{"title":"Editorial for Volume 42 part 3","authors":"John Grimshaw","doi":"10.1111/curt.70032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/curt.70032","url":null,"abstract":"<p>“Alpine plants” conjures an image of brightly coloured little gems spangling the higher parts of the world: saxifrages, gentians, primulas and probably edelweiss. It's not an entirely erroneous image but it elides a great many less obviously attractive plants that share the same habitats. This issue, featuring plants from the Italian Maritime Alps and Apennines, balances both showy and less conspicuous alpines, describing their ecology and conservation challenges in this hotspot of European biodiversity. The issue was conceived by Jacopo Calevo and Mike Fay, and I thank them for their generous assistance in bringing it together, as well as all the contributing authors. Italian artist Alessandro Infuso has achieved the remarkable feat of illustrating an entire issue on his first appearance in <i>Curtis's Botanical Magazine</i>.</p><p>A theme throughout the articles is the vulnerability of these montane plants to the threats posed by climate change to their often narrow ecological niches. This is not confined to plants in the wild, however, but is a very real danger to cultivated plants. Since the article on <i>Fritillaria of the Maritime Alps</i> went to press I have been in correspondence with Robert Wallis, who with his wife Rannveig is one of the most accomplished growers of the genus in the UK. He confirms the view that these species are difficult to grow successfully, and that this is made even more challenging by the warmer springs currently experienced, which cause the plants to go into dormancy early before they have built-up the bulb, resulting in non-flowering shoots in the succeeding season. This situation perfectly illustrates the adjustments horticulture needs to make if ex situ collections of plants are to survive in cultivation.</p><p>Several books are reviewed in this issue, covering two new editions of classic works from Kew Publishing to the important <i>Plantae Henryanae</i>, appearing 95 years after Augustine Henry's death, the beautiful <i>Endemic Plants of Mediterranean Chile</i>, and the curious fictionalised biography of Archibald Menzies, <i>Bones</i>. Thomas Freeth, author of this review, asked me whether Menzies had ever written for the <i>Botanical Magazine</i>. Sadly, the answer is no; he didn't write much for anything, and in those days there were no ‘guest authors.’ But one of his few plant introductions did make it into these pages, as Tabe 354 in 1796. A shrubby, slightly viscid plant with orange flowers, it was recognised by William Curtis as belonging to the genus <i>Mimulus</i> and named by him <i>Mimulus aurantiacus</i> Curtis. Curiously, its origin had already been forgotten, and Curtis could only write ‘We know not with certainty of what country it is native.’ It was in fact collected by Menzies at Trinidad, on the northern coast of California where, as <i>Diplacus aurantiacus</i> (Curtis) Jeps., it still grows, as kindly verified at my request by the American horticulturists Chris Carlow and Jim Adams, wh","PeriodicalId":100348,"journal":{"name":"Curtis's Botanical Magazine","volume":"42 3","pages":"347-348"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/curt.70032","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Marco Mucciarelli, Alessandro Infuso, Martyn Rix, Johan Nilson, Jacopo Calevo, Michael F. Fay
{"title":"1154. Fritillaria of the Maritime Alps","authors":"Marco Mucciarelli, Alessandro Infuso, Martyn Rix, Johan Nilson, Jacopo Calevo, Michael F. Fay","doi":"10.1111/curt.70029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/curt.70029","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The three taxa of the <i>Fritillaria tubaeformis</i> group are illustrated here. These plants are narrow endemic geophytes of the Alpine chain, where they are rare and representative of the subalpine grasslands, a very diverse and heterogeneous mosaic of habitats. A detailed description of each is provided, with notes on taxonomy, ecology, and cultivation. Remarks on distribution patterns and habitat specificity are also included. This comprehensive information allows for a clearer delimitation of the three taxa.</p>","PeriodicalId":100348,"journal":{"name":"Curtis's Botanical Magazine","volume":"42 3","pages":"355-368"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/curt.70029","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Identification of Trees and Shrubs in Winter using Buds and Twigs Bernd Schulz Second edition, published in 2025 by Kew Publishing. viii, 372 pages, illustrated throughout. ISBN 9781842468340.","authors":"John Grimshaw","doi":"10.1111/curt.70034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/curt.70034","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Gehölzbestimmung im Winter: mit Knospen und Zweigen</i> (published by Ulmer Eugen Verlag) first appeared in 1999, with a second edition in 2013 and a third in 2020. The latter two have become the first and second English editions of <i>Identification of Trees and Shrubs in Winter using Buds and Twigs</i>, published in 2018 and 2025 respectively by Kew Publishing.</p><p>This substantial book — it is emphatically not handy for field use — provides an extremely thorough guide to its subject, identifying deciduous trees in winter by the characters visible in their twigs and buds. Most of the 700 species covered are both described and illustrated — there are 1900 attractive colour illustrations by the author, showing the relevant morphological characteristics at high magnification (scale bars are provided). For example, on the first spread, covering gymnosperms, paintings of larch shoots clearly show the colour differences and respectively glabrous vs. minutely hairy surfaces of <i>Larix decidua</i> and <i>L. gmelinii</i> twigs. Similarly, in the <i>Betula</i> section, detailed images of buds and a section of shoot show their lenticels and pubescence with unmistakeable clarity. The descriptions are equally precise and for each genus there is a clear key, following on from the introductory key to genera. It must be said, however, that despite enlargement in each successive edition, inevitably not all species in each genus are covered. There are 15 species of <i>Larix</i> in cultivation, but only the six commonest are covered here. Since the others are rare this is entirely reasonable, but it is possible that a plant being examined might not quite fit the key. Further, there is a slight bias toward the cultivated plants of continental Europe, excluding those that can only grow in gentler maritime conditions. Staying with the deciduous conifers, the Chinese Swamp Cypress <i>Glyptostrobus pensilis</i>, increasingly planted in the UK, is omitted, while the Siberian Larch <i>Larix sibirica</i>, which finds our early springs challenging and is very seldom seen, is included. To set against this the generic coverage is excellent, including all sorts of obscurities: <i>Forestiera</i> (Oleaceae), <i>Leptopus</i> (Phyllanthaceae) or <i>Morella</i> (Myricaceae) are not met every day.</p><p>Although the illustrations are probably what most people will use first, this book will serve as a comprehensive primer — or refresher course — on woody plant morphology. It uses technical terminology throughout, and one does need to know a prophyll from a cataphyll. Luckily the chapter <i>Basics of botany</i> illustrates the parts of a woody plant's shoot schematically, with each part identified in a distinct (and consistent) colour (stipules are blue, for example), enabling one to trace the development of a shoot from its bud and illustrating how each organ can leave its mark on the stem. Details such as a stipular scar can be very important on a winter twig. Diagrams of","PeriodicalId":100348,"journal":{"name":"Curtis's Botanical Magazine","volume":"42 3","pages":"437-438"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/curt.70034","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Maria Guerrina, Alessandro Infuso, Luigi Minuto, Gabriele Casazza
{"title":"1160. Berardia lanuginosa (Lam.) Fiori & Paol.","authors":"Maria Guerrina, Alessandro Infuso, Luigi Minuto, Gabriele Casazza","doi":"10.1111/curt.70022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/curt.70022","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Berardia lanuginosa</i> is illustrated here. <i>Berardia</i> is a monospecific genus endemic to the southwestern Alps (Italy and France), considered to be a relict of the first orophile flora of the Alps, originated during the Paleogene. A comprehensive description is provided, with notes on phylogeography, reproduction mode, and habitat characteristics. Although not globally listed by the IUCN, it is considered Least Concern in both Italy and France, in the latter being included in Annex I of 92/43/EEC Directive. Several populations are in conserved areas, such as SCIs in the Nature 2000 network or Natural Parks.</p>","PeriodicalId":100348,"journal":{"name":"Curtis's Botanical Magazine","volume":"42 3","pages":"413-419"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/curt.70022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"1155. Himantoglossum adriaticum H.Baumann","authors":"Jacopo Calevo, Alessandro Infuso, Michael F. Fay","doi":"10.1111/curt.70025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/curt.70025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Himantoglossum adriaticum</i> is described and illustrated here as one of Europe's largest terrestrial orchids, bearing spectacular spiral-tailed flowers with a characteristic goat-like scent. Endemic to the central and northern Adriatic region but scattered as far north as Hungary, its fragmented populations have declined through habitat loss and illegal collection. We review its phylogeny, morphology, ecological interactions, and cultivation. Current assessments list it as Least Concern, but the taxon is also listed in Annex II and IV of ‘Habitat Directive', and effective conservation will require safeguarding grassland refugia, monitoring genetic diversity, and supporting ex-situ symbiotic germination research.</p>","PeriodicalId":100348,"journal":{"name":"Curtis's Botanical Magazine","volume":"42 3","pages":"369-377"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/curt.70025","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Aroids - Plants of the Arum Family, Deni Bown Third edition, published in 2025 by Kew Publishing. 518 pages, illustrated throughout. ISBN 9781842468128.","authors":"Glen Southern","doi":"10.1111/curt.70027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/curt.70027","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This is the third iteration of this now classic guide to the plants in the Araceae, commonly known as aroids. Previous editions (1988, 2000) have been well-regarded books for a large community of houseplant collectors, aroid specialists and enthusiastic gardeners interested in this fascinating family. This has been well-demonstrated in commercial terms in recent years. During the COVID19 pandemic the popularity of house plants pushed prices for aroid plants through the roof, and gave the first two editions of this book a boost, with secondhand copies regularly being advertised online for £200+, as they still are in August 2025. Kew Publishing has released this third edition at a reasonable price and it can be expected to fill some of that demand.</p><p>The author, Deni Bown, has been writing on the Araceae for her entire career and is a well-known photographer and botanical writer. As the author explains, <i>Aroids</i> was always intended to be somewhere between a personal narrative and a beginner's guide. It's a lot more than that, but it may not satisfy anyone wanting a detailed genus and species guide for Araceae. I've always used and recommended it as a jumping off point for aroid exploration and from there dive into actual monographs for detailed information on genera of interest e.g. <i>Arum</i> (Peter Boyce), <i>Arisaema</i> (Guy and Liliane Gusman), <i>Anthurium</i> (Thomas Croat). The preface in the first edition was written by Simon Mayo, Peter Boyce wrote the second, and this latest version features a foreword by Thomas B. Croat, three giants in the modern world of aroid study and cultivation. Comparing the three editions it is interesting to see how many of the points mentioned in 1988 are still very pertinent today, for example the number of species continuing to be found in Colombia.</p><p>This third edition contains over 500 pages, making it well over 100 pages longer than the second edition, in a larger format but very much more than a coffee table book. It has a sleek, modern design and sits well on the shelf.</p><p>While fully updated and with a completely new design, the chapters are organised as in previous editions, though information in the former chapter on aroids in cultivation has been redeployed through the book. There is a detailed section on the specifics of what it is to be an aroid, followed by chapters grouping aroids in a non-academic way e.g. aquatics and amphibians, woodlanders, extremists, etc, working through the genera in a way that's very accessible for non-botanists. Then there are sections on aroid genera, family relationships, and a packed glossary and bibliography. A welcome change to the book is the removal of a gallery of photographs in the middle of the book and the dispersal of those images into the chapters where they are mentioned. The photographs are greatly improved from those in the earlier editions and with assistance from enthusiasts such as Cyrille Claude and David Scherberich their quality","PeriodicalId":100348,"journal":{"name":"Curtis's Botanical Magazine","volume":"42 3","pages":"431-432"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/curt.70027","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Bones: The Life and Adventures of Doctor Archibald Menzies, Graeme Menzies Published in 2024 by Whittles Publishing Ltd. 142 pages, illustrated. ISBN 9781849955911.","authors":"Thomas Freeth","doi":"10.1111/curt.70031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/curt.70031","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Trees from the western edge of the American continent have changed the British landscape more than any other part of the world. Douglas fir (<i>Pseudotsuga menziesii</i>) is the tallest tree on the Isles; Sitka spruce (<i>Picea sitchensis</i>) carpets half the nation's plantations; the monkey puzzle (<i>Araucaria araucana</i>) is without doubt the most recognisable garden conifer. The first scientific records of these giants arose from the momentous and demanding expeditions detailed in <i>Bones: The Life and Adventures of Doctor Archibald Menzies</i>.</p><p>Graeme Menzies, a Canadian writer with an interest in military history and British Columbia, asserts there are biographical gaps on his namesake and positions himself as the chronicler, seeking to add broader context to the narrow botanical focus of existing works. It is clear from the outset he feels a romanticised connection to his clansman as a person and not just a historical figure. This empathy allows the reader to place themself effectively in Archibald's shoes.</p><p>Chapters are loosely chronological and the style is engaging, accessible and novelistic in places. The author contends that primary historical sources for Archibald are scant and scattered and laments the irretrievably lost nature of material that would help complete his story. One such document is Archibald's journal from his voyage with Captain James Colnett to Nootka Sound 1786–88. Where no primary sources exist, speculation on what Archibald may have thought and conversations he might have had are introduced. This oscillation between archival detail and narrative conjecture is disorienting at first. The author is candid about his weaving of fact and fiction in the preface. A bibliography, maps and images and extensive endnotes are provided. Botanical convention is inconsistently handled, and an index to more than 50 ships is presented, but none for plants. The Canadian and Hawaiian legs of the expeditions are the focus, with California and Chile barely mentioned. Readers expecting a complete chronicle or a detailed summation of botanical specimens collected by Archibald may be a little disappointed. <i>Bones</i> is narrative-driven and selective. One curious omission is that the title is not explained, though it perhaps has a connection to the naval term sawbones for a ship's surgeon.</p><p>What adventures they were. Graeme Menzies' descriptive prose shines in his naval set-pieces, notably the <i>Battle of the Saintes</i> (1782). The reader is left to ponder Archibald's reality as the ship's medic when the guns drew silent, witness to men ‘shot, flogged, maimed and murdered.’ The author is keen to share Archibald's interaction with native people and religious views and positions him as an early progressive thinker. He also illuminates Archibald's contribution to the field of virology in downright dangerous conditions.</p><p>Modern botanists and horticulturists will find the detail of Archibald's developmental route","PeriodicalId":100348,"journal":{"name":"Curtis's Botanical Magazine","volume":"42 3","pages":"429-430"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/curt.70031","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284782","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Endemic Plants of Mediterranean Chile. Martin F. Gardner, Josefina Hepp Castillo, Sabina G. Knees, Nicolás Lavandero López First edition, published in 2025 by Fundacion Chilco and Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh. 136 pages, illustrated throughout. ISBN 97895609888959.","authors":"Tom Christian","doi":"10.1111/curt.70028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/curt.70028","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Endemic Plants of Mediterranean Chile</i> is a sumptuously illustrated folio volume celebrating both the extraordinary diversity of its subject and the high tradition of botanical art.</p><p>Fifty-one life-size watercolour plates, printed on 42 × 30 cm pages, celebrate just some of the ferns, bulbs, orchids, herbs, climbers, parasites, bromeliads, trees and shrubs that occur between Coquimbo and Osorno, covering approximately 10 of Chile's extraordinary 39 degrees of latitude. Each is accompanied by a page of diligently researched text giving a readable account of the plant's story (though not a botanical description).</p><p>If 51 seems an odd number, perhaps it reflects the enormous challenge the authors must have had in selecting such a limited suite of subjects from the bewildering diversity of Chile's endemic mediterranean-climate flora.</p><p>Among their selections are representatives of most plant forms that may be found in the region. A proportion will be familiar to gardeners, particularly in the UK and Ireland, but others have eluded the efforts of horticulturists. Highly threatened species, rarely if ever illustrated before, have been included to raise awareness of the increasingly urgent need to conserve what remains in this biodiversity hotspot. The common thread is that each has an interesting story to tell, including relationships with other life forms, selected on the advice of specialist biologists. It is no coincidence that the illustration chosen to grace the book's cover includes the cactus <i>Leucostele chiloensis</i>, the mistletoe <i>Tristerix aphyllus</i>, and its hummingbird pollinator, the Green-backed Firecrown <i>Sephanoides sephanoides</i>.</p><p>The highly collectible first edition (limited to a run of 65 English copies and 250 Spanish copies) will be followed next year by a second edition in a smaller, more affordable format. This sequence mimics that of this book's predecessor, <i>Plants from the Woods and Forests of Chile</i> (Gardner, Hechenleitner & Hepp), first published by the Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh in 2015 and now in its fourth Spanish-language edition.</p><p>Like the previous volume, <i>Endemic Plants of Mediterranean Chile</i> is an ambitious and luxuriously crafted object that will surely delight botanical bibliophiles, but more than this, it is the continuation of an idea, and proof (if it were needed) of the first book's success.</p><p><i>Plants from the Woods and Forests of Chile</i> was years in the making. The ambition had been that it should be illustrated by Chilean artists, but at the time the authors were unable to find any of sufficient calibre. Instead, three up-and-coming Turkish artists produced beautiful plates of a flora hitherto unknown to them-their artistic development is charted in the paintings they produced over many years, immortalised in that wonderful book. These artists have gone on to enjoy illustrious careers and they have shown a remarkable dedication to sharing","PeriodicalId":100348,"journal":{"name":"Curtis's Botanical Magazine","volume":"42 3","pages":"433-435"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/curt.70028","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gabriele Casazza, Alessandro Infuso, Luigi Minuto, Maria Guerrina
{"title":"1161. Jacobaea persoonii (De Not.) Pelser","authors":"Gabriele Casazza, Alessandro Infuso, Luigi Minuto, Maria Guerrina","doi":"10.1111/curt.70030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/curt.70030","url":null,"abstract":"<p><i>Jacobaea persoonii</i> is illustrated and discussed. It is a narrow endemic species restricted to a part of the Ligurian Alps. A detailed description is provided, with notes on cytology and habitat. It belongs to the <i>incana</i> clade and produces pyrrolizidine alkaloids as a defence mechanism against herbivores. The species is listed as Least Concern in Italy and Critically Endangered in France.</p>","PeriodicalId":100348,"journal":{"name":"Curtis's Botanical Magazine","volume":"42 3","pages":"421-427"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/curt.70030","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145284825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}