Hong Zhou, E. Gabazza, T. Sano, Y. Adachi, Koji Suzuki
{"title":"Prothrombin promotes the invasiveness of melanoma cells by a different mechanism from thrombin","authors":"Hong Zhou, E. Gabazza, T. Sano, Y. Adachi, Koji Suzuki","doi":"10.1054/FIPR.2000.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/FIPR.2000.0040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The migration of tumor cells through the extravascular matrix is a crucial step in the process of tumor invasion and metastasis. It has been recognized that activation of blood coagulation may contribute to the growth and the invasive behavior of tumor cells. We have previously found that prothrombin and its derivative, fragment 1, bind to and stimulate the motility of melanoma cells by a different mechanism from thrombin. The present study showed that prothrombin and fragment 1 also significantly increase the invasive ability of melanoma cells in an in vitro matrigel system by a different mechanism from thrombin. The optimal concentration of each factor for stimulating invasiveness of tumor M2 cells was between 0.5~1 μM. The M2 cells with highly metastatic potential showed strong invasive ability compared to the CL10 cells with low metastatic potential in the presence of the same concentrations of each factor. Hirudin inhibited the stimulatory activity of thrombin but not that of prothrombin or fragment 1 on the invasive ability of M2 cells. The activity of plasmin and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) was significantly increased in conditioned media from M2 cells stimulated with thrombin, prothrombin or fragment 1; hirudin inhibited the stimulative activity of thrombin but not that of prothrombin or fragment 1. Western blot analysis showed that thrombin increases the generation of the active forms of gelatinase A on the surface of M2 cells; hirudin inhibited this stimulative activity of thrombin. Prothrombin also increases the active forms of gelatinase A, but hirudin did not inhibit this effect of prothrombin. The results of this study suggest that prothrombin enhances the invasiveness of melanoma cells in vitro by a mechanism different from thrombin.","PeriodicalId":100526,"journal":{"name":"Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis","volume":"59 1","pages":"272-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89041436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Subject index to Volume 13","authors":"","doi":"10.1054/fipr.2000.0049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/fipr.2000.0049","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100526,"journal":{"name":"Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 279-281"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/fipr.2000.0049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71824203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Urano, H. Ihara, Yasuhiro Suzuki, N. Nagai, Y. Takada, A. Takada
{"title":"Soluble thrombomodulin quenches thrombin-mediated neutralization of PAI-1 activity and inhibits fibrinolysis through a TAFI independent mechanism","authors":"T. Urano, H. Ihara, Yasuhiro Suzuki, N. Nagai, Y. Takada, A. Takada","doi":"10.1054/FIPR.2000.0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/FIPR.2000.0041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: To evaluate the effect of thrombomodulin on thrombin-mediated neutralization of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAl-1) activity which results in the enhancement of the fibrinolytic activity. Design: We studied the effect of recombinant human soluble TM (rhs TM) on the interaction between human thrombin and PAI-1. Its subsequent effect on tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-induced lysis of PAl-1 enriched fibrin clot was also evaluated. Results: rhsTM abolished the high molecular weight complex formation between thrombin and PAl-1 and quenched the neutralization of PAl-1 activity by thrombin in a dose-dependent manner. rhsTM also caused dose-dependent inhibition of tPA-induced lysis of PAl-1 enriched fibrin clots in a purified system, which had been shown to be accelerated by increasing concentration of thrombin by neutralizing PAl-1 activity. This inhibition was not observed when PAl-1 was not present in the fibrin clot. Euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT), which is determined by the balance between tPA and PAl-1, was prolonged by rhsTM. This prolongation was partially abolished by anti-PAl-1 polyclonal IgG, but was unaffected by potato carboxyl peptidase inhibitor. Conclusion: The inhibition of thrombin-dependent enhancement of fibrinolysis by TM appears to involve a mechanism of quenching of thrombin-mediated neutralization of PAl-1 activity which is independent of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFl).","PeriodicalId":100526,"journal":{"name":"Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis","volume":"90 1","pages":"264-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91527000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of the plasminogen activation system and the matrix metalloproteinases in normal and atherosclerotic human vessels","authors":"M.J. Wijnberg, J. Slomp, J.H. Verheijen","doi":"10.1054/fipr.1999.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/fipr.1999.0044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this study we examined the localization of the plasminogen activation system and the matrix metalloproteinases in normal human arteries, arteries with diffuse intimal thickenings and atherosclerotic arteries. We found that MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 did not stain differently in normal arteries, arteries with intimal thickening and atherosclerotic arteries. MMP-9 staining was, however, increased in atherosclerotic arteries as compared to normal arteries and arteries with diffuse intimal thickening. For u-PA there were no differences between normal arteries, arteries with intimal thickening and atherosclerotic arteries. t-PA staining was decreased in the media of atherosclerotic arteries as compared to both normal and intima-thickened arteries. In contrast, PAI-1 staining was elevated in the intima of atherosclerotic arteries as compared to the media. While u-PAR was elevated in the intima of arteries with intimal thickening, staining was weaker in the intima of atherosclerotic arteries, as compared to the intima of normal arteries. These results suggest that both the plasminogen activation system and the MMP system might be involved in the process of atherosclerosis most likely in different steps and stages in this process.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100526,"journal":{"name":"Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 252-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/fipr.1999.0044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71824432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
T. Urano , H. Ihara , Y. Suzuki , N. Nagai , Y. Takada , A. Takada
{"title":"Soluble thrombomodulin quenches thrombin-mediated neutralization of PAI-1 activity and inhibits fibrinolysis through a TAFI independent mechanism","authors":"T. Urano , H. Ihara , Y. Suzuki , N. Nagai , Y. Takada , A. Takada","doi":"10.1054/fipr.2000.0041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/fipr.2000.0041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><em>Objective:</em> To evaluate the effect of thrombomodulin on thrombin-mediated neutralization of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAl-1) activity which results in the enhancement of the fibrinolytic activity.</p><p><em>Design:</em> We studied the effect of recombinant human soluble TM (rhs TM) on the interaction between human thrombin and PAI-1. Its subsequent effect on tissue plasminogen activator (tPA)-induced lysis of PAl-1 enriched fibrin clot was also evaluated.</p><p><em>Results:</em> rhsTM abolished the high molecular weight complex formation between thrombin and PAl-1 and quenched the neutralization of PAl-1 activity by thrombin in a dose-dependent manner. rhsTM also caused dose-dependent inhibition of tPA-induced lysis of PAl-1 enriched fibrin clots in a purified system, which had been shown to be accelerated by increasing concentration of thrombin by neutralizing PAl-1 activity. This inhibition was not observed when PAl-1 was not present in the fibrin clot. Euglobulin clot lysis time (ECLT), which is determined by the balance between tPA and PAl-1, was prolonged by rhsTM. This prolongation was partially abolished by anti-PAl-1 polyclonal IgG, but was unaffected by potato carboxyl peptidase inhibitor.</p><p><em>Conclusion:</em> The inhibition of thrombin-dependent enhancement of fibrinolysis by TM appears to involve a mechanism of quenching of thrombin-mediated neutralization of PAl-1 activity which is independent of thrombin activatable fibrinolysis inhibitor (TAFl).</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100526,"journal":{"name":"Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 264-271"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/fipr.2000.0041","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71824201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Immunohistochemical analysis of the plasminogen activation system and the matrix metalloproteinases in normal and atherosclerotic human vessels","authors":"M. Wijnberg, J. Slomp, J. Verheijen","doi":"10.1054/FIPR.1999.0044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/FIPR.1999.0044","url":null,"abstract":"In this study we examined the localization of the plasminogen activation system and the matrix metalloproteinases in normal human arteries, arteries with diffuse intimal thickenings and atherosclerotic arteries. We found that MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 did not stain differently in normal arteries, arteries with intimal thickening and atherosclerotic arteries. MMP- 9 staining was, however, increased in atherosclerotic arteries as compared to normal arteries and arteries with diffuse intimal thickening. For u-PA there were no differences between normal arteries, arteries with intimal thickening and atherosclerotic arteries, t-PA staining was decreased in the media of atherosclerotic arteries as compared to both normal and intima-thickened arteries. In contrast, PAI-1 staining was elevated in the intima of atherosclerotic arteries as compared to the media. While u-PAR was elevated in the intima of arteries with intimal thickening, staining was weaker in the intima of atherosclerotic arteries, as compared to the intima of normal arteries. These results suggest that both the plasminogen activation system and the MMP system might be involved in the process of atherosclerosis most likely in different steps and stages in this process. (C) 1999 Harcourt Publishers Ltd.","PeriodicalId":100526,"journal":{"name":"Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis","volume":"259 ","pages":"252-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91466147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Noël, K. Bajou, V. Masson, L. Devy, F. Frankenne, J. Rakic, V. Lambert, P. Carmeliet, J. Foidart
{"title":"Regulation of cancer invasion and vascularization by plasminogen activator inhibitor-1","authors":"A. Noël, K. Bajou, V. Masson, L. Devy, F. Frankenne, J. Rakic, V. Lambert, P. Carmeliet, J. Foidart","doi":"10.1054/FIPR.2000.0043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/FIPR.2000.0043","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Acquisition of invasive/metastatic potential through protease expression is a key event in tumor progression. The proteolytic enzyme plasmin is generated from the precursor plasminogen by the action of urokinase-type plasminogen activator (urokinase, uPA) or tissue-type plasminogen activator (tPA). Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 or PAI-1 is the main inhibitor of uPA and tPA. High levels of components of this proteolytic system, including uPA and its cell surface receptor (uPAR), have been correlated with a poor prognosis for different cancers. It was therefore anticipated that PAI-1 expression would be associated with favorable outcome. Paradoxically, high rather than low PAI-1 levels predict poor survival of patients suffering from a variety of cancers. Recent observations indicate a much more complex role of PAI-1 in tumor progression and angiogenesis than initially expected. The exact mechanisms of this multifunctional molecule remain puzzling.","PeriodicalId":100526,"journal":{"name":"Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis","volume":"2012 1","pages":"220-225"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86425786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A link between integrins and MMPs in angiogenesis","authors":"S. Silletti, D.A. Cheresh","doi":"10.1054/fipr.2000.0042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/fipr.2000.0042","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100526,"journal":{"name":"Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 226-238"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/fipr.2000.0042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71824425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pro-inflammatory effect of oestrogens","authors":"C. Kluft","doi":"10.1054/fipr.2000.0045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/fipr.2000.0045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100526,"journal":{"name":"Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 217-219"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/fipr.2000.0045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71824200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
H. Zhou , E.C. Gabazza , T. Sano , Y. Adachi , K. Suzuki
{"title":"Prothrombin promotes the invasiveness of melanoma cells by a different mechanism from thrombin","authors":"H. Zhou , E.C. Gabazza , T. Sano , Y. Adachi , K. Suzuki","doi":"10.1054/fipr.2000.0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1054/fipr.2000.0040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The migration of tumor cells through the extravascular matrix is a crucial step in the process of tumor invasion and metastasis. It has been recognized that activation of blood coagulation may contribute to the growth and the invasive behavior of tumor cells. We have previously found that prothrombin and its derivative, fragment 1, bind to and stimulate the motility of melanoma cells by a different mechanism from thrombin. The present study showed that prothrombin and fragment 1 also significantly increase the invasive ability of melanoma cells in an in vitro matrigel system by a different mechanism from thrombin. The optimal concentration of each factor for stimulating invasiveness of tumor M2 cells was between 0.5~1 μM. The M2 cells with highly metastatic potential showed strong invasive ability compared to the CL10 cells with low metastatic potential in the presence of the same concentrations of each factor. Hirudin inhibited the stimulatory activity of thrombin but not that of prothrombin or fragment 1 on the invasive ability of M2 cells. The activity of plasmin and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) was significantly increased in conditioned media from M2 cells stimulated with thrombin, prothrombin or fragment 1; hirudin inhibited the stimulative activity of thrombin but not that of prothrombin or fragment 1. Western blot analysis showed that thrombin increases the generation of the active forms of gelatinase A on the surface of M2 cells; hirudin inhibited this stimulative activity of thrombin. Prothrombin also increases the active forms of gelatinase A, but hirudin did not inhibit this effect of prothrombin. The results of this study suggest that prothrombin enhances the invasiveness of melanoma cells in vitro by a mechanism different from thrombin.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100526,"journal":{"name":"Fibrinolysis and Proteolysis","volume":"13 6","pages":"Pages 272-278"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1054/fipr.2000.0040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71824202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}