Climate Smart Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Soil pH decline promotes soil organic carbon accumulation by regulating the microbial carbon sequestration pathway","authors":"Jiaxin Liu ,&nbsp;Xuehao Zheng ,&nbsp;Qing Luo ,&nbsp;Qiang Xiao ,&nbsp;Shoujiang Liu ,&nbsp;Belay Tafa Oba","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100068","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100068","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microbial fixation of carbon dioxide (CO₂) is an important source of soil organic carbon (SOC). However, the factors and mechanisms influencing CO₂ sequestration driven by soil microorganisms remain poorly understood. In this study, farmland soil samples from 15 sites were collected in a typical watershed in Southwest China, and soil and microbial characteristics were comprehensively analyzed to uncover the key factors influencing microbial CO₂ sequestration. The results suggested that changes in soil pH were the main driving factor of SOC storage. Decreasing soil pH significantly increased the abundance of <em>cbbL</em>, <em>pycA</em>, and <em>acsB</em>, which led to CO₂ sequestration. Concurrently, the abundance of other functional genes involved in the Calvin cycle, the Reductive citrate cycle, and the Reductive acetyl–Coenzyme A (CoA) pathway, which was also differentially upregulated. <em>Hyphomicrobiales</em>, <em>Pseudonocardiales</em>, and <em>Corynebacteriales</em> were the core species carrying CO₂ sequestration genes, whose abundance at the order level further supported the hypothesis that changes in pH achieve SOC accumulation by affecting the function of the microbial community. This study uniquely highlights soil pH as a fundamental indicator that may have an important effect on microbial CO₂ sequestration and SOC accumulation through mesoscale sampling and genomic evidence, providing practical insight into the influences on microbial-mediated CO₂ sequestration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100068"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144680397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Divergent carbon sequestration pathways in saline-alkali soils: Dual mechanisms of macroaggregate protection and chemoautotrophic compensation mediated by composted fermented straw amendments","authors":"Tingliang Pan,&nbsp;Wenli Hao,&nbsp;Yunting Wang,&nbsp;Zhaoqi Qu,&nbsp;Yanhong Lou,&nbsp;Haojie Feng,&nbsp;Hui Wang,&nbsp;Quangang Yang,&nbsp;Yajie Sun,&nbsp;Zhongchen Yang,&nbsp;Hongjie Di,&nbsp;Hong Pan,&nbsp;Yuping Zhuge","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100067","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100067","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Soil carbon sequestration mechanisms in saline-alkali ecosystems remain poorly understood, limiting precision management of organic amendments. We investigated composted fermented straw return (CFSR) versus conventional straw incorporation across salinity gradients (1.76 ​‰ vs. 4.06 ​‰) via controlled pot experiments. In lightly saline-alkali soils, CFSR elevated carbon accrual by 0.311 ​t ​ha⁻¹ yr⁻¹ (<em>p ​&lt;</em> ​0.05) via macroaggregate formation (+4.19 ​% mass proportion) and Acidobacteriota enrichment. Conversely, heavily saline-alkali soils exhibited CFSR-induced microaggregate stabilization (+29.32 ​% stability index) coupled with chemoautotrophic carbon fixation, supported by 48.38 ​% higher <em>cbbL</em> gene abundance. Microbial network analysis revealed salinity-dependent adaptations that lightly saline soils under CFSR developed Acidobacteriota-dominated networks with elevated connectivity (graph density: 0.269 vs. 0.202 control), while extreme salinity fostered resilient Actinobacteriota-centric consortia (622 edges vs. 562 control) through modular simplification. Structural equation modeling delineated dual pathways that dissolved organic carbon-mediated macroaggregate stabilization dominated in light salinity (λ ​= ​1.902, <em>p ​&lt;</em> ​0.05), whereas chemoautotrophic carbon pump-driven microaggregate protection prevailed under high salinity (λ ​= ​1.856, <em>p ​&lt;</em> ​0.05). These findings established a hierarchical framework linking aggregate architecture to microbial functional guilds, proposing a dual-mode carbon stabilization paradigm — physical protection in light salinity versus microbial-mineral interactions under heavy salinity. This mechanistic insight advanced salinity-adaptive organic amendment strategies to optimize carbon storage in global salt-affected croplands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100067"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144581383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Constraints and prospects of adoption of climate smart agriculture interventions: Implication for farm sustainability","authors":"Md Maruf Billah ,&nbsp;Mohammad Mahmudur Rahman ,&nbsp;Santiago Mahimairaja ,&nbsp;Alvin Lal ,&nbsp;Asadi Srinivasulu ,&nbsp;Ravi Naidu","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100066","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100066","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) is the core of agricultural systems and adoption of CSA interventions plays a vital role in supporting sustainable agricultural development. The study aimed at evaluating the perceived constraints and prospects of adoption of CSA interventions in relation to farm sustainability. The mixed-method research (qualitative and quantitative) was conducted employing focus group discussion, key informant interviews and face-to-face interviews with 390 farm household head using semi-structured questionnaire in Bangladesh during 2024. A positive and significant perception regarding adoption of CSA interventions was perceived among surveyed respondents. The commonly adopted CSA interventions were integrated pest management (88.46 ​%), high yielding varieties (84.87 ​%), stress tolerant varieties (80.26 ​%) and so forth. Among the broad spectrum of problems, institutional constraints (<span><math><mrow><mover><mi>x</mi><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow></math></span> ​= ​617.2), economic constraints (<span><math><mrow><mover><mi>x</mi><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow></math></span> ​= ​587.4) and technological constraints (<span><math><mrow><mover><mi>x</mi><mo>¯</mo></mover></mrow></math></span> ​= ​586.6) ranked most severe. However, illiteracy, high cost of innovations, inadequate farmers' organization, lack of modern technologies, and poor access to weather information were identified as acute specific constraints. In contrast, increased farm productivity (87.95 ​%), ensure food security (83.08 ​%), and alleviation of poverty (79.74 ​%) were professed as decidedly potential prospects of CSA interventions. Machine learning evaluation indicates that proximity to office, access to extension services, training exposure, and group membership were the most significant factors prompting adoption of CSA interventions. The study explores the insights of adoption of CSA interventions. The outcomes will assist concerned departments and policymakers to plan and initiate feasible strategies (awareness and motivational programs, subsidy for CSA innovations, and reformation of extension and advisory services) for developing climate smart agricultural system and supporting farm sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100066"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144535877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vicious cycle or virtuous feedback? Revisiting the impact of climate risk on agricultural carbon emissions in China","authors":"Yu Lai,&nbsp;Ruirui Du,&nbsp;Jiaqi He,&nbsp;Jiaxi Zhou,&nbsp;Liuyang Yao","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100065","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100065","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Effective climate governance and low-carbon agriculture constitute pressing global issues. While the promoting impact of agricultural carbon emissions (ACE) on climate risk has been widely acknowledged, the reverse impact of climate risk on ACE remains insufficiently understood. Hence, this study empirically investigated this reverse impact using balanced panel data from 30 provinces and municipalities in China (2007–2022). Results demonstrate rather than forming a vicious cycle, climate risk has virtuous feedback on ACE from a social system perspective. An informed comprehension and proactive utilization of climate risk can prevent humanity from descending into deeper realms of uncertainty. Additionally, climate policy uncertainty associated with insufficient confidence, limited capacity, and ineffective regulation significantly moderates this anticipated negative impact. Heterogeneity regarding new agricultural business entities is apparent, with technological progress in low-carbon agriculture being the critical mechanism. These findings underscore the necessity for governments to enhance the application of climate change mitigation measures and develop forward-looking climate policies to accelerate the transition toward sustainable development.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100065"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144264147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Partial organic substitution increases microbial diversity but has divergent effects on functional microorganisms under various fertilization regimes in an ultisol","authors":"Yongxin Lin ,&nbsp;Xianchu Su ,&nbsp;Xiangyin Ni ,&nbsp;Jianbo Fan ,&nbsp;Hang-Wei Hu ,&nbsp;Zhongmin Dai ,&nbsp;Weidong Chen ,&nbsp;Zi-Yang He ,&nbsp;Yuheng Cheng ,&nbsp;Guiping Ye ,&nbsp;Ji-Zheng He","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100064","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100064","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Manure substitution is increasingly acknowledged as a key practice for enhancing soil health in agricultural systems. However, its effects on soil microbial diversity and functional microorganisms vary across soil conditions. This study examined the effects of partial manure substitution on microbial diversity, community composition, and functional gene abundance in soils subjected to various mineral fertilization treatments using metagenomic sequencing. The results showed that partial manure substitution increased archaeal, bacterial, and fungal richness but did not influence functional gene richness. The microbial community structure was significantly altered by manure substitution, with soil pH and available phosphorus as the key variables. The abundance of Firmicutes was consistently increased, while Chloroflexi decreased due to the manure substitution. The effect of partial manure substitution on the relative abundance of genes involved in organic C degradation and N cycling varied across treatments. Specifically, partial manure substitution increased labile C degradation genes more significantly in the N treatment compared to the NP and NPK treatments. Additionally, it increased the relative abundance of dissimilatory nitrate reduction to ammonium (DNRA) associated genes in the NPK treatment, but not in the N or NP treatments. These findings suggest that manure substitution can enhance soil microbial diversity, but its impact on key functional microorganisms, such as those involved in organic carbon degradation and nitrogen cycling, depends on the mineral fertilization regime. This underscores the importance of accounting for initial soil mineral fertilization when implementing manure substitution as a management practice, particularly in the context of optimizing carbon and nitrogen cycling in agricultural ecosystems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 3","pages":"Article 100064"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144170071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cross-inoculation of Andropogon virginicus rhizobiome enhances fungal diversity and network complexity in maize (Zea mays) rhizosphere under drought","authors":"Ziliang Zhang ,&nbsp;Bhupinder Singh Jatana ,&nbsp;Muhamad Shoib Nawaz ,&nbsp;Vidya Suseela ,&nbsp;Barbara Campbell ,&nbsp;Nishanth Tharayil","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100056","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100056","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Rhizosphere soil microbes are increasingly recognized for their significant roles in enhancing plant resilience to abiotic stress and stimulating plant growth. Rhizobiome adapted to dry conditions can enhance drought tolerance in crops by cross-inoculation. However, changes in the rhizobiome that help in conferring drought tolerance remain poorly understood. Here, by conducting a drought-manipulating greenhouse experiment, we characterized changes in the rhizobiome of maize (<em>Zea mays</em>) after cross-inoculation of rhizosphere soil collected from drought-adapted <em>Andropogon virginicus</em> (Andropogon rhizobiome). Results showed that maize inoculated with Andropogon rhizobiome reduced oxidative damage of leaves under drought. Drought stress increased the species richness and Shannon diversity of the fungal community. Additionally, the inoculation of Andropogon rhizobiome induced a more significant increase in fungal diversity than the inoculation of organic rhizobiome. The increase of fungal diversity was positively correlated with the increased drought resistance of maize. Bacterial richness and diversity under the inoculation of Andropogon rhizobiome were negatively affected by drought stress. In addition, increased positive links in the fungal network in the Andropogon inoculation under drought conditions as compared with the ambient controls suggests more cooperation between fungal taxa to cope with drought stress. Collectively, our findings indicate that the fungal but not bacterial community diversity and network complexity stimulates drought tolerance in maize by cross-inoculation of the rhizobiome from <em>A. virginicus</em>. This study provides important insights that will enhance theoretical understanding and applications of plant–rhizobiome associations to promote drought resilience in agricultural crops.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100056"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143911664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Temperate agroforestry for tree carbon storage in Switzerland: 10 years of biophysical and social monitoring","authors":"Giotto Roberti ,&nbsp;Felix Herzog ,&nbsp;Mareike Jäger ,&nbsp;Sonja Kay","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100055","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100055","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agroforestry, the integration of woody structures in agricultural land, has high potential for climate protection and resilience, since trees are active carbon sinks. Yet, there is only limited empirical evidence on the actual performance of temperate agroforestry systems in this respect, nor on its acceptance by farmers. We monitored four silvoarable agroforestry systems in Switzerland (apple, sour cherry, poplar, wild cherry) over ten years and measured tree growth and carbon storage performances. We compared the measured data to outcomes of the Yield-SAFE model. We regularly interviewed farmers on their observations of their agroforestry systems. Individual growth of agroforestry trees varied between species and location, with differences between the smallest and largest tree ranging from 44 ​% to 97 ​%. Consequently, the carbon sequestration potential varied substantially between 0.4 ​and ​2.5 ​t CO_2eq ​per year and hectare. The modelling approach showed a good fit for apples and wild cherries and ​– ​after (re)calibration with local data ​– ​also for poplars and sour cherries. Tree mortality was up to 20 ​% in the first years but if replaced, this did not influence the overall outcome after ten years. Farmers' evaluations differed, depending on the motivation of individual farmers. They changed only slightly with time, indicating that their expectations had been realistic. The study highlights the usefulness of long-term empirical data for model calibration and of monitoring farmers' satisfaction. Realistic model predictions and management of farmers' expectations will facilitate the implementation of agroforestry.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100055"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143904514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing carbon sequestration potential of lowland rice agroecosystems for environmentally clean production system: A review","authors":"Saikat Ranjan Das ,&nbsp;Dibyendu Chatterjee ,&nbsp;Saurav Saha ,&nbsp;Dibyendu Sarkar ,&nbsp;Rounak Alam ,&nbsp;Souvik Dey ,&nbsp;Samrat Ghosh ,&nbsp;Bitish Kumar Nayak ,&nbsp;Pete Smith ,&nbsp;Himanshu Pathak","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100054","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100054","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Carbon (C) sequestration in soil has the potential to offset the negative impacts of natural and anthropogenic C emissions at the agroecosystem level, thereby contributing to the mitigation of climate change, while improving inherent soil productivity, quality and achieving environmentally clean production systems. Though rice is one of the most important staple food crops in the world, it is often criticized as the major contributor to methane emissions, thereby exacerbating global climate change. In tropical and sub-tropical regions, rice is mostly grown under submergence, which has implications for the turnover of active and passive C stores in the surface soil. Organic matter decomposition is slower under anaerobic conditions resulting in carbon stocks in anaerobic lowland rice fields that are 12%–58% higher than in upland aerobic rice soils. The aim of this article is to review the C sequestration potential in lowland rice system through modified agricultural management practices like integrated nutrient management, water management, organic farming, varietal selection, conservation agriculture, soil amelioration through biochar, rice intensification and mitigation of accelerated climate change. However, the effectiveness of soil C management strategies depends on crop management practices, climatic conditions, soil microbial diversity and activity, soil mineralogy and soil aggregation. This study highlights the importance of synergistic effects of multiple management practices in lowland rice agroecosystems, compares their efficiency, and examines the challenges involved and recommends various practices for environmentally clean production in lowland rice agroecosystems in the context of climate change.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100054"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143898787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"NDVI is the best parameter for yield prediction at the peak vegetative stage of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.)","authors":"Poonam Biswal ,&nbsp;Ahmad Faisal ,&nbsp;Dillip Kumar Swain ,&nbsp;Gourav Dhar Bhowmick ,&nbsp;Geetha Mohan","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100053","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100053","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate yield prediction and optimization are critical for sustainable potato production, particularly in resource-limited regions affected by climatic variability. This study evaluates the normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) values obtained during the peak vegetative stage to optimize tuber yield prediction in potato (<em>Solanum tuberosum</em> L.) under subtropical conditions. Field experiments were conducted over two years in Kharagpur, India, using a strip-plot design. Soil management treatments included mulched and non-mulched plots, while water management treatments comprised conventional furrow irrigation (C), drip irrigation at field capacity (D-FC), 90 ​% field capacity (D-90 ​%FC), and 80 ​% field capacity (D-80 ​%FC). Key parameters, including NDVI, biomass, soil moisture, and tuber yield, were measured and analyzed using correlation, principal component analysis (PCA), and quadratic regression models. NDVI emerged as a critical predictor of tuber yield, showing strong positive correlations with biomass and yield traits. Drip irrigation (D-FC) significantly improved tuber yield compared to conventional furrow irrigation, with the highest yield recorded at 26.22 ​t ​ha⁻¹, followed by D-90 ​%FC at 21.69 ​t ​ha⁻¹, while conventional irrigation yielded 22.37 ​t ​ha⁻¹. Additionally, mulching (+M) enhanced yields across all drip irrigation treatments. Treatments like D-90 ​%FC and D-90 ​%FC-M showed the highest associations with NDVI, biomass, and yield. A quadratic regression model (R² ​= ​0.95) accurately captured the relationship between NDVI and tuber yield, with model validation (R² ​= ​0.97) confirming its reliability across seasons. This study highlights the potential of NDVI-based monitoring for real-time yield prediction and precision irrigation in potato production. The findings suggest that integrating NDVI-based monitoring with advanced irrigation practices can enhance resource efficiency and promote sustainable agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100053"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143851994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Genetic identification and evolutionary features research: Genome-wide analysis of heat shock transcription factors in Salvia miltiorrhiza","authors":"Caixia Tong ,&nbsp;Xiang Yan ,&nbsp;Xianwen Meng ,&nbsp;Feihong Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div><em>Salvia miltiorrhiza</em>, a medicinal plant of significant economic and therapeutic importance, particularly in China, is increasingly threatened by environmental stressors and habitat depletion. Heat shock transcription factors (HSFs), which play a crucial role in plant adaptation to environmental stresses, including heat, remain insufficiently studied in this species. In this study, we conducted a genome-wide analysis of HSF genes in <em>S. miltiorrhiza</em> using the recently reannotated high-quality reference genome. Our analysis identified 34 HSF genes unevenly distributed across eight chromosomes. Notably, 20 of these genes exhibited segmental duplication, highlighting its key role in the expansion of the HSF gene family. Phylogenetic classification categorized these genes into 15 distinct groups, all of which shared conserved sequence characteristics. Evidence of purifying selection was observed in duplicated HSF genes, suggesting functional constraints that maintain their roles in stress adaptation. Furthermore, most HSF genes exhibited distinct expression patterns under drought stress and salicylic acid treatment, indicating their active involvement in stress response mechanisms. This study significantly enhances our understanding of the HSF gene family in <em>S. miltiorrhiza</em> and provides a foundation for future functional studies aimed at improving the plant's stress tolerance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 2","pages":"Article 100052"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143792462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}