{"title":"Can higher levels of disclosure bring greater efficiency: Empirical research on the effect of government information disclosure on enterprise investment efficiency","authors":"Wenchao Yu , Pinghan Liang , Nan Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Government Information disclosure (GID) is an important part of Chinese efforts in improving doing-business environment. Based on the sample of China's listed enterprises, this paper studies the effect of government information disclosure on enterprise investment efficiency. We find that GID significantly improves enterprise investment efficiency, and this effect is stronger for non-SOE, and enterprises in regulated industries. Mechanism analysis suggests that when policy uncertainty is higher, the promotion effect of GID on enterprise investment efficiency is stronger. The analysis based on enterprises' survey data shows that the higher level of GID is associated with the lower enterprises' perception of policy uncertainty. These suggest that GID improves enterprise investment efficiency and raise the doing-business environment by reducing policy uncertainty.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100238,"journal":{"name":"China Economic Quarterly International","volume":"1 3","pages":"Pages 221-232"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75858791","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of air pollution on labor productivity: Evidence from prison factory data","authors":"Shuai Chen , Dandan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.04.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.04.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This study examined the causal relationship between air pollution and labor productivity, by adopting prison factory data for a perfect measure of labor productivity. To address the endogeneity of air pollution, an instrumental variable strategy was used. The results showed that a 10-unit increase in air pollution index led to a significant decrease in labor productivity by 4%. A nonlinear relationship between air pollution and labor productivity was also suggested, which implied that the extreme air pollution reduced labor productivity heavily. This study emphasized the negative externality of air pollution on labor productivity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100238,"journal":{"name":"China Economic Quarterly International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Pages 148-159"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.04.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"106771378","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Gender roles and women’s labor market outcomes","authors":"Zhang Chuanchuan , Wang Jingwen","doi":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using the China General Social Survey data, we tried to examine the impact of gender roles on women’s labor market outcomes. We find that traditional gender roles emphasizing women’s responsibility for housework are negatively related to the employment rate and earnings of women. Although gender roles are persistent and transmit across generations, we find that women’s liberation movements during the planned economy period significantly reshape the concept of gender roles, where we take the intensity of local women’s liberation movements as the proxy variable by using local numbers of the National March 8th Women Pacesetters in 1960 and 1979. Using the intensity of local women’s liberation movements as instrument for gender roles, we find consistent evidences that the traditional gender roles decrease the likelihood of being employed and earnings of women.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100238,"journal":{"name":"China Economic Quarterly International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Pages 97-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.04.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86629146","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Collecting system and payroll tax compliance: Evidence from Chinese firm-level data","authors":"Jue Tang , Jin Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper quantifies the impacts of collecting system on social insurance contribution compliance, taking advantage of a reform around 2000 in China. Using firm-level data, we find that the actual contribution rate and the probability of participation were raised by 3% and 5 percentage points respectively, after changing the collection department from social security department to local tax department. Mechanism analyses show that the effect is larger in areas where the tax collection capacity is stronger and the reform had no significant effects on SOEs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100238,"journal":{"name":"China Economic Quarterly International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Pages 135-147"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92597913","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wenkai Sun , Zhong Zhao , Shuang Shan , Wending Liu
{"title":"Construction and testing of the China's labor marketization index","authors":"Wenkai Sun , Zhong Zhao , Shuang Shan , Wending Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In this paper we used two primary indicators and four secondary indicators to construct China's labor marketization index. We calculated the index at the prefecture-level cities from 2010 to 2016 and tested its correlation with macroeconomic indicators. The results show that there has been much progress in labor marketization in China over the period, and the key to this progress is the quantity factor rather than the price factor. Progress in labor marketization varies considerably across regions and at different levels of cities. The external validity test confirms that this index has a strong scientific basis.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100238,"journal":{"name":"China Economic Quarterly International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Pages 120-134"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.04.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"101530414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Cost-benefit analysis of the Hukou reform: Simulation evidence from a theoretical labor market model","authors":"Yang Song","doi":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We built a labor market model in China to incorporate key features of the current Chinese Hukou system (a system of household registration). Simulation analyses showed that when the Hukou system was fully reformed or abolished, more older workers would migrate to cities, leading to a rise in national GDP and a large reduction in nation-wide income inequality. Moreover, we found that the cost of the policy could be offset by the increase in national GDP. That is to say, the budget concern should not be the obstacle for the Hukou reform. In order to reduce inequality, the government should promote more fundamental Hukou reforms.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100238,"journal":{"name":"China Economic Quarterly International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Pages 109-119"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.03.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"92111174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Do discretion criteria for patent administrative law enforcement encourage innovation among firms?","authors":"Hanxin Lin , Cheryl Xiaoning Long","doi":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The management by administrative authorities of law violations represents one of the instruments for enforcing laws in China, the other way is lawsuit. The law allows administrative discretion to achieve efficiency but may lead to unfair law enforcement. Governments’ establishing patent administrative discretion criteria can deter unfair law enforcement by guiding administrators to determine administrative penalties. As such, a quasi-experimental approach testing the discretion criteria established by provincial patent administrative authorities was used in the current study to evaluate the impact of discretion criteria on law enforcement and innovation among firms. The empirical evidence shows that patent administrative discretion criteria increase the number of patent administrative law enforcement cases and encourage firms to apply for more patents, and this impact is larger for firms in industries where the new product market is broader, patent license fees are higher, patent rights easier to be infringed upon, and R&D duration is lengthier.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100238,"journal":{"name":"China Economic Quarterly International","volume":"1 2","pages":"Pages 160-175"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"96428751","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Winning at the starting line: The primary school premium and housing prices in Beijing","authors":"Xuan Han , Yan Shen , Bo Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2020.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2020.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using housing transaction data from Beijing during 2013–16, this paper evaluates the education premium for good primary schools and its changes. We use the regression discontinuity method to estimate the average education premium and its variation year by year. We take advantage of differences in the right to school enrollment between homeowners and renters to determine the discontinuity boundaries. Furthermore, the difference-in-differences method is applied to investigate the changes in housing prices triggered by changes in the school attendance zones. We find that the average education premium for the top 59 high-quality primary schools in Beijing was about 11% and increased each year. During the sample period, the increase accumulated to more than 50%. The changes in the school attendance zones led to a significant 1.5%–3.5% rise in housing prices. This shows that it would be better to increase the supply of quality education rather than only guiding the demand for it to promote educational equity.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100238,"journal":{"name":"China Economic Quarterly International","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 29-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ceqi.2020.12.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"95499830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The heterogeneous growth effects of the business environment: Firm-level evidence for a global sample of cities","authors":"José-Daniel Reyes , Mark Roberts , Lixin Colin Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2020.09.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceqi.2020.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Using firm-level data covering 709 cities in 128 countries, we examine the role of a comprehensive list of business and institutional environment variables at the sub-national level in explaining firm employment and productivity growth. We find basic protection (with corruption as an element), access to finance and infrastructure, and the existence of a strong agglomeration environment to be critically important. By contrast, human capital and a list of refined business environment variables related to labor regulations, tax, and land access are unimportant. We also find that the effects of the business environment vary according to firm size, age, and the host country’s level of development.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100238,"journal":{"name":"China Economic Quarterly International","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 15-28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ceqi.2020.09.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136401120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Firm debt and labor share: The distribution effect of de-leverage","authors":"Feng Dong , Guangjun Shen , Yang Jiao","doi":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>China is now facing the challenges of high leverage. Our study has examined the role of firms’ rising debt in explaining the decrease in labor share in recent years. We developed a model to show that firms may strategically use debt to increase their bargaining power, resulting in lower labor share. Empirical evidence shows the labor share is robustly negatively related to debt per worker, and the negative correlation varies across ownership, labor union and maturity of debt. The findings imply that the de-leveraging policy may help alleviate the worsening income inequality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100238,"journal":{"name":"China Economic Quarterly International","volume":"1 1","pages":"Pages 59-71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.ceqi.2021.01.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"104056358","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}