Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (Edicion en Espanol)最新文献

{"title":"Valor predictivo de los test preoperatorios para estimar la intubación difícil en pacientes sometidos a la laringoscopia directa para la cirugía de oído, nariz y garganta","authors":"Osman Karakus ,&nbsp;Cengiz Kaya ,&nbsp;Faik Emre Ustun ,&nbsp;Ersin Koksal ,&nbsp;Yasemin Burcu Ustun","doi":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.05.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.05.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p>Predictive value of preoperative tests in estimating difficult intubation may differ in the laryngeal pathologies. Patients who had undergone direct laryngoscopy were reviewed, and predictive value of preoperative tests in estimating difficult intubation was investigated.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Preoperative, and intraoperative anesthesia record forms, and computerized system of the hospital were screened.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 2.611 patients were assessed. In 7.4% of the patients, difficult intubations were detected. Difficult intubations were encountered in some of the patients with Mallampati scoring (MS) system class 4 (50%), Cormack–Lehane classification grade 4 (95.7%), previous knowledge of difficult airway (86.2%), restricted neck movements (cervical range of motion) (75.8%), short thyromental distance (81.6%), vocal cord mass (849.5%) as indicated in parentheses (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->.0001). MS had a low sensitivity, while restricted cervical range of motion, presence of a vocal cord mass, short thyromental distance, and MS each had a relatively higher positive predictive value. Incidence of difficult intubations increased 6.159 and 1.736-fold with each level of increase in Cormack–Lehane classification grade and MS class, respectively. When all tests were considered in combination difficult intubation could be classified accurately in 96.3% of the cases.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Test results predicting difficult intubations in cases with direct laryngoscopy had observedly overlapped with the results provided in the literature for the patient populations in general. Differences in some test results when compared with those of the general population might stem from the concomitant underlying laryngeal pathological conditions in patient populations with difficult intubation.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100199,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (Edicion en Espanol)","volume":"65 2","pages":"Pages 85-91"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.05.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54234340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilización de la presión positiva en el pre- y en el intraoperatorio de cirugía bariátrica y sus efectos sobre el tiempo de extubación","authors":"Letícia Baltieri,&nbsp;Laisa Antonela dos Santos,&nbsp;Irineu Rasera-Junior,&nbsp;Maria Imaculada de Lima Montebelo,&nbsp;Eli Maria Pazzianotto-Forti","doi":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.10.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.10.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><p>To investigate the influence of intraoperative and preoperative airway positive pressure in the time of extubation in patients undergoing bariatric surgery.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Randomized clinical trial, in which 40 individuals with a BMI between 40 and 55<!--> <!-->kg/m², age between 25 and 55 years, nonsmokers, underwent bariatric surgery type Roux-en-Y gastric bypass by laparotomy and with normal preoperative pulmonary function were randomized into the following groups: G-pre (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->10): individuals who received treatment with noninvasive positive pressure before surgery for one hour, G-intra (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->10): individuals who received PEEP of 10<!--> <!-->cm H₂O throughout the surgical procedure and G-control (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->20): not received any pre or intraoperative intervention. Following were recorded: time between induction of anesthesia and extubation, between the end of anesthesia and extubation, duration of mechanical ventilation, and time between extubation and discharge from the post-anesthetic recovery.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was no statistical difference between groups. However, when applied to the Cohen coefficient, the use of PEEP of 10<!--> <!-->cm H₂O during surgery showed a large effect on the time between the end of anesthesia and extubation. About this same time, the treatment performed preoperatively showed moderate effect.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The use of PEEP of 10<!--> <!-->cm H₂O in the intraoperative and positive pressure preoperatively, influenced the time of extubation of patients undergoing bariatric surgery.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100199,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (Edicion en Espanol)","volume":"65 2","pages":"Pages 130-135"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.10.019","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54233211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"El meloxicam subaracnoideo no inhibe la hipernocicepción mecánica en el test de la carragenina en ratones","authors":"Lanucha Fidelis da Luz Moura ,&nbsp;Silvana Bellini Vidor ,&nbsp;Anelise Bonilla Trindade ,&nbsp;Priscilla Domingues Mörschbächer ,&nbsp;Nilson Oleskovicz ,&nbsp;Emerson Antonio Contesini","doi":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.10.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.10.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objective</h3><p>Evaluate the antinociceptive effects of subarachnoid meloxicam on the mechanical hypernociception induced by carrageenan in rats.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Randomized controlled trial. Eighteen adult male Wistar rats underwent a cannula implantation into the subarachnoid space and were randomly divided into two groups: group <span>i</span> received saline solution 5<!--> <!-->μL, while group <span>ii</span> received meloxicam 30<!--> <!-->μg. The mechanical hypernociception was induced by intraplantar injection of carrageenan and evaluated using a digital analgesymeter every 30<!--> <!-->min during a 4<!--> <!-->h period. The results were recorded as the Δ withdrawal threshold (in g), calculated by subtracting the measurement value after.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>The Δ withdrawal threshold mean values were lower in the group of patients treated with meloxicam over all time points between 45 and 165<!--> <!-->min, however, there was no statistical significance (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->.835) for this difference.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Subarachnoid meloxicam at a dose of 30<!--> <!-->μg.animal^–1 did not suppress the mechanical hypernociception in a model of inflammatory pain induced by intraplantar administration of carrageenan in rats. The data suggest that other dosages should be investigated the drug effect is discarded.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100199,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (Edicion en Espanol)","volume":"65 2","pages":"Pages 124-129"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.10.018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54226561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efecto de la infusión de esmolol sobre la necesidad de anestesia en el intraoperatorio y analgesia, náuseas y vómito en el postoperatorio en un grupo de pacientes sometidos a la colecistectomía laparoscópica","authors":"Necla Dereli,&nbsp;Zehra Baykal Tutal,&nbsp;Munire Babayigit,&nbsp;Aysun Kurtay,&nbsp;Mehmet Sahap,&nbsp;Eyup Horasanli","doi":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.08.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.08.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>Postoperative pain and nausea/vomitting (PNV) are common in laparoscopic cholecystectomy patients. Sympatholytic agents might decrease requirements for intravenous or inhalation anesthetics and opioids. In this study we aimed to analyze effects of esmolol on intraoperative anesthetic-postoperative analgesic requirements, postoperative pain and PNV.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Sixty patients have been included. Propofol, remifentanil and vecuronium were used for induction. Study groups were as follows; <span>i</span> – Esmolol infusion was added to maintenance anesthetics (propofol and remifentanil), <span>ii</span> – Only propofol and remifentanil was used during maintenance, <span>iii</span> – Esmolol infusion was added to maintenance anesthetics (desflurane and remifentanil), <span>iv</span> – Only desflurane and remifentanil was used during maintenance. They have been followed up for 24<!--> <!-->h for PNV and analgesic requirements. Visual analog scale scores for pain was also been evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Visual analog scale scores were significantly lowest in group <span>i</span> (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.001-0.028). PNV incidence was significantly lowest in group <span>i</span> (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.026). PNV incidence was also lower in group <span>iii</span> compared to group <span>IV</span> (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.032). Analgesic requirements were significantly lower in group <span>I</span> and was lower in group <span>iii</span> compared to group <span>iv</span> (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.005). Heart rates were significantly lower in esmolol groups (group <span>i</span> and <span>iii</span>) compared to their controls (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.001) however blood pressures were similar in all groups (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.594). Comparison of esmolol groups with controls revealed that there is a significant decrease in anesthetic and opioid requirements (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->0.024-0.03).</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Using esmolol during anesthetic maintenance significantly decreases anesthetic-analgesic requirements, postoperative pain and PNV.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100199,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (Edicion en Espanol)","volume":"65 2","pages":"Pages 141-146"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.08.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54234800","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efecto de la asociación ropivacaína-pancuronio en la transmisión neuromuscular. Eficacia de la neostigmina y 4-aminopiridina en la reversión del bloqueo. Estudio experimental","authors":"Angélica de Fátima Braga ,&nbsp;Vanessa Henriques Carvalho ,&nbsp;Franklin Sarmento Braga ,&nbsp;Gloria Maria Braga Potério ,&nbsp;Filipe Nadir Caparica Santos","doi":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p>The local anesthetic effects on neuromuscular junction and its influence on blockade produced by nondepolarizing neuromuscular blockers are still under-investigated; however, this interaction has been described in experimental studies and in humans. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro the interaction between ropivacaine and pancuronium, the influence on transmission and neuromuscular blockade, and the effectiveness of neostigmine and 4-aminopyridine to reverse the blockade.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Rats were divided into groups (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->5) according to the study drug: ropivacaine (5<!--> <!-->μg.mL⁻¹); pancuronium (2<!--> <!-->μg.mL^–1); ropivacaine<!--> <!-->+<!--> <!-->pancuronium. Neostigmine and 4-aminopyridine were used at concentrations of 2<!--> <!-->μg.mL⁻¹ and 20<!--> <!-->μg.mL⁻¹, respectively. The effects of ropivacaine on membrane potential) and miniature end-plate potential, the amplitude of diaphragm responses before and 60<!--> <!-->min after the addition of ropivacaine (degree of neuromuscular blockade with pancuronium and with the association of pancuronium-ropivacaine), and the effectiveness of neostigmine and 4-aminopyridine on neuromuscular block reversal were evaluated.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Ropivacaine did not alter the amplitude of muscle response (the membrane potential), but decreased the frequency and amplitude of the miniature end-plate potential. Pancuronium blockade was potentiated by ropivacaine, and partially and fully reversed by neostigmine and 4-aminopyridine, respectively.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Ropivacaine increased the neuromuscular block produced by pancuronium. The complete antagonism with 4-aminopyridine suggests presynaptic action of ropivacaine.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100199,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (Edicion en Espanol)","volume":"65 2","pages":"Pages 136-140"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.12.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54235232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efecto de la lidocaína venosa intraoperatoria sobre el dolor e interleucina-6 plasmática en pacientes sometidas a histerectomía","authors":"Caio Marcio Barros de Oliveira ,&nbsp;Rioko Kimiko Sakata ,&nbsp;Alexandre Slullitel ,&nbsp;Reinaldo Salomão ,&nbsp;Vera Lucia Lanchote ,&nbsp;Adriana Machado Issy","doi":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.07.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.07.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p>Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a predictor of trauma severity. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of intravenous lidocaine on pain severity and plasma IL-6 after hysterectomy.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>A prospective, randomized, comparative, double-blind study with 40 patients, aged 18-60 years. G1 received lidocaine (2<!--> <!-->mg.kg⁻¹.h⁻¹) or G2 received 0.9% saline solution during the operation. Anesthesia was induced with O₂/isoflurane. Pain severity (T0: awake and 6, 12, 18 and 24<!--> <!-->hours), first analgesic request, and dose of morphine in 24<!--> <!-->hours were evaluated. IL-6 was measured before starting surgery (T0), 5<!--> <!-->hours after the start (T5), and 24<!--> <!-->hours after the end of surgery (T24).</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>There was no difference in pain severity between groups. There was a decrease in pain severity between T0 and other measurement times in G1. Time to first supplementation was greater in G2 (76.0<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->104.4<!--> <!-->min) than in G1 (26.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->23.3<!--> <!-->min). There was no difference in supplemental dose of morphine between G1 (23.5<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->12.6<!--> <!-->mg) and G2 (18.7<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->11.3<!--> <!-->mg). There were increased concentrations of IL-6 in both groups from T0 to T5 and T24. There was no difference in IL-6 dosage between groups. Lidocaine concentration was 856.5<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->364.1<!--> <!-->ng.ml⁻¹ in T5 and 30.1<!--> <!-->±<!--> <!-->14.2<!--> <!-->ng.ml⁻¹ in T24.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Intravenous lidocaine (2<!--> <!-->mg.kg⁻¹.h⁻¹) did not reduce pain severity and plasma levels of IL-6 in patients undergoing abdominal hysterectomy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100199,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (Edicion en Espanol)","volume":"65 2","pages":"Pages 92-98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.07.018","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54225448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Implantación de residencia en anestesiología en el interior del nordeste de Brasil: impacto en los procesos de trabajo y en la motivación profesional","authors":"Cláudia Regina Fernandes ,&nbsp;Rafael Queiroz de Sousa ,&nbsp;Francisco Sávio Alves Arcanjo ,&nbsp;Gerardo Cristino de Menezes Neto ,&nbsp;Josenília Maria Alves Gomes ,&nbsp;Renata Rocha Barreto Giaxa","doi":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.08.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.08.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p>Understand, through the theory of social representations, the influence exerted by the establishment a residency program in anesthesiology on anesthetic care and professional motivation in a tertiary teaching hospital in the Northeast of Brazil.</p></div><div><h3>Method</h3><p>Qualitative methodology. The theoretical framework comprised the phenomenology and the social representation theory. Five multidisciplinary focus groups were formed with 17 health professionals (5 surgeons, 5 anesthesiologists, 2 nurses, and 5 nursing technicians), who work in operating rooms and post-anesthesia care units, all with prior and posterior experience to the establishment of residency.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>From the response content analysis, the following empirical categories emerged: motivation to upgrade, recycling of anesthesiologists and improving anesthetic practice, resident as an interdisciplinary link in perioperative care, improvements in the quality of perioperative care, recognition of weaknesses in the perioperative process. It was evident upper gastrointestinal bleeding secondary to prolonged intubation that the creation of a residency in anesthesiology brings advancements that are reflected in the motivation of anesthesiologists; the resident worked as an interdisciplinary link between the multidisciplinary team; there was recognition of weaknesses in the system, which were identified and actions to overcome it were proposed.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>The implementation of a residency program in anesthesiology at a tertiary education hospital in the Northeast of Brazil promoted scientific updates, improved the quality of care and processes of interdisciplinary care, recognized the weaknesses of the service, developed action plans and suggested that this type of initiative may be useful in remote areas of developing countries.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100199,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (Edicion en Espanol)","volume":"65 2","pages":"Pages 155-161"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.08.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54225708","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cefalea pospunción dural para cesárea: ¿las estrategias preventivas son peores que la curación?","authors":"Prakhar Gyanesh ,&nbsp;Radhika K. ,&nbsp;Manju Sinha ,&nbsp;Rudrashish Haldar","doi":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.04.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.04.003","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100199,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (Edicion en Espanol)","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 82-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.04.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54233940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparación entre el sulfato de magnesio y la dexmedetomidina en hipotensión controlada durante cirugía funcional endoscópica de los senos paranasales","authors":"Adnan Bayram ,&nbsp;Ayşe Ülgey ,&nbsp;Işın Güneş ,&nbsp;İbrahim Ketenci ,&nbsp;Ayşe Çapar ,&nbsp;Aliye Esmaoğlu ,&nbsp;Adem Boyacı","doi":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.04.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.04.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p>It is crucial to decrease bleeding during functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Our primary goal was to investigate the effects of magnesium sulfate and dexmedetomidine used for controlled hypotension on the visibility of the surgical site.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>60 patients aged between 18 and 65 years were enrolled. In the magnesium sulfate group (group M), patients were administered 40<!--> <!-->mg/kg magnesium sulfate in 100<!--> <!-->mL saline solution over 10<!--> <!-->min as the intravenous loading dose 10<!--> <!-->min before induction, with a subsequent 10–15<!--> <!-->μg/kg/h infusion during surgery. In the dexmedetomidine group (group D), patients were administered 1<!--> <!-->μg/kg dexmedetomidine in 100<!--> <!-->mL saline solution as the loading dose 10<!--> <!-->min before surgery and 0.5–1<!--> <!-->μg/kg/h dexmedetomidine during surgery. Deliberate hypotension was defined as a mean arterial pressure of 60–70<!--> <!-->mmHg.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Bleeding score was significantly decreased in group D (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->.002). Mean arterial pressure values were significantly decreased in group D compared to that in group M, except for the initial stage, after induction and 5<!--> <!-->min after intubation (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->.05). The number of patients who required nitroglycerine was significantly lower in group D (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->.01) and surgeon satisfaction was significantly increased in the same group (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->.001). Aldrete recovery score<!--> <!-->≥<!--> <!-->9 duration was significantly shorter in group D (<em>P</em> <!-->=<!--> <!-->.001). There was no difference between the two groups in terms of recovery room verbal numerical rating scale.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Dexmedetomidine can provide more effective controlled hypotension and thus contribute to improved visibility of the surgical site.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100199,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (Edicion en Espanol)","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 61-67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bjanes.2014.04.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54233834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"La dexmedetomidina rectal en ratones: evaluación de los efectos sedativos y sobre la mucosa","authors":"Volkan Hanci ,&nbsp;Kanat Gülle ,&nbsp;Kemal Karakaya ,&nbsp;Serhan Yurtlu ,&nbsp;Meryem Akpolat ,&nbsp;Mehmet Fatih Yüce ,&nbsp;Fatma Zehra Yüce ,&nbsp;Işıl Özkoçak Turan","doi":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and objectives</h3><p>In this study, we investigated the anesthetic and mucosal effects of the rectal application of dexmedetomidine to rats.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>Male Wistar albino rats weighing 250–300<!--> <!-->g were divided into four groups: group S (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->8) was a sham group that served as a baseline for the normal basal values; Group C (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->8) consisted of rats that received the rectal application of saline alone; group IPDex (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->8) included rats that received the intraperitoneal application of dexmedetomidine (100<!--> <!-->μg/kg⁻¹); and group RecDex (n<!--> <!-->=<!--> <!-->8) included rats that received the rectal application of dexmedetomidine (100<!--> <!-->μg/kg⁻¹). For the rectal drug administration, we used 22<!--> <!-->G intravenous cannulas with the stylets removed. We administered the drugs by advancing the cannula 1<!--> <!-->cm into the rectum, and the rectal administration volume was 1<!--> <!-->mL for all the rats. The latency and anesthesia time (min) were measured. Two hours after rectal administration, 75<!--> <!-->mg/kg⁻¹ ketamine was administered for intraperitoneal anesthesia in all the groups, followed by the removal of the rats’ rectums to a distal distance of 3<!--> <!-->cm via an abdominoperineal surgical procedure. We histopathologically examined and scored the rectums.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>Anesthesia was achieved in all the rats in the group RecDex following the administration of dexmedetomidine. The onset of anesthesia in the group RecDex was significantly later and of a shorter duration than in the group IPDEx (<em>P</em> <!-->&lt;<!--> <!-->.05). In the Group RecDex, the administration of dexmedetomidine induced mild–moderate losses of mucosal architecture in the colon and rectum, 2<!--> <!-->h after rectal inoculation.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><p>Although 100<!--> <!-->μg/kg⁻¹ dexmedetomidine administered rectally to rats achieved a significantly longer duration of anesthesia compared with the rectal administration of saline, our histopathological evaluations showed that the rectal administration of 100<!--> <!-->μg/kg⁻¹ dexmedetomidine led to mild–moderate damage to the mucosal structure of the rectum.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100199,"journal":{"name":"Brazilian Journal of Anesthesiology (Edicion en Espanol)","volume":"65 1","pages":"Pages 1-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.bjanes.2013.09.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54225769","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}