EAU-EBU Update Series最新文献

WITHDRAWN: Conservative Treatment of Patients with Neurogenic Bladder 撤回:保守治疗神经源性膀胱患者

EAU-EBU Update Series Pub Date : 2008-02-20 DOI: 10.1016/J.EEUS.2008.01.002

J. Wyndaele

引用次数: 0

WITHDRAWN: Genetically Engineered Mouse Models of Prostate Cancer 撤回:前列腺癌的基因工程小鼠模型

EAU-EBU Update Series Pub Date : 2008-02-13 DOI: 10.1016/J.EEUS.2008.01.001

M. Nawijn, A. Bergman, H. Poel

引用次数: 0

WITHDRAWN: Single Prostatic Cancer Foci on Prostate Biopsy 撤回:前列腺活检的单一前列腺癌灶

EAU-EBU Update Series Pub Date : 2007-12-03 DOI: 10.1016/J.EEUS.2007.09.002

T. Kwast, T. H. Kwast, T. Wolters, A. Evans, M. Roobol

引用次数: 0

Answers to the CME Questions Published in EAU-EBU Update Series Volume 5, Issue 5 CME问题解答发表于eu - ebu更新系列第5卷第5期

EAU-EBU Update Series Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeus.2007.09.001

引用次数: 0

Managing Complications after Midurethral Sling for Stress Urinary Incontinence 中尿道吊带治疗压力性尿失禁后并发症的处理

EAU-EBU Update Series Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeus.2007.07.004

Elisabetta Costantini, Massimo Lazzeri, Massimo Porena

引用次数: 31

Sentinel Node Evaluation in Prostate Cancer 前列腺癌前哨淋巴结评估

EAU-EBU Update Series Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeus.2007.07.003

Willem Meinhardt

{"title":"Sentinel Node Evaluation in Prostate Cancer","authors":"Willem Meinhardt","doi":"10.1016/j.eeus.2007.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeus.2007.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>Provide an overview of the use of the sentinel node<span> (SN) technique in prostate carcinoma. The relevance of nodal staging in the several stages of prostate carcinoma, technical aspects of the SN technique, indications, and lessons learned from it are discussed.</span></p></div><div><h3>Introduction</h3><p>The lymph node status is relevant in all M0 tumour stages. In early prostate cancer<span> the changes of nodal involvement are so low that invasive diagnostics<span> are superfluous. However, the definition of this early stage is narrowing since the results of extensive node dissection have shown that previously assumed low-risk patients may harbour positive lymph nodes. On the other hand, in locally advanced cases, if the decision for external-beam radiation on the lymph node basins in combination with radiation of the prostate and 3 yr of hormonal therapy has been made, a lymph node dissection seems superfluous.</span></span></p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p><span>SN dissection may be performed in open surgery or as a laparoscopic technique. A radioactive tracer is injected into the prostate and on γ-camera imaging it is decided which lymph nodes are the possible first landing zones for the </span>prostate tumour. During the radioguided surgery, the excision of the SNs, a handheld γ probe is used to identify the radioactive nodes. On introducing the method in a clinic, it is important to do a conformal extensive pelvic lymph node dissection as well to ensure that logistics and the performance are reliable.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>SN dissection is as reliable as a diagnostic tool as extended pelvic lymph node dissection. Because it may show cancer-bearing nodes outside of the region of the extended lymph node dissection, such as the presacral area, it may on occasion be even more sensitive.</p></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><p>The SN technique is likely to have fewer complications compared to the extended lymph node dissection. On the other hand, an extended lymph node dissection may still be indicated when the SN procedure yields only a few positive lymph nodes and definite cure is still the aim. Weighing the advantages and disadvantages of the laparoscopic versus the open SN technique is not different than in any other procedure. In the near future, sophisticated imaging techniques<span> will identify nodes that are suspicious for micrometastases. This will make minimal invasive methods to confirm the nodal status not superfluous, but more in demand.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>When the nodal stage is important for treatment decisions, only extended dissections or the SN method will provide accurate staging. The SN procedure is less invasive and will avoid an extensive node dissection in the majority of cases.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100386,"journal":{"name":"EAU-EBU Update Series","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 223-231"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.eeus.2007.07.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85797938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

The Challenge of the Overactive Bladder: From Laboratory to New Drugs 膀胱过度活动的挑战:从实验室到新药

EAU-EBU Update Series Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeus.2007.08.002

Massimo Lazzeri , Massimo Porena

{"title":"The Challenge of the Overactive Bladder: From Laboratory to New Drugs","authors":"Massimo Lazzeri , Massimo Porena","doi":"10.1016/j.eeus.2007.08.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeus.2007.08.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span><span>Antimuscarinic agents are currently the first-line therapy for </span>overactive bladder (OAB). Many urologists believe the pharmacologic management of OAB is not altogether satisfactory. Pharmacologic research is trying to provide answers to the issues of efficacy, tolerability, and convenience of new </span>drugs<span><span>. This paper discusses the rationale underlying the development of new compounds, provides an update of progress in the search for new therapies for OAB, and tracks their translation into clinical practice. It offers an insight into the mechanism of action, efficacy, side-effects, and “market status” of several drug categories targeting the central nervous system (adrenoceptor modulators, serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors, </span>tachykinin modulators, opioids), </span></span>neuromuscular blocking agents<span> (botulinum toxin A), selective modulators of the afferent branch of micturition reflex (vanilloid, nociceptin/orphanin FQ), autonomic nervous system modulators (β</span></span><sub>3</sub>-agonists), potassium and calcium channel openers, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100386,"journal":{"name":"EAU-EBU Update Series","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 250-258"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.eeus.2007.08.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89755428","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Prostate Biopsy: The Transperineal Approach 前列腺活检:经会阴入路

EAU-EBU Update Series Pub Date : 2007-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeus.2007.08.001

Antonio Galfano , Giacomo Novara , Massimo Iafrate , Marco Cosentino , Stefano Cavalleri , Walter Artibani , Vincenzo Ficarra

{"title":"Prostate Biopsy: The Transperineal Approach","authors":"Antonio Galfano , Giacomo Novara , Massimo Iafrate , Marco Cosentino , Stefano Cavalleri , Walter Artibani , Vincenzo Ficarra","doi":"10.1016/j.eeus.2007.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeus.2007.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><p><span>Review the literature concerning transperineal transrectal ultrasound (TRUS)-guided </span>prostate biopsy (PBx), providing an update on the topic.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The literature review was performed using PubMed through a free text search strategy. The authors reviewed the abstracts of the retrieved records to select the relevant papers.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p><span>The search retrieved 196 records; 68 were relevant to the issue. No high-level evidence recommends a particular kind of preparation/prophylaxis for transperineal PBx. It can be performed with a brachytherapy<span><span> template under general or spinal anesthesia, or with a local periprostatic nerve block through a single-access fan technique. In the former case, up to 50 cores are obtained; in the latter, 12–26 cores. </span>Prostate cancer<span> detection rates range from 24% to 51%, with figures of 27–49% in patients undergoing their first PBx for a prostate-specific antigen level of 4–10</span></span></span> <!-->ng/ml. Such percentages are directly related to the number of cores obtained. In repeat biopsy and in prostates > 50 cc, the number of cores should be increased, paying particular attention in sampling the anterior zone. Among the studies comparing transrectal and transperineal PBx, only two demonstrated differences in detection rates in favor of the transperineal approach. Major complications are rare, with fever occurring in 0–5.2% and hospitalization in 0–1.4% of cases.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Transperineal TRUS-guided PBx is a safe procedure, with high detection rates and wide applications both in first and in repeat sampling. Although having a strong rationale, the transperineal approach has so far not resulted in higher detection rates than transrectal biopsies.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100386,"journal":{"name":"EAU-EBU Update Series","volume":"5 6","pages":"Pages 241-249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.eeus.2007.08.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77735155","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 28

Oral Mucosa Harvest: An Overview of Anatomic and Biologic Considerations 口腔粘膜收获:解剖学和生物学考虑的概述

EAU-EBU Update Series Pub Date : 2007-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeus.2007.05.002

Michael R. Markiewicz , Joseph E. Margarone III , Guido Barbagli , Frank A. Scannapieco

{"title":"Oral Mucosa Harvest: An Overview of Anatomic and Biologic Considerations","authors":"Michael R. Markiewicz , Joseph E. Margarone III , Guido Barbagli , Frank A. Scannapieco","doi":"10.1016/j.eeus.2007.05.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeus.2007.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>The authors review the biologic characteristics of the oral mucosa. In addition, the authors report a contemporary harvesting technique of the oral mucosa for urethral transplantation, using biologically sound principles, modified by current literature.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>We reviewed pertinent English literature from January 1966 through January 1, 2007 regarding the biologic properties of the oral mucosa.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The oral mucosa is made up of a thick, nonkeratinized, squamous cell epithelium<span>, overlying a thin lamina propia. It hosts a number of microorganisms, yet, the tissue's inflammatory response to these organisms is minimal. There are multiple immunologic processes intrinsic to the oral mucosa that makes it impervious to native oral flora colonization. Histologic studies have demonstrated that the oral mucosa is highly compatible with the urethral recipient site, at times being indistinguishable from the surrounding tissue. The harvesting surgeon should closely inspect the oral mucosa for any abnormalities prior to considering harvest. Wound healing in the oral mucosa is ameliorated by sound surgical principles, yet is mediated by biologic processes beyond the surgeon's control. When harvesting oral mucosa, the surgeon is advised to stay well away from pertinent anatomic landmarks to defer any aesthetic or functional defect to the donor site.</span></p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Success of the oral mucosa graft for urethral surgery can be partially attributed to the tissue's biologic properties. When harvesting the tissue, anatomic landmarks should be considered to provide the best possible treatment for the patient while minimizing morbidity to the donor site.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100386,"journal":{"name":"EAU-EBU Update Series","volume":"5 5","pages":"Pages 179-187"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.eeus.2007.05.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85255530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 71

Pelvic Osteotomy in the Modern Treatment of the Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex 骨盆截骨术在现代治疗外翻-上睑肌复合体中的应用

EAU-EBU Update Series Pub Date : 2007-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.eeus.2007.07.002

J. Todd Purves, John P. Gearhart

{"title":"Pelvic Osteotomy in the Modern Treatment of the Exstrophy-Epispadias Complex","authors":"J. Todd Purves, John P. Gearhart","doi":"10.1016/j.eeus.2007.07.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.eeus.2007.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The role of the pelvic osteotomy<span> at the time of bladder exstrophy<span><span><span><span> closure has been better defined over the past three decades. Modern radiographic imaging provides greater insight into the pelvic bony and muscular defects encountered with these children and has forced surgeons to reconsider the importance of reconstructive efforts beyond the genitourinary tract. Surgical series from several of the world's specialist centers clearly identify the use of </span>osteotomy as a positive predictor for overall success of the management provided to these patients. Osteotomies decrease the tension placed on the soft tissues at the time of initial closure, thereby decreasing the risk of early dehiscence or prolapse. Long-term studies have discovered benefits with respect to </span>urinary<span> continence<span> and orthopedic function when efforts have been made to restore the anatomic integrity of the pelvic muscles and bones. This review summarizes the most current knowledge of </span></span></span>anatomy in classic bladder exstrophy and suggests the indications, methods, and expected outcomes for the use of pelvic osteotomies during bladder exstrophy closure. Most of this report derives from the authors’ experience with the modern staged repair of exstrophy at the Johns Hopkins Hospital. However, the benefits of pelvic osteotomies at the time of closure should extend to all patients, regardless of the specific genitourinary reconstructive strategy chosen.</span></span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100386,"journal":{"name":"EAU-EBU Update Series","volume":"5 5","pages":"Pages 188-196"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2007-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.eeus.2007.07.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87434961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15