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DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis最新文献

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Colitis ulcerosa 溃疡性结肠炎
DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis Pub Date : 2011-04-01 Epub Date: 2011-03-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.03.007
Ulrike Melle , Ulrich Rosien , Peter Layer , Volker Groß
{"title":"Colitis ulcerosa","authors":"Ulrike Melle ,&nbsp;Ulrich Rosien ,&nbsp;Peter Layer ,&nbsp;Volker Groß","doi":"10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.03.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.03.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Ulcerative colitis is a chronic inflammatory disease of the colon mucosa which always starts in the rectum; depending on how far the disease extends proximally, it is classified as proctitis, proctosigmoiditis, left-sided, subtotal or total pancolitis (sometimes with backwash ileitis). The cardinal symptoms are peranal hemorrhage, diarrhea and evacuations of small stool quantities with tenesmus. Ulcerative colitis is an intermittent disease with a high risk of recurrence, and remission can take from weeks to years. The diagnosis is based on the clinical picture and the endoscopic findings; additional microbiological examinations are indicated for the differential diagnosis in acute diarrhea.</p><p>Medical therapy includes 5-ASA and SASP preparations, beclomethasone, budesonide and prednisone. Immunosuppressive therapy is indicated in steroid-refractory and chronic active disease; therapy options for severe episodes are corticosteroids, cyclosporine A, azathioprine, tacrolimus, infliximab and adalimumab. Potential complications include toxic megacolon, colon perforation, hemorrhage, thromboembolic complications, osteoporosis, CMV superinfection, intestinal scarring, colon carcinoma and primary sclerosing cholangitis. Surgical therapy is indicated for severe treatment-resistant episodes, megacolon, perforation, refractory bleeding, dysplasia of the colon mucosa or chronic active disease. Under adequate therapy, the mortality nowadays amounts to &lt;1–2%.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100380,"journal":{"name":"DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis","volume":"2 1","pages":"Pages 43-48"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.03.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72283245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
DoctorConsult: Call for Papers DoctorConsult：论文征集
DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis Pub Date : 2011-04-01 Epub Date: 2011-03-29 DOI: 10.1016/S1879-4122(11)00034-5
{"title":"DoctorConsult: Call for Papers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1879-4122(11)00034-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/S1879-4122(11)00034-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100380,"journal":{"name":"DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis","volume":"2 1","pages":"Page ii"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/S1879-4122(11)00034-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72283241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Bauchschmerzen: Chirurgischer Zugang/Akutes Abdomen 腹痛手术/针刺腹部
DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis Pub Date : 2011-04-01 DOI: 10.1016/J.DCJWKP.2011.03.003
K. Homayounfar
{"title":"Bauchschmerzen: Chirurgischer Zugang/Akutes Abdomen","authors":"K. Homayounfar","doi":"10.1016/J.DCJWKP.2011.03.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/J.DCJWKP.2011.03.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100380,"journal":{"name":"DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis","volume":"19 1","pages":"23-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85085462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Akute Bronchitis
DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.004
Christoph Tannhof
{"title":"Akute Bronchitis","authors":"Christoph Tannhof","doi":"10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Acute bronchitis is one of the most frequent diagnoses made by family doctors and occurs in circa 5% of adults per year, cumulating during winter and autumn. Diagnosis is made purely clinically. Predominant symptoms are cough, fever, headache and pain in the limbs as well as general malaise. It can be concluded that the underlying cause is usually a viral infection. Antibiotic therapy as a routine treatment is currently not recommended as it shortens the course of the disease only marginally. Treatment is purely symptomatical, with no evidence of the usefulness of mycolytic or antitussive agents. Patients who suffer from obstruction may benefit from beta-mimetics. If symptoms last longer than three weeks, other diseases should be taken into consideration. The main differential diagnosis is pneumonia. It should be taken into account that patients show an increased prevalence for developing chronic bronchitis or bronchial asthma.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100380,"journal":{"name":"DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages e213-e215"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87342798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Rheumatisches Fieber 风湿热
DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.11.007
Markus Flesch
{"title":"Rheumatisches Fieber","authors":"Markus Flesch","doi":"10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.11.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.11.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease are caused by an auto-immune reaction that occurs following a Group A streptococcal infection. Prevalence of rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease has notably decreased in industrialised countries in the past 50 years. Both diseases mainly affect children and adolescents. The exact pathomechanism is not yet known. Following an infection with haemolytic Group A streptococcals typical signs and symptoms occur which can be divided into major and minor criteria after Jones. Major criteria include carditis, polyarthritis, Sydenham's chorea, erythema marginatum, and subcutaneous nodules. Minor criteria include fever, arthralgia, raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C reactive protein as well as leukocytosis. Rheumatic fever can be treated with anti-inflammatory medications such as salicylic acid. It is recommended to treat streptococcal infections with antibiotics within 9 days in order to prevent rheumatic fever and rheumatic heart disease.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100380,"journal":{"name":"DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis","volume":"1 4","pages":"Pages e243-e247"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.11.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91981523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Schilddrüsenkarzinom 甲状腺癌
DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-11-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.012
Burkhard Thiel
{"title":"Schilddrüsenkarzinom","authors":"Burkhard Thiel","doi":"10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Thyroid carcinoma is amongst the more rare tumours. The incidence rate in Germany is at about 2.8 men and 5.8 women per 100,000 inhabitants per year. Most thyroid carcinomas develop from follicle cells (up to 90%) or from parafollicular calcitonin-secreting c-cells (3–5%). The symptoms are non-specific. Most surgical interventions relate to benign thyroid diseases; however, the number of patients with thyroid carcinoma is constantly rising. This may be due to better diagnostics as well as to an increasing willingness to do surgery on thyroid nodules. In many cases, thyroid carcinoma is only spotted histologically after surgery and needs a second procedure. The survival rate of thyroid carcinoma is good due to surgical options and radioiodine therapy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100380,"journal":{"name":"DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages e202-e207"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.012","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136939249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Humane Pocken (Affen-, Kuh- und Yatapocken) 人道天花(猴子、母牛和猴子)
DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.001
Lutz Gürtler
{"title":"Humane Pocken (Affen-, Kuh- und Yatapocken)","authors":"Lutz Gürtler","doi":"10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Pox is the dermatological appearance of a mild to fatal viral infection that affects the whole body. Smallpox is caused by the variola virus which existed in the human population until 1979 and has been wiped out by systematic worldwide immunisation. Nowadays cowpox and monkeypox occasionally occur in human beings. Both cause single lesions of the skin and as an exception a consumptive systemic disease. Immunosuppressed persons are highly receptive for animal poxviruses; fatalities caused by the catpox virus have been reported.</p><p>It is vital to stick to hygiene regulations such as speedy disinfection of contaminated surfaces and objects, 2 m distance to infected persons, and wearing of surgical mask and gloves in order to prevent spreading of poxvirus. Furthermore, it is essential to avoid aerosols in poxvirus infections. Quarantine of patient and, in variola virus, of diagnosing medical staff is necessary. In addition, immunisation with vaccinia virus or, better, with MVA virus which causes fewer side effects is available. Cidofovir effectively inhibits the replication of variola virus and other poxviruses.</p><p>Variola virus is considered a weapon of bioterrorism.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100380,"journal":{"name":"DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages e229-e234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88633472","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hämodynamisches Monitoring 血液动力学监测
DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-11-09 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.008
Stefan Suttner
{"title":"Hämodynamisches Monitoring","authors":"Stefan Suttner","doi":"10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Haemodynamic monitoring is of high importance in the treatment of critically ill patients. It allows to control therapy by the surveillance of cardiovascular functions, and can take place clinically and with a variety of monitoring methods; the invasiveness depending mainly on the patient's concomitant cardiovascular diseases and current haemodynamic status. If the cardiovascular functions are unaffected, non-invasive basic monitoring is sufficient. It consists of ECG recording, non-invasive measurement of blood pressure, and pulse oximetry. In contrast, severe haemodynamic disturbances, due to acute heart failure, sepsis or shock, require invasive, extended haemodynamic monitoring, including measurement of arterial pressure, central venous pressure as well as cardiac output.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100380,"journal":{"name":"DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis","volume":"2 4","pages":"Pages e221-e227"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2011.10.008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136939250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Hyperthyreose
DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2010-12-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.11.006
Renate Pickardt
{"title":"Hyperthyreose","authors":"Renate Pickardt","doi":"10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.11.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.11.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The term „hyperthyroidism“ describes the consequences of an overproduction of thyroid hormones in the body regardless of its cause. The two main disorders are Graves’ disease, an immunogenic hyperthyroidism, and the different varieties of functional autonomy of the thyroid gland. These two causes need to be looked at separately as their pathophysiology, clinic and therapy is different. Overproduction of thyroid hormones can be diagnosed by verifying an increase of freely circulating thyroid hormones while thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) is suppressed. The assignment of thyroid hyperfunction to one of the possible thyroid diseases is made by proof or exclusion of circulating antithyroidal antibodies, an evaluation of tissue texture using ultrasound, or a topography of the thyroid functions with technetium scintigraphy. Basic therapeutical paths include suppression of thyroid hormone synthesis and release with drugs, extirpation of overactive tissue or inactivating overactive tissue with radioiodine therapy. Left untreated, and under long-term influence of excessive iodine supply a thyreotoxic crisis (or thyroid storm) can develop which may lead to death.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100380,"journal":{"name":"DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis","volume":"1 4","pages":"Pages e235-e242"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.11.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92055889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Maschinelle Beatmung 机器呼吸机
DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis Pub Date : 2011-01-01 Epub Date: 2011-01-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.11.003
Uwe Erkens
{"title":"Maschinelle Beatmung","authors":"Uwe Erkens","doi":"10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.11.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Mechanical ventilation is used in patients with impaired pulmonary respiration. It takes over breathing work and helps to enhance oxygenation and to eliminate carbon dioxide. The initiation of respirator treatment is mostly based on respiratory failure which can be caused by malfunction of the lung parenchyma (e.g. in pneumonia or ARDS) or respiratory pump. Mechanical ventilation may only serve to provide assistance for breathing but also clearly pursues clinical as well as physiological goals. The duration of respirator treatment depends on the progress of the underlying disorder and of pulmonary recovery. However, its duration should be kept to a minimum as mechanical ventilation may cause ventilator-induced lung injury.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100380,"journal":{"name":"DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis","volume":"1 4","pages":"Pages e249-e255"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.11.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"137438480","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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