{"title":"Bidirectional carbon emission flow analysis for the high-penetration renewable energy systems with distributed energy resources","authors":"Hanbing Zhang, Jichao Ye, Xinwei Hu, Hui Huang, Xinhua Wu, Yonghai Xu, Yuxie Zhou","doi":"10.1049/enc2.70019","DOIUrl":"10.1049/enc2.70019","url":null,"abstract":"<p>High-penetration renewable energy systems (HPRES) are characterized by the extensive deployment of distributed energy resources (DERs), such as the grid-side independent storage, consumer-side distributed storage, and the combination of consumer-side distributed storage with distributed photovoltaics and wind turbines. Additionally, numerous DERs interacting with the grid significantly vary the operating characteristics of the grid. These changes introduce significant complexity in the analysis of carbon emissions, thereby necessitating advanced methodologies to accurately capture and manage the impact of these DERs on the overall carbon footprint of the power system. This study presents a novel methodology for accurately quantifying the distribution of carbon emissions in power systems comprising DERs. To the underlying concept of this approach is the quantification of the carbon emission characteristics, which is achieved by analysing the carbon emission intensity specific to various DERs. We further analyse the impact of these entities on the flow of electricity carbon emissions. To comprehensively address these dynamics, we develop a bidirectional electricity carbon emission flow model corresponding to the unique attributes of the emerging HPRES. To demonstrate the viability and effectiveness of the proposed approach, we perform a simulation based on the modified IEEE 39-bus system, along with a comparison with the original carbon-emission flow model. The findings of this study contribute significantly to research on the demand response, power grid planning, and low-carbon operations.</p>","PeriodicalId":100467,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Economics","volume":"6 4","pages":"213-224"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/enc2.70019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Credible capacity forming of a VPP with wind, solar, and storage resources","authors":"Chaojie Li, Shijin Tian, Jiang Dai, Siran Peng, Silin Zhu, Youquan Jiang, Ruyue Guo","doi":"10.1049/enc2.70015","DOIUrl":"10.1049/enc2.70015","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The credible capacity formation is a critical task in the design of a virtual power plant (VPP) and serves as the foundation for maintaining stability between the VPP and the power grid. In this study, an optimal configuration method for distributed generations (DGs) for units within a VPP is proposed, based on the concept of credible capacity. The expected energy not served (EENS) is used as the system reliability index to evaluate the credible capacity of the VPP. To optimize the benefit function of cooperative operation between the VPP and the power grid, cooperative game theory is applied to configure the capacities of the VPP's DG resources—namely, wind, solar, and storage units. Multiple scenarios of EENS and credible capacity were analysed to validate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results demonstrate that the method can successfully achieve credible capacity for a VPP by optimally configuring the capacities of individual DG units.</p>","PeriodicalId":100467,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Economics","volume":"6 4","pages":"256-267"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/enc2.70015","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pricing-based coordinated scheduling for multiple EV charging stations considering capacity prediction and service radius","authors":"Haixin Wang, Siyu Chen, Jiahui Yuan, Mingchao Xia, Zhe Chen, Gen Li, Komla Agbenyo Folly, Yunzhi Lin, Yiming Ma, Junyou Yang","doi":"10.1049/enc2.70018","DOIUrl":"10.1049/enc2.70018","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Electric vehicle (EV) charging station scheduling can maximize profits by optimizing charging prices. Many existing scheduling methods emphasize aggregator profits and still have limited consideration of inter-station coordination and the dynamic service radius. The prediction accuracy of schedulable capacity indirectly affects the profits of aggregators. In addition, the prediction accuracy of schedulable capacity is affected by the uncertainty of station selection, which has also been neglected. To address these issues, a pricing-based coordinated scheduling framework for multiple charging stations is proposed. The propose framework incorporates a dynamic service radius and schedulable capacity prediction models. The framework includes an analysis of EV station selection behaviour under joint decision-making and the development of a dynamic service radius model for charging stations. Additionally, a schedulable capacity prediction model is constructed by integrating physical modelling with a data-driven approach based on long short-term memory networks. Compared with the peak-valley pricing-based schedule method and Stackelberg-based pricing method, the aggregator profit is enhanced by the application of the proposed framework.</p>","PeriodicalId":100467,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Economics","volume":"6 4","pages":"225-236"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/enc2.70018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144905522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Kaile Zeng, Si Zhang, Yunchu Wang, Jieyang Ye, Xinyue Jiang, Zhenzhi Lin, Li Yang
{"title":"Optimal power purchase decision-making for receiving-end power system considering uncertainties in two-level inter-provincial and intra-provincial electricity markets","authors":"Kaile Zeng, Si Zhang, Yunchu Wang, Jieyang Ye, Xinyue Jiang, Zhenzhi Lin, Li Yang","doi":"10.1049/enc2.70021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1049/enc2.70021","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, an optimal power procurement decision-making model for the receiving-end power system considering uncertainties in two-level inter-provincial and intra-provincial markets is proposed. The model aims to achieve secure and economically efficient system dispatch under market coordination, ensuring rational resource utilization and intra-provincial supply-demand balance. First, a decision-making framework is established to mitigate renewable energy output fluctuations and enhance overall supply reliability under these two-level uncertainties. Second, leveraging scenario generation for inter-provincial market participant behavior uncertainties and introducing a fluctuation coefficient, an optimal procurement model based on information gap decision theory (IGDT) is developed to handle intra-provincial wind and solar power output uncertainty. Finally, the model is empirically validated using actual transaction data from a provincial receiving-end system in East China. Results demonstrate that increased inter-provincial bidding pressure and greater intra-provincial renewable output fluctuations both elevate system power supply costs. Crucially, the proposed model effectively quantifies the impact of uncertainty factors, enhancing the robustness of power procurement decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":100467,"journal":{"name":"Energy Conversion and Economics","volume":"6 5","pages":"281-294"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ietresearch.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1049/enc2.70021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145399022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}