DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis最新文献

筛选

英文中文

Neue Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 2009年新型甲型H1N1流感

DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis Pub Date : 2010-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.01.007

Lutz G. Guertler

{"title":"Neue Influenza A (H1N1) 2009","authors":"Lutz G. Guertler","doi":"10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.01.007","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.01.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In April 2009 a novel influenza virus A H1N1 causing high morbidity and mortality spread first on the plateau of Mexico City subsequently followed by distribution to Texas and California in USA and to Spain; finally within three weeks this influenza virus was worldwide distributed. Its haemagglutinin showed epitope structures that were not recognized by the immune system of children and young adults as a memory response. The pandemic influenza virus consisted of quasispecies with a mixture of genome parts from human, avian, and American and Eurasian swine origin. This new virus caused all symptoms typically for influenza as abrupt onset, fever >39°C, sore throat with all signs of inflammation, myalgia and arthralgia. In summer 2009 all infections in Europe were mild, while until winter there was a higher lethality in Brazil, Mexico and Argentine; but still in winter 2009 in Europe the pathogenic action of the circulating virus was mild. European isolates showed a neuraminidase inhibitor resistance of around 10%. Prevention of spread of the novel influenza virus H1N1 2009 is mainly by hygienic measurements as: avoid contact to infected, distance from infected, hand disinfection, protection of eye and nose mucous membranes, avoid aerosol formation during blowing the nose and sneezing. It is recommended to use single way tissue handkerchiefs and to depose them in a covered waste reservoir. For further prevention of influenza virus transmission three different vaccines are available in Europe since October 2009. This virus or at least some genomic parts will persist in the human population for the next 2 years.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100380,"journal":{"name":"DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 37-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.01.007","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91596522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rektumkarzinom

DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis Pub Date : 2010-03-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.01.005

Wolf Heitland

{"title":"Rektumkarzinom","authors":"Wolf Heitland","doi":"10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.01.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p><span><span><span><span>Rectal cancer is a malign tumor of the rectum. Together with </span>colon cancer it is the second most common malignoma and the second leading cause of cancer-related death in Germany. Especially in Europe and the U.S. incidence is high; on average people who develop rectal cancer are 65 years of age. Risk factors may be genetic disposition, the presence of polyps of the colon, and a diet high in fat and protein and low in dietary fibre. Symptoms include a change in </span>bowel habit<span>, blood in the stool, anaemia with weakness and fatigue, weight loss, and tenesm. Family history, digital rectal exam (DRE) and </span></span>rectoscopy<span> are important for diagnosing rectal cancer. Radiochemotherapy can help in downsizing and downstaging an advanced tumor before resection, and tumor cells can be sterilized by applying neoadjuvant short-time radiotherapy. Surgical treatment can be carried out as open surgery or laparoscopic-assisted. The surrounding mesorectum has to be resected partially (PME) or totally (TME) depending on the tumor location. A temporary stoma is added after deep </span></span>anterior resections<span>. The operating surgeon's abilities have a crucial influence on the prognosis, and survival is directly related to the cancer stage. 20–30% of all patients have synchronous metastases at the time of diagnosis in the liver and/or lung.</span></p></div>","PeriodicalId":100380,"journal":{"name":"DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 23-29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.01.005","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91596520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neue Influenza A (H1N1) 2009 2009年新型甲型H1N1流感

DoctorConsult - The Journal. Wissen für Klinik und Praxis Pub Date : 2010-02-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.dcjwkp.2010.01.007

Lutz G. Guertler

引用次数: 0

首页上一页