Deep Underground Science and Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Research on the bearing capacity characteristics of initial support for horseshoe-shaped tunnel prefabrication","authors":"Yongtao Xue,&nbsp;Fayuan Yan,&nbsp;Chengzhi Qi,&nbsp;Haochen Zhang,&nbsp;Zhao Xiuwang,&nbsp;Chen Jingxu","doi":"10.1002/dug2.12110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dug2.12110","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In view of the limited theoretical research on the load model of initial support for horseshoe-shaped prefabrication, this study focuses on the Luochuan Tunnel on the Xi'an-Yan'an newly built railway as the research object to explore its load model, load characteristic curve, plastic zone, deformation, and critical thickness. Theoretical research and numerical analysis were conducted. The results indicate that under the same boundary conditions, the ultimate bearing capacity of the prefabricated assembly initial support is higher than that of the shotcrete initial support, resulting in larger ultimate deformation capacity of the prefabricated assembly initial support. Based on numerical calculations, the ultimate deformation and critical thickness of the prefabricated initial lining for single- and double-track railway tunnels are obtained when buried at depths of 200, 500, and 900 m in rock masses of classes III, IV, and V.</p>","PeriodicalId":100363,"journal":{"name":"Deep Underground Science and Engineering","volume":"3 4","pages":"426-438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dug2.12110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143252974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geothermo-mechanical alterations due to heat energy extraction in enhanced geothermal systems: Overview and prospective directions","authors":"Mary C. Ngoma,&nbsp;Oladoyin Kolawole,&nbsp;Olufemi Olorode","doi":"10.1002/dug2.12109","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dug2.12109","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Geothermal energy from deep underground (or geological) formations, with or without its combination with carbon capture and storage (CCS), can be a key technology to mitigate anthropogenic greenhouse gas emissions and meet the 2050 net-zero carbon emission target. Geothermal resources in low-permeability and medium- and high-temperature reservoirs in sedimentary sequence require hydraulic stimulation for enhanced geothermal systems (EGS). However, fluid migration for geothermal energy in EGS or with potential CO₂ storage in a CO₂-EGS are both dependent on the in situ flow pathway network created by induced fluid injection. These thermo-mechanical interactions can be complex and induce varying alterations in the mechanical response when the working fluid is water (in EGS) or supercritical CO₂ (in CO₂-EGS), which could impact the geothermal energy recovery from geological formations. Therefore, there is a need for a deeper understanding of the heat extraction process in EGS and CO₂-EGS. This study presents a systematic review of the effects of changes in mechanical properties and behavior of deep underground rocks on the induced flow pathway and heat recovery in EGS reservoirs with or without CO₂ storage in CO₂-EGS. Further, we proposed waterless-stimulated EGS as an alternative approach to improve heat energy extraction in EGS. Lastly, based on the results of our literature review and proposed ideas, we recommend promising areas of investigation that may provide more insights into understanding geothermo-mechanics to further stimulate new research studies and accelerate the development of geothermal energy as a viable clean energy technology.</p>","PeriodicalId":100363,"journal":{"name":"Deep Underground Science and Engineering","volume":"3 3","pages":"256-268"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dug2.12109","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141355637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Numerical study on gas production via a horizontal well from hydrate reservoirs with different slope angles in the South China Sea","authors":"Tingting Luo,&nbsp;Jianlin Song,&nbsp;Xiang Sun,&nbsp;Fanbao Cheng,&nbsp;Madhusudhan Bangalore Narasimha Murthy,&nbsp;Yulu Chen,&nbsp;Yi Zhao,&nbsp;Yongchen Song","doi":"10.1002/dug2.12103","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dug2.12103","url":null,"abstract":"<p>It is important to study the effect of hydrate production on the physical and mechanical properties of low-permeability clayey–silty reservoirs for the large-scale exploitation of hydrate reservoirs in the South China Sea. In this study, a multiphysical-field coupling model, combined with actual exploration drilling data and the mechanical experimental data of hydrate cores in the laboratory, was established to investigate the physical and mechanical properties of low-permeability reservoirs with different slope angles during 5-year hydrate production by the depressurization method via a horizontal well. The result shows that the permeability of reservoirs severely affects gas production rate, and the maximum gas production amount of a 20-m-long horizontal well can reach 186.8 m³/day during the 5-year hydrate production. Reservoirs with smaller slope angles show higher gas production rates. The depressurization propagation and hydrate dissociation mainly develop along the direction parallel to the slope. Besides, the mean effective stress of reservoirs is concentrated in the near-wellbore area with the on-going hydrate production, and gradually decreases with the increase of the slope angle. Different from the effective stress distribution law, the total reservoir settlement amount first decreases and then increases with the increase of the slope angle. The maximum settlement of reservoirs with a 0° slope angle is up to 3.4 m, and the displacement in the near-wellbore area is as high as 2.2 m after 5 years of hydrate production. It is concluded that the pore pressure drop region of low-permeability reservoirs in the South China Sea is limited, and various slope angles further lead to differences in effective stress and strain of reservoirs during hydrate production, resulting in severe uneven settlement of reservoirs.</p>","PeriodicalId":100363,"journal":{"name":"Deep Underground Science and Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"171-181"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dug2.12103","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141272494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small-scale fire tests in the underwater tunnel section model with new sidewall smoke extraction","authors":"Shunyu Yue,&nbsp;Ruifeng Miao,&nbsp;Huihang Cheng,&nbsp;Maohua Zhong,&nbsp;Xiujun Yang","doi":"10.1002/dug2.12102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dug2.12102","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The Shenzhen–Zhongshan Bridge is a 24-km-long bridge and tunnel system, including a 6.8-km-long super cross section subsea tunnel. To solve the smoke exhaust problem of a super large cross-section subsea tunnel, the tunnel has a new smoke exhaust system that combines a horizontal smoke exhaust cross section at the top and sidewall smoke exhaust holes. In order to evaluate the potential fire hazards of this type of tunnel, a 1:30 tunnel model was established and 140 small-scale experiments on underwater tunnel fires were conducted. By changing the fire power, fire location, and fan operation mode, different scenarios of submarine immersed tunnel fire were simulated and the related key parameters such as fire smoke diffusion behavior and smoke temperature distribution were studied. On this basis, the optimal smoke control strategy was proposed for different fire scenarios. The research results indicate that the new smoke exhaust system can fully utilize the smoke flow characteristics, significantly improve smoke exhaust efficiency, and increase available evacuation time, thus further enhancing the fire safety of super large cross-section subsea tunnels.</p>","PeriodicalId":100363,"journal":{"name":"Deep Underground Science and Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"247-254"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dug2.12102","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141326802","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Deep sea mineral resources and underground space as well as infrastructure for sustainable and liveable cities","authors":"Jianguo Wang,&nbsp;Heping Xie,&nbsp;Chunfai Leung,&nbsp;Xiaozhao Li","doi":"10.1002/dug2.12104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dug2.12104","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This issue covers the papers on two special themes: (1) Mineral resources from deep sea—Science and Engineering and (2) Planning and development of underground space and infrastructure for sustainable and liveable cities.</p><p>The special theme of “Mineral resources from deep sea—Science and Engineering” is on the exploration and transport of mineral resources from deep sea. The mineral resources are rich in deep sea and their rational development and utilization can meet the needs of social and economic development. The security and strategy of deep-sea mineral resource exploration are important to the successful development of high-quality marine economy. However, deep-sea science and mineral resource exploitations confront many unknowns. This special theme aims to provide a platform for the exploration and exchange in research and engineering progresses and six papers were received, including four Original Research Papers, one Review Paper, and one Short Communication. The authors are from Australian Catholic University, National University of Singapore, Ocean University of China, China University of Mining and Technology, and so on.</p><p>The idea for this special theme originates from the First Young Scholars Symposium on Deep-Sea Science and Mineral Resources (2022). <i>Deep Underground Science and Engineering</i> (DUSE) collaborated with the conference organizer and launched a call for a special theme: Mineral Resources from Deep Sea—Science and Engineering. Guest Editors of this special theme are Prof. Jianhua Yue (China University of Mining and Technology), Prof. Yonggang Jia (Ocean University of China), Prof. Chunhui Tao (Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, China), Prof. Haiyan Yang (China University of Mining and Technology), Prof. Honglei Shen (China University of Mining and Technology), and Prof. Zhuangcai Tian (China University of Mining and Technology).</p><p>The special theme of “Planning and development of underground space and infrastructure for sustainable and liveable cities” is on city development from the prospects of underground space and infrastructure. The utilization of urban underground space for accommodating urban functions, through developing underground commercial, transport, and public infrastructure, has been a common practice in urban development in past decades. Increased migration of populations to cities brings many urbanization problems, such as inadequate land and infrastructure, air and noise pollution, traffic congestion, and degraded environmental quality, thus providing an opportunity for underground infrastructure as an attractive solution to these problems. As a relatively new dimension of cities, underground space has been widely recognized as a valuable resource for city development. Urban underground space utilization is an effective way of developing and redesigning cities, promoting sustainable urban development, and building liveable cities. Underground infrastruc","PeriodicalId":100363,"journal":{"name":"Deep Underground Science and Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"129-130"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dug2.12104","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141326798","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of machine learning and deep learning in geothermal resource development: Trends and perspectives","authors":"Abdulrahman Al-Fakih,&nbsp;Abdulazeez Abdulraheem,&nbsp;Sanlinn Kaka","doi":"10.1002/dug2.12098","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dug2.12098","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study delves into the latest advancements in machine learning and deep learning applications in geothermal resource development, extending the analysis up to 2024. It focuses on artificial intelligence's transformative role in the geothermal industry, analyzing recent literature from Scopus and Google Scholar to identify emerging trends, challenges, and future opportunities. The results reveal a marked increase in artificial intelligence (AI) applications, particularly in reservoir engineering, with significant advancements observed post-2019. This study highlights AI's potential in enhancing drilling and exploration, emphasizing the integration of detailed case studies and practical applications. It also underscores the importance of ongoing research and tailored AI applications, in light of the rapid technological advancements and future trends in the field.</p>","PeriodicalId":100363,"journal":{"name":"Deep Underground Science and Engineering","volume":"3 3","pages":"286-301"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dug2.12098","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141107648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance analysis of deep borehole heat exchangers for decarbonization of heating systems","authors":"Andreas E. D. Lund","doi":"10.1002/dug2.12101","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dug2.12101","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Meeting the climate change mitigation targets will require a substantial shift from fossil to clean fuels in the heating sector. Heat pumps with deep borehole exchangers are a promising solution to reduce emissions. Here the thermal behavior of deep borehole exchangers (DBHEs) ranging from 1 to 2 km was analyzed for various heat flow profiles. A strong correlation between thermal energy extraction and power output from DBHEs was found, also influenced by the heating profile employed. Longer operating time over the year typically resulted in higher energy production, while shorter one yielded higher average thermal power output, highlighting the importance of the choice of heating strategy and system design for optimal performance of DBHEs. Short breaks in operation for regenerating the borehole, for example, with waste heat, proved to be favorable for the performance yielding an overall heat output close to the same as with continuous extraction of heat. The results demonstrate the usefulness of deep boreholes for dense urban areas with less available space. As the heat production from a single DBHE in Finnish conditions ranges from half up to even a few GWh a year, the technology is best suitable for larger heat loads.</p>","PeriodicalId":100363,"journal":{"name":"Deep Underground Science and Engineering","volume":"3 3","pages":"349-357"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dug2.12101","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140966766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fluid-rock interaction experiments with andesite at 100°C for potential carbon storage in geothermal reservoirs","authors":"Grace E. Belshaw,&nbsp;Elisabeth Steer,&nbsp;Yukun Ji,&nbsp;Herwin Azis,&nbsp;Benyamin Sapiie,&nbsp;Bagus Muljadi,&nbsp;Veerle Vandeginste","doi":"10.1002/dug2.12097","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dug2.12097","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Geothermal energy extraction often results in the release of naturally occurring carbon dioxide (CO₂) as a byproduct. Research on carbon storage using volcanic rock types other than basalt under both acidic and elevated temperature conditions has been limited so far. Our study uses batch reactor experiments at 100°C to investigate the dissolution of andesite rock samples obtained from an active geothermal reservoir in Sumatra (Indonesia). The samples are subjected to reactions with neutral-pH fluids and acidic fluids, mimicking the geochemical responses upon reinjection of geothermal fluids, either without or with dissolved acidic gases, respectively. Chemical elemental analysis reveals the release of Ca²⁺ ions into the fluids through the dissolution of feldspar. The overall dissolution rate of the rock samples is 2.4 × 10^–11 to 4.2 × 10^–11 mol/(m² · s), based on the Si release during the initial 7 h of the experiment. The dissolution rates are about two orders of magnitude lower than those reported for basaltic rocks under similar reaction conditions. This study offers valuable insights into the potential utilization of andesite reservoirs for effective CO₂ storage via mineralization.</p>","PeriodicalId":100363,"journal":{"name":"Deep Underground Science and Engineering","volume":"3 3","pages":"369-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dug2.12097","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141000301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Interaction between internal solitary waves and the seafloor in the deep sea","authors":"Zhuangcai Tian,&nbsp;Jinjian Huang,&nbsp;Jiaming Xiang,&nbsp;Shaotong Zhang,&nbsp;Jinran Wu,&nbsp;Xiaolei Liu,&nbsp;Tingting Luo,&nbsp;Jianhua Yue","doi":"10.1002/dug2.12095","DOIUrl":"10.1002/dug2.12095","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Internal solitary wave (ISW), as a typical marine dynamic process in the deep sea, widely exists in oceans and marginal seas worldwide. The interaction between ISW and the seafloor mainly occurs in the bottom boundary layer. For the seabed boundary layer of the deep sea, ISW is the most important dynamic process. This study analyzed the current status, hotspots, and frontiers of research on the interaction between ISW and the seafloor by CiteSpace. Focusing on the action of ISW on the seabed, such as transformation and reaction, a large amount of research work and results were systematically analyzed and summarized. On this basis, this study analyzed the wave–wave interaction and interaction between ISW and the bedform or slope of the seabed, which provided a new perspective for an in-depth understanding of the interaction between ISW and the seafloor. Finally, the latest research results of the bottom boundary layer and marine engineering stability by ISW were introduced, and the unresolved problems in the current research work were summarized. This study provides a valuable reference for further research on the hazards of ISW to marine engineering geology.</p>","PeriodicalId":100363,"journal":{"name":"Deep Underground Science and Engineering","volume":"3 2","pages":"149-162"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dug2.12095","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141008219","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Energy characteristics of saturated Jurassic sandstone in western China under different stress paths","authors":"Yi Yang,&nbsp;Jian Lin,&nbsp;Yun Wu,&nbsp;Shilong Peng,&nbsp;Wanhang Shao,&nbsp;Lining Yang","doi":"10.1002/dug2.12096","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/dug2.12096","url":null,"abstract":"<p>To study the energy evolution and failure characteristics of saturated sandstone under unloading conditions, rock unloading tests under different stress paths were conducted. The energy evolution mechanism of the unloading failure of saturated sandstone was systematically explored from the perspectives of the stress path, the initial confining pressure, and the energy conversion rate. The results show that (1) before the peak stress, the elastic energy increases with an increase in deviatoric stress, while the dissipated energy slowly increases first. After the peak stress, the elastic energy decreases with the decrease of deviatoric stress, and the dissipated energy suddenly increases. The energy release intensity during rock failure is positively correlated with the axial stress. (2) When the initial confining pressure is below a certain threshold, the stress path is the main factor influencing the total energy difference. When the axial stress remains constant and the confining pressure is unloading, the total energy is more sensitive to changes in the confining pressure. When the axial stress remains constant, the compressive deformation ability of the rock cannot be significantly improved by the increase in the initial confining pressure. The initial confining pressure is positively correlated with the rock's energy storage limit. (3) The initial confining pressure increases the energy conversion rate of the rock; the initial confining pressure is positively correlated with the energy conversion rate; and the energy conversion rate has a high confining pressure effect. The increase in the axial stress has a much greater impact on the elastic energy than the confining pressure. (4) When the deviatoric stress is small, the confining pressure mainly plays a protective role. Compared with the case of triaxial compression paths, the rock damage is more severe under unloading paths, and compared with the case of constant axial stress, the rock damage is more severe under increasing axial stress.</p>","PeriodicalId":100363,"journal":{"name":"Deep Underground Science and Engineering","volume":"4 1","pages":"158-168"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/dug2.12096","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143602592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}