛顿西部山体滑坡对社会经济的影响
Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.3763/ehaz.2002.0414
Tara J. Burke, D. Sattler, T. Terich
{"title":"The socioeconomic effects of a landslide in Western Washington","authors":"Tara J. Burke, D. Sattler, T. Terich","doi":"10.3763/ehaz.2002.0414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3763/ehaz.2002.0414","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Landslides can create permanently unstable sites that cannot be repaired or developed, and as a result, can cause severe economic and social consequences for families and communities. This study examines the economic and social effects of a landslide that struck Western Washington in February 1999. Two years after the landslide, property owners completed a confidential questionnaire. Property owners experienced significant personal financial losses and received little financial assistance to recover. Most (93%) did not receive any relief from their insurance policies, and 7% received only temporary rental assistance. Participants reported a variety of monetary and personal losses that were associated with emotional distress. They also reported a variety of gains and new perspectives on life. In this paper, we consider mechanisms to reduce the economic losses of landslides as well as implications and future research directions.","PeriodicalId":100587,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards","volume":"80 1","pages":"129 - 136"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83606406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 13
Cold weather: an unrecognized challenge for humanitarian assistance 寒冷的天气:人道主义援助面临的一个未被认识到的挑战
Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-2867(03)00006-8
Charles Kelly
{"title":"Cold weather: an unrecognized challenge for humanitarian assistance","authors":"Charles Kelly","doi":"10.1016/S1464-2867(03)00006-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1464-2867(03)00006-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100587,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 79-81"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1464-2867(03)00006-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136553436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
“Editors Note: The secret history of natural disaster” Environmental Hazards 3 (1) p. 29 (2001) 编者按:自然灾害的秘史>《环境危害》第3期第1期第29页(2001)
Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.3763/EHAZ.2002.0410
J. K. Mitchell
{"title":"“Editors Note: The secret history of natural disaster” Environmental Hazards 3 (1) p. 29 (2001)","authors":"J. K. Mitchell","doi":"10.3763/EHAZ.2002.0410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3763/EHAZ.2002.0410","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100587,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards","volume":"169 1","pages":"85 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82672750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Disaster vulnerability of businesses in the 2001 Nisqually earthquake 2001年日本大地震中企业的灾害脆弱性
Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-2867(03)00007-X
Stephanie E Chang, Anthony Falit-Baiamonte
{"title":"Disaster vulnerability of businesses in the 2001 Nisqually earthquake","authors":"Stephanie E Chang,&nbsp;Anthony Falit-Baiamonte","doi":"10.1016/S1464-2867(03)00007-X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1464-2867(03)00007-X","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper examines the impacts of the February, 2001, Nisqually earthquake on businesses. Focusing on two hard-hit business districts in Seattle, the study investigates the extent of losses, patterns of disparities, and underlying loss factors. A conceptual framework is proposed of how business vulnerability dimensions contribute to disaster loss. Interviews were conducted with owners and managers of 107 businesses. Data were gathered on impacts, methods of finance, and disaster preparedness. Results showed that business losses were much greater than what standard statistical data would imply. Analysis found that a composite index of vulnerability—based on business sector, size, and building occupancy tenure—provides a very powerful predictor of business loss. Physical damage was a much weaker predictor of loss. Moreover, business recovery was influenced not only by characteristics of the business itself, but also by conditions in the neighborhood.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100587,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 59-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1464-2867(03)00007-X","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136553433","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Predicting long-term business recovery from disaster: a comparison of the Loma Prieta earthquake and Hurricane Andrew1 预测灾难后的长期商业复苏:洛马普列塔地震和安德鲁飓风的比较
Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards Pub Date : 2002-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S1464-2867(03)00005-6
Gary R Webb , Kathleen J Tierney , James M Dahlhamer
{"title":"Predicting long-term business recovery from disaster: a comparison of the Loma Prieta earthquake and Hurricane Andrew1","authors":"Gary R Webb ,&nbsp;Kathleen J Tierney ,&nbsp;James M Dahlhamer","doi":"10.1016/S1464-2867(03)00005-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1464-2867(03)00005-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper examines long-term recovery outcomes of businesses impacted by major natural disasters. Data were collected via two large-scale mail surveys—one administered to Santa Cruz County, California businesses 8 years after the Loma Prieta earthquake and the other administered to businesses in South Dade County, Florida, 6 years after Hurricane Andrew. Based on the results of OLS regression models, we argue that long-term recovery experiences of businesses are affected by various factors, including the economic sector in which a business operates, its age and financial condition, and the scope of its primary market; direct and indirect disaster impacts, including physical damage, forced closure, and disruption of operations; and owner perceptions of the broader economic climate. Previous disaster experience, level of disaster preparedness, and use of external sources of aid were not found to significantly affect the long-term economic viability of businesses in the two study communities.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100587,"journal":{"name":"Global Environmental Change Part B: Environmental Hazards","volume":"4 2","pages":"Pages 45-58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1464-2867(03)00005-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136553435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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