Climate Smart Agriculture最新文献

{"title":"Molecular cloning, expression profiling and functional characterization of three small heat shock protein genes in Sogatella furcifera reveals their roles in heat tolerance","authors":"Yuechao Zhao ,&nbsp;Mingli Yu ,&nbsp;Yao Chi ,&nbsp;Jinyang Wang ,&nbsp;Xueping Shi ,&nbsp;Yongli Fu ,&nbsp;Xingya Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The white-backed planthopper (WBPH), <em>Sogatella furcifera</em> (Horváth), is a destructive rice pest in Asia that causes significant economic losses in China's major rice-growing regions. Small heat shock proteins (shsps) play a vital role in temperature adaptation across a wide range of organisms. To evaluate the impact of shsp on high-temperature tolerance in <em>Sogatella furcifera</em>, we cloned the complete cDNA sequences of <em>SfHsp21.9</em>, <em>SfHsp22.4</em>, and <em>SfHsp23.1</em>, and analyzed their expression under high-temperature conditions. Additionally, we confirmed their functionality using RNA interference (RNAi). Overall, the results indicated that the <em>SfHsp21.9, SfHsp22.4,</em> and <em>SfHsp23.1</em> genes encode 192, 199, and 192 amino acids, respectively. Their molecular weights were 21.69, 22.47, and 21.81 ​kDa, respectively. Phylogenetic analysis revealed the relative conservation of three <em>shsp</em> genes in the WBPH. Real-time quantitative PCR (qPCR) showed that all three <em>shsp</em> genes were significantly upregulated after 1 ​h of high-temperature exposure, with their expression levels increasing progressively as the temperature increased. RNAi experiments demonstrated that the injection of double-stranded RNAs (dsRNAs) targeting these three <em>shsp</em> genes effectively inhibited their expression at the transcriptional level and significantly reduced the survival rate of the WBPH. After high-temperature treatment, silencing these proteins leads to an increased mortality rate. Accordingly, our study contributes to a better understanding of the heat tolerance mechanisms in this species and provides valuable insights for the integrated pest management of rice planthoppers in eastern Asia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100041"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143378597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Institutional efforts and regional distribution of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) initiatives in Ghana","authors":"Michael Gameli Dziwornu ,&nbsp;Powell Mponela ,&nbsp;Sandra Sawdiatu Inusah ,&nbsp;Fred Fosu Agyarko ,&nbsp;Stephen Yeboah ,&nbsp;Osman Tahidu Damba ,&nbsp;Isaac Boatey Akpatsu ,&nbsp;Wuletawu Abera","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Mapping climate-smart agriculture (CSA) initiatives enable countries to account for emissions and develop adaptation measures. While discourse on <span>CSA</span> implementation exists, developing countries lack empirical evidence to support intervention design. This study analyzes actor networks and assesses social benefits through a comprehensive review of 153 CSA projects across Ghana's 16 regions from 1971 to 2023. The Northern region hosted the highest concentration (17 ​%) of CSA projects, followed by Upper West, Upper East, Bono, Eastern, and Ashanti regions, primarily focusing on drought adaptation. Crop production emerged as the dominant system (56 ​%), with governmental entities leading 80.4 ​% of initiatives. Regional variations show post-harvest loss reduction as the primary aim in southern regions, while forestry and aquaculture initiatives concentrate in Eastern and Western regions to address flood vulnerability in degraded landscapes. The study reveals spatial and temporal patterns in Ghana's CSA implementation, identifying gaps in coverage and stakeholder participation. These findings provide an evidence base for policymakers to optimize resource allocation, strengthen underserved regions' climate resilience, and align CSA initiatives with national sustainable development goals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100038"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing global agricultural monitoring system for climate-smart agriculture","authors":"Le Yu ,&nbsp;Zhenrong Du ,&nbsp;Xiyu Li ,&nbsp;Jinhui Zheng ,&nbsp;Qiang Zhao ,&nbsp;Hui Wu ,&nbsp;Duoji weise ,&nbsp;Yuanzhen Yang ,&nbsp;Quan Zhang ,&nbsp;Xinyue Li ,&nbsp;Xiaorui Ma ,&nbsp;Xiaomeng Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Global agricultural monitoring systems face unprecedented challenges due to intensifying climate change. This paper reviews the advancements in existing global agricultural monitoring systems, highlighting deficiencies in addressing extreme weather events, data integration, and real-time analysis. To overcome these limitations, we introduce the Earth System Model-Coupled Global Agricultural Monitoring System (ESM-GAMS), an advanced framework that combines satellite and near-surface remote sensing, artificial intelligence-driven modeling, supercomputing, and crop model to enhance the accuracy and timeliness of crop monitoring and yield predictions under diverse climate scenarios. By integrating multi-source remote sensing data, ESM-GAMS mitigates delays caused by satellite revisit cycles and weather interference, enabling near real-time monitoring with results available at hourly or minute-level intervals. Additionally, the system demonstrated high accuracy in yield simulations under extreme weather, with the improved WOFOST model achieving robust R² values ranging from 0.55 to 0.77, indicating its reliability in predicting yields across diverse conditions. ESM-GAMS not only enables detailed daily monitoring of crop growth, but also provides early-warning capabilities for extreme weather and its impact on prediction. By optimizing resource allocation, supporting climate resilience, and enabling global data computing, ESM-GAMS represents a further step toward achieving climate-smart agriculture.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100037"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Adoption decisions for climate-smart dairy farming practices: Evidence from smallholder farmers in the Salale highlands of Ethiopia","authors":"Abraham Abera Feyissa ,&nbsp;Adugna Tolera ,&nbsp;Feyera Senbeta ,&nbsp;Dawit Diriba","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100039","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100039","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The adoption rate of climate-smart livestock production in Ethiopia has remained low, despite its potential to increase animal productivity and reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Understanding the factors that influence smallholder farmers' (SHFs) decisions to adopt improved practices is crucial for tailoring strategies for stakeholders and policymakers. The present study examines factors that determine adoption and the intensity of adoption of multiple climate-smart dairy (CSD) farming practices, including improved breeds, feed, and feeding conditions, forage, and manure management, using data from 480 SHFs in Salale highlands. The study employed a multivariate probit model (MVP) to analyze the simultaneous adoption of multiple CSD farming practices and an ordered probit model to examine factors influencing the degree of adoption. The results indicate that about 90 ​% of the smallholder farmers have adopted at least two of the CSD farming practices. Improved breed, improved feed, and improved feeding conditions are the most commonly adopted farming practices, whereas improved forage is the least adopted improved practice in the study area. Our result showed that most CSD farming practices have complementary associations. Furthermore, gender, dependency ratio, land size, Tropical Livestock Unit (TLU), off-farm activity, access to extension services, farmer-to-farmer communication, and distance to the nearest market significantly influence smallholder farmers' adoption and intensity of adoption of multiple CSD farming practices. The result suggest that the government bodies should prioritize encouraging the uptake of improved forages and should take the required steps to facilitate their implementation. To accelerate the adoption of CSD farming practices for SHFs and promote their widespread implementation across the region, policymakers and implementers must recognize the synergies between these practices. Interventions that improve access to agricultural resources, supply chain inputs and outputs, as well as service provision, will further facilitate the adoption and effective implementation of CSD farming practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100039"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderating effects of grassland ecological compensation policy in linking climatic risk and farmers' livelihood resilience in China","authors":"Ruoyan Zhang ,&nbsp;Shengqiang Zhou ,&nbsp;Ru Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100040","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2025.100040","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>China is harmonizing the symbiotic relationship between humans and nature through efforts to implement grassland ecological compensation policies (GECP), which have triggered changes in the resilience of farmers' livelihoods within grassland ecosystems. This study examines the direct impacts of climate change on the livelihood resilience of farm households and the direct and moderating effects of GECP on livelihood resilience by constructing a robust empirical strategy using sample data from a multi-year tracking of the regions where GECP was implemented. The results showed that the level of livelihood resilience of farm households showed an increasing trend during the period 2010–2019, buffering capacity and learning capacity are important components in the livelihood resilience of farm households, and higher temperatures and reduced precipitation have negative impacts on the livelihood resilience of farm households. The direct effect of GECP implementation significantly increased the level of livelihood resilience of farm households in the second cycle, but GECP was shown to play a significant moderating role in the relationship between climate change risk and livelihood resilience. The policy moderating effect attenuated the impact of climate change risk on the resilience of farmers' livelihoods and was more pronounced for farmers in husbandry-oriented livelihood strategies. Subsidy intensity is a key factor influencing the moderating effect, more so among farmers with lower levels of resilience and livestock-reducing production decisions. Enhancing the diversity and precision of subsidies is a future direction of improvement for GECP.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100040"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143167753","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Application of crop straw with different C/N ratio affects CH4 emission and Cd accumulation in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in Cd polluted paddy soils","authors":"Qiongli Bao ,&nbsp;Jiahao Shi ,&nbsp;Zewei Liu ,&nbsp;Yundi Kan ,&nbsp;Wankui Bao","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100036","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100036","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Return straw to field is a common practice for straw utilization. However, effects of crop straw with different C/N ratio incorporation on the CH₄ emission and Cd phytoavailaility in Cd-contaminated paddy soils have not been simultanously evaluated. Here, we investigated the impacts of rice straw (RS) and pea straw (PS) incorporation on CH₄ emission and rice Cd available in heavily Cd polluted soil (HP) and lightly polluted soil (LP) through a pot experiment. Results showed that RS and PS significantly increased CH₄ emission in the two soils (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.05). CH₄ emission in PS treatment were greater than that in RS treatment. PS with lower C/N ratio favored to increase soil DOC and SOM (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.05), and promote dominant methanogens of <em>Methanobacterium uliginosum</em> and uncultured <em>Methanocellales</em> archeaon growth (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.05), which mainly contributed to higher CH₄ emisison. The significant influences of straw application on soil chemical parmeters subsequently affected soil different Cd fractions (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.05). Specifically, straw significantly decreased water soluble ​+ ​exchangeable Cd and manganese oxides Cd, but significantly increased other Cd fractions in HP soil (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.05); whereas there were nearly opposite trendancies in LP soil. Thus, roots Cd was mainly determined by soil soluble ​+ ​changeable Cd in HP soil, while it was more likely affected by other Cd fractions except for the soluble ​+ ​exchangeable Cd in LP soil, thereby reduced Cd transport from roots to stems in both soils. Greater effects of PS were displayed in inhibiting rice growth and reducing organs Cd than RS in HP soil, while higher efficiency of RS treatment on improving rice growth than that of PS was found in LP soil (<em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.05). The results can provide a basis for scientific straw returning in Cd contaminated paddy field, achieving safe rice production and reducing carbon emission.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100036"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747361","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Amine ester improves rice growth and resistance by promoting ammonium and potassium uptake","authors":"Dandan Li ,&nbsp;Zhonghua Sun ,&nbsp;Jin Chu ,&nbsp;Hao Zheng ,&nbsp;Weichang Xu ,&nbsp;Cui Wan ,&nbsp;Xianfu Zheng ,&nbsp;Yuanhu Xuan","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fertilizers play a crucial role in improving crop yields; however, excessive fertilizer application leads to environmental pollution, increases greenhouse gas emissions, and contributes to global warming. Therefore, improving fertilizer efficiency is of great significance for crop production and ecological security. Octanoic acid (OA), a type of straight-chain saturated fatty acid commonly found in plants and animals, is known to promote plant growth. In this study, we synthesized amine esters (AE) using OA as the precursor. AE demonstrated a greater growth-promoting effect than OA. To further explore the mechanism underlying AE-induced growth promotion, the responses of macro-element transporter mutants to AE were analyzed. Genetic and physiological studies indicated that mutants of <em>potassium channel AKT1</em> and <em>ammonium transporter 1</em> (<em>AMT1</em>) inhibited AE-induced growth promotion in rice seedlings, whereas mutants of <em>nitrate transporter 1.1B</em> (<em>NRT1.1B</em>) and <em>phosphate transporter 8</em> (<em>PT8</em>) did not significantly inhibit AE-induced growth. Additionally, yeast rescue assays revealed that AE significantly enhanced the absorption of ammonium and potassium ions. <em>Glutamine synthetase 1</em> (<em>gs1;1</em>) mutants exhibited a response similar to that of <em>AMT1</em> RNAi, which inhibited AE-induced growth promotion. Furthermore, the administration of AE led to increased chlorophyll accumulation and enhanced resistance to rice blast and sheath blight (ShB) via the potassium and ammonium pathways, respectively. AE also improved tolerance to saline and saline-alkaline stresses through these pathways. In conclusion, AE represents a novel fertilizer additive that promotes rice growth and enhances tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses by activating ammonium and potassium uptake.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100035"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142706380","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of elevated temperature and CO2 on growth of two early-maturing potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) varieties","authors":"Chang Liu ,&nbsp;Yafei Li ,&nbsp;Yibo Liu ,&nbsp;Philip Kear ,&nbsp;Yan Feng ,&nbsp;Lei Wang ,&nbsp;Dong Wang ,&nbsp;Minsang Luo ,&nbsp;Jieping Li","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100034","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100034","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Climate change will significantly reduce potato yields across the world and have a profound impact on food security. However, the effects of changing climatic conditions on various traits of early-maturing potatoes at their different stages of growth are not clear. Therefore, 19 plant traits were investigated across the entire growth period of two major early-maturing potato varieties: Favorita and Zhongshu 5. These were grown in a temperature/CO₂-controlled walk-in chamber under four treatments that simulated the changes predicted in these two climate factors by 2100: Control (ambient temperature 21 ​°C; ambient CO₂ 400 ​μmol ​mol⁻¹), eT (elevated temperature 24 ​°C; ambient CO₂ 400 ​μmol ​mol⁻¹), eCO₂ (ambient temperature, 21 ​°C; elevated CO₂ 800 ​μmol ​mol⁻¹), and eTeCO₂ (elevated temperature 24 ​°C; elevated CO₂ 800 ​μmol ​mol⁻¹). Elevating ambient temperature by 3 ​°C (eT), elevating CO₂ concentration to 800 ​μmol ​mol⁻¹ (eCO₂), and a combination of both treatments (eTeCO₂) brought forward potato tuber initiation by approximately 10 days. eT treatment reduced the yield of Favorita by 83 ​% and Zhongshu 5 by 52 ​%, but simultaneously elevating the CO₂ concentration (eTeCO₂) alleviated the negative effects of higher temperature on plant morphology and biomass. Favorita exhibited greater stability than Zhongshu 5 under all treatment conditions. These findings will guide the development, cultivation, and research of climate-resilient potatoes as an adaptation to climate change to strengthen food security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"2 1","pages":"Article 100034"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142747362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Trends in the research on soil nitrogen leaching from farmland: A bibliometric analysis (2014–2023)","authors":"Caixia Hu,&nbsp;Xinrui Wang,&nbsp;Jie Li,&nbsp;Lan Luo,&nbsp;Fang Liu,&nbsp;Wenhao Wu,&nbsp;Yan Xu,&nbsp;Houyu Li,&nbsp;Bingcang Tan,&nbsp;Guilong Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100026","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100026","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to explore the current progress, hotspots, and future directions in the research on nitrogen (N) leaching from farmlands. We analyzed 793 publications on N leaching published from 2014 to 2023, which were collected from the Web of Science Core Collection database, using bibliometric tools such as CiteSpace and VOSviewer to visualize research networks and the thematic evolution of the field. The results revealed that China and the USA were the leading contributors to this field, which was driven by environmental policies and agricultural challenges in these countries. The Chinese Academy of Sciences, in cooperation with other institutions, produced the highest number of publications, reflecting a significant impact. High-frequency keywords, including “nitrate leaching,” “nitrogen management,” “cropping system,” and “yield,” indicated that the primary research themes were related to optimizing N fertilizer use efficiency while minimizing environmental impacts. Furthermore, emerging terms such as “organic nitrogen,” “controlled release urea,” and “microbial biomass” provided new insights into evolving research directions, emphasizing the crucial role of integrating sustainable nutrient management strategies to address groundwater quality and environmental sustainability goals. Despite these advances, a gap remains in understanding the link between microbial community dynamics, particularly in terms of functional microbes involved in the N cycle, and N leaching. In future studies, researchers should prioritize investigations of the role of microbiomes in N loss from farmlands by employing advanced modeling approaches and utilizing stable isotope tracing techniques to advance the field. These findings provide valuable guidance for future research directions and policy-making efforts to enhance agricultural sustainability and environmental protection.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100026"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663825","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The potential to reduce runoff generation through improving cropping and tillage practices in a sub-humid continental climate","authors":"Jian Liu ,&nbsp;David A. Lobb ,&nbsp;Jane A. Elliott ,&nbsp;Merrin L. Macrae ,&nbsp;Helen M. Baulch ,&nbsp;Diogo Costa","doi":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.csag.2024.100021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Agricultural sustainability is threatened by both water deficit and water excess, especially at the presence of extreme meteorological events resulting from climate change. However, there has been lack of demonstrations on management options with long-term values for agricultural adaptation to runoff. Using 20 years of monitoring data (1993–2012) for two experimental fields in the Canadian Prairies as a case study, we quantified the effects of rainfall characteristics, crop type and biomass, and tillage on growing-season runoff generation using regression analyses and thereafter scenario comparisons. With growing-season gross rainfall ranging between 183 and 456 ​mm, runoff responses varied between 0 and 59 ​mm. Over the 20-year study period, 70%–74 ​% of the growing-season runoff was generated by rainfall events &gt;100 ​mm. Compared to high-intensity tillage, long-term conservation tillage reduced both overall runoff and runoff in large events likely by improving water infiltration. Under both tillage methods, growing-season runoff significantly increased with increasing rainfall but decreased with increasing biomass (R² range: 0.40–0.58; <em>p</em> range: 0.0007–0.02). At the event level, the rainfall-runoff relationship followed a piecewise regression model (C_d ​= ​0.82; <em>p</em> ​&lt; ​0.0001; “breakpoint” rainfall event ​= ​105 ​mm), in which runoff increased slowly before reaching the “breakpoint” but rose sharply afterwards. Due to a greater biomass, canola resulted in less runoff than wheat. Scenario analyses showed that increasing crop biomass by 50 ​% under the current average rainfall conditions could reduce runoff by 81–86 ​% in wheat and 100 ​% in canola. The reduction may be attributed to the combined effects of crop on interception, evapotranspiration, and infiltration. In conclusion, although in a sub-humid continental climate like the Canadian Prairies there are generally low amounts of rainfall runoff, this study demonstrates significant runoff in some years, especially following large rainfall events. Runoff generation can be significantly reduced through improving cropping and tillage practices, and such effects on regional water retention should be further assessed by considering the past and future changes in climate and management.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":100262,"journal":{"name":"Climate Smart Agriculture","volume":"1 2","pages":"Article 100021"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142663872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}