{"title":"Effects of Annual Thermal Regime on Growth Trajectories of Native Age-0 Brook Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)","authors":"Chase M. Daiek, Jill B. K. Leonard","doi":"10.1002/aff2.70053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70053","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rapidly increasing temperatures of aquatic systems associated with climate change represent a novel threat to populations of brook trout (<i>Salvelinus fontinalis</i>), and much uncertainty remains about the potential of these populations to acclimate, adapt or compensate for such changes. The current study evaluated growth patterns of young-of-the-year brook trout in two tributaries with dramatically different annual thermal regimes. Using a common garden design, we evaluated the effect of variable incubation temperatures on embryo size, developmental phenology, yolk sac allocation, hatch timing and size at hatch under laboratory conditions. The results of the current study provide evidence for plasticity in the developmental response of brook trout to withstand moderate effects of climate change. The results of the field studies demonstrated wide variability among populations, individuals and cohorts. Laboratory studies suggested that population differences were largely mitigated by the effect of the environment and that incubation conditions appeared to have a strong moderating effect on population differences in early development.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.70053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143689165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Md. Rabiul Awal, KOTB A. Attia, Maliha Khanom, Md. Ashikur Rahman, Md. Saiful Islam, Arif Ahmed Mohammed, Yaser M. Hafez, Yahia Mahmud, Anuradha Bhadra
{"title":"Evaluation of Biometric and Breeding Biology of the Striped Snakehead Channa striata in the Haor Region: Conservation and Effective Management","authors":"Md. Rabiul Awal, KOTB A. Attia, Maliha Khanom, Md. Ashikur Rahman, Md. Saiful Islam, Arif Ahmed Mohammed, Yaser M. Hafez, Yahia Mahmud, Anuradha Bhadra","doi":"10.1002/aff2.70058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70058","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study was investigated to assess growth patterns, sex ratio, first sexual maturity, gonadosomatic index (GSI), fecundity and ovarian development of <i>Channa striata</i> in the Haor of Kishoreganj, Bangladesh, for long-term management and conservation purposes. The results of the study indicated that the female fish showed positive allometric growth (<i>b</i> > 3), whereas the male showed negative allometric growth (<i>b</i> < 3). There were no significant differences (<i>p</i> > 0.05) in the Fulton's condition factor (<i>C<sub>F</sub></i>) and relative condition factor (<i>K<sub>n</sub></i>) between the sexes. The <i>K<sub>n</sub></i> value indicates that the fish is in excellent health condition. The chi-square test indicated a slight deviation from a 1:1 sex ratio for the sampled months, with a statistically significant difference (<i>χ</i><sup>2</sup> = 0.04, <i>p</i> < 0.05). The findings indicated that 50% of female and male fish reached sexual maturity at lengths of 29.30 and 26.74 cm, respectively. The results showed that both sexes reached their maximum GSI value in June, whereas October recorded the lowest value. The findings showed that the mean absolute fecundity was 12,049 during the study period, with June showing the peak value (28,768) and December showing the lowest value (3128). The microscopic study of gonadal tissues identified five separate stages of gonadal development. This study will contribute to comprehending the reproductive traits of <i>C. striata</i> and further contribute to sustainable fisheries management in the Haor region.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.70058","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143638983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Systematic Literature Review Identifying Core Genera in the Gut Microbiome of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and Species-level Microbial Community Analysis Using Long-Read Amplicon Sequencing","authors":"Mio Takeuchi, Kazuhiro Sugahara","doi":"10.1002/aff2.70054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70054","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Rainbow trout (<i>Oncorhynchus mykiss</i>) is an important fish in global aquaculture. Various feed additives to suppress disease or reduce fish meal use have been studied. These manipulations influence the gut microbiome, which is considered to be linked to host health. However, a consensus remains to be established on the healthy gut microbiome composition. This study aimed to identify core genera in the gut of rainbow trout via a systematic review of 39 articles and determine candidate core species using long-read amplicon sequencing targeting the full-length 16S rRNA gene. <i>Mycoplasma</i>, <i>Aeromonas</i>, <i>Clostridium</i>, <i>Deefgea</i>, <i>Streptococcus</i>, <i>Cetobacterium</i>, <i>Lactobacillus</i>, <i>Lactococcus</i>, <i>Methylobacterium</i>, <i>Corynebacterium</i>, <i>Shewanella</i> and <i>Staphylococcus</i> were identified as core genera in the autochthonous gut microbiome of rainbow trout based on the systematic review. In addition, through long-read amplicon sequencing, we identified candidate core species of the core genera of rainbow trout, such as <i>Latilactobacillus sakei</i>, <i>Clostridium gasigeness</i>, <i>Deefgea piscis</i> and <i>Pseudomonas yamanorum</i>. These findings may ultimately contribute to the development of manipulation technologies in aquaculture.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.70054","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143646176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Self-Reproducing Population of Common Carp Cyprinus carpio at 59°16'N in Sweden","authors":"Joacim Näslund, Mikael Andersson","doi":"10.1002/aff2.70056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70056","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this brief report, we report on the occurrence of young-of-the-year common carp, as well as older juveniles, in a golf course irrigation pond in Stockholm County, Sweden (59°16′40.4″N 18°28′0.6″E). This documents a case of natural reproduction of the regularly stocked non-native carp in Swedish waters, near the northern limit for the stocking operations. Stocking of common carp in Sweden is generally conducted under assumptions that reproduction is not possible due to low spring-time water temperatures not meeting the reproductive requirements of common carp. Our observation suggests that risks for ecological impacts through the establishment of self-reproducing populations of common carp can be higher than previously assumed. We recommend that this observation is considered when deciding on permits for future carp stocking in Sweden.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.70056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143571211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Shanur Jahedul Hasan, Mohammad Mahfujul Haque, Md. Aktaruzzaman, Md. Mizbahul Noor Anower Kabir, Md. Saifullah Bin Aziz
{"title":"Relationship Between Marine Fish Production and Climatic and Oceanographic Factors: Evidence From the Bay of Bengal, Bangladesh","authors":"Shanur Jahedul Hasan, Mohammad Mahfujul Haque, Md. Aktaruzzaman, Md. Mizbahul Noor Anower Kabir, Md. Saifullah Bin Aziz","doi":"10.1002/aff2.70049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70049","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The fisheries sector is a cornerstone of Bangladesh's economy, contributing significantly to national gross domestic product (GDP) and export earnings. However, the production of other marine fish falls short of national expectations due to various reasons, such as overexploitation, destruction of habitat, pollution, climate change and increasing pressure of poor fishers. This study examines the relationships between marine fish production, and climatic and oceanographic variables along the Cox's Bazar coast in the Bay of Bengal (BoB). Utilizing marine fish production data collected from fish landing centre, and satellite remote sensing data, the study evaluates the relationship between marine fish landing of five different groups and climatic and oceanographic variables. Multiple linear regression (MLR) models were employed to assess these relationships flowing into key analytical steps. The analysis revealed that certain climatic and oceanographic variables, including monthly average precipitation (LnPrecep), relative humidity (LnRhdt), sea surface temperature (LnSST), chlorophyll-A concentration (LnChl), salinity (LnSalinity) and dissolved oxygen (LnDo), have a combined explanatory power of 30.7, 46.10, 30.7, 40.4 and 24.0%, respectively, for the observed variability in monthly landing of five groups of marine fishes (hilsa, chanda, mackerel, rita and mixed) at Bangladesh Fisheries Development Corporation (BFDC)'s fish landing centre of Cox's Bazar. Additionally, these factors explain 38.8% of the variability in the total monthly landing of these five kinds of fishes combined. All the models were found to be statistically significant (<i>p</i> < 0.05). However, the relatively low <i>R</i><sup>2</sup> values indicate other unaccounted factors, such as human pressure, particularly the increasing fishing pressure exerted by poor fishers contributing to reduction of marine fish production. These results highlight the relationships of climatic and oceanographic variables, and the volume of fish landings, or marine fish production, in the BoB, emphasizing the need for further research that includes growing fishing pressure to support sustainable marine fisheries management.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.70049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Elizabeth Nyauchi, Gerald Kwikiriza, Harald Meimberg, Geoffrey Ong'ondo
{"title":"Morphometric Characterization of Oreochromis Species Habitating in Jipe Lake, Kenya","authors":"Elizabeth Nyauchi, Gerald Kwikiriza, Harald Meimberg, Geoffrey Ong'ondo","doi":"10.1002/aff2.70051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70051","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lake Jipe, a shared resource at the Kenya-Tanzania border, has experienced significant fish introductions impacting its fish diversity. Despite these changes, the variations in morphometric characters of fish in the lake have not been documented following the establishment of non-native <i>Oreochromis</i> species. To address this, the present study assessed the morphological differences in <i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>, <i>Oreochromis jipe</i> and <i>Oreochromis esculentus</i> in Lake Jipe using morphometric traits to improve species identification for ease of fisheries management and conservation of the lake. These three species are known to share overlapping traits which makes their differentiation challenging. Using Image Analysis in ImageJ software version 1.54i and statistical analysis using R Version 4.3, the study hypothesized there were no significant differences in the morphometric characteristics of <i>Oreochromis</i> species in the lake. Welch's ANOVA revealed statistically significant correlations (<i>p < </i>0.05) consistent in all species, with standard length and dorsal having the highest degree of significant positive association with total length, <i>r </i>> 0.8 across species. Correlations were weaker between total length and traits like caudal length (CL) and head length (HL), <i>r < </i>0.5. All species exhibited negative allometric growth pattern (<i>b</i> < 3) suggesting faster growth in length than weight. This has important implications for fisheries management by guiding size-based harvesting strategies for sustainability. PCA revealed two principal components, (PC1 = 75.8%, PC2 = 10.4%) which contributed significantly to the observed variance in TL with TW. This study discriminated the species with total body weight and total length being the most distinctive morphometric measurements. Cluster dendrograms displayed site-specific species grouping with mixed groupings in the dendrograms indicative of potential hybridization events, especially where species distribution overlaps. This underscores the importance of further research to confirm species identity and potential admixture using genetic analyses. By refining the distinguishing traits, this study contributes to improved monitoring and management of <i>Oreochromis</i> fish populations in Lake Jipe.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.70051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143565055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Erratum to “Saprolegniosis in Aquaculture and How to Control It?”","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/aff2.70052","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70052","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Lindholm-Lehto PC, Pylkkö P. Aqua. Fish & Fisheries. 2024;4:e2200. https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.200</p><p>In the caption of Figure 1 (on page 4 of 22) ‘arctic char (<i>Salvelinus alpinus</i>)’ was incorrect. It should be ‘brown trout (<i>Salmo trutta</i>)’.</p><p>We apologise for this error.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.70052","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143533498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Multispecies Probiotics Relieve High Temperature–Induced Growth Obstruction and Stress on Rohu (Labeo rohita) by Activating GH/IGF Axis","authors":"Zannatul Ferdous, Joya Chakrabarty, Md. Rasel Mahomud, Rakib Hossain Shawon, Tamanna Ferdous, Md. Mahiuddin Zahangir, Md. Shahjahan","doi":"10.1002/aff2.70050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70050","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global warming is upsetting for aquatic species, and probiotic treatment may help to diminish its impacts. In order to counter the negative consequences of elevated temperature on growth and well-being, rearing water of rohu (<i>Labeo rohita</i>) was supplemented with multispecies probiotics (1.0 mL/L). For 6 weeks, fingerlings weighing 10.08 ± 0.13 g were raised in triplicate at normal temperature (30°C) and higher temperatures (33°C and 36°C) with or without probiotics. Fish treated without probiotics showed substantial decreases in weight gain (WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) at 36°C in contrast to normal temperature (30°C). However, fish reared with probiotics showed enhanced WG and SGR at the highest temperature (36°C) compared to fish maintained without probiotics. In the group of fish supplemented with probiotics under high-temperature conditions, haemoglobin levels increased while glucose levels decreased. The number of irregularities in cells and nuclei of erythrocytes was dramatically reduced in probiotic-treated fish at 36°C. The relative mRNA level of three growth-relevant genes (growth hormone, <i>gh</i>, in the pituitary; insulin-like growth factor 1 and 2, <i>igf-1</i> and <i>igf-2</i>, in the liver) decreased with increasing temperature but rose after probiotic addition. Fish at 36°C revealed a notable upregulation regarding the expression of genes for stress-associated heat shock protein 70 and 90 (<i>hsp70</i> and <i>hsp90</i>), whereas their expressions were lowered following probiotics administration. Considering as a whole, the addition of probiotics to water improved blood biochemistry and cellular structure of blood and increased the expression levels of GH and IGF which consequently relieved growth retardation and stress in rohu.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-03-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.70050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143530210","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Impact of Vitamin C on Growth, Haemato-Immunological Characteristics and Stress Tolerance Capability of Climbing Perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch, 1792)","authors":"Tanwi Dey, Md. Sakhawat Hossain, Md. Mostufa Kamal, Piash Kumer Ghosh, Md. Shahab Uddin, Md. Tariqul Alam, Sohel Mian, Md. Jakiul Islam","doi":"10.1002/aff2.70048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70048","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Climbing perch, <i>Anabas testudineus</i>, were fed four diets: D0, D500, D1000 and D1500, containing 0, 500, 1000 and 1500 mg of vitamin C per kg of basal diet, respectively, over 70 days. After the growth trial, significantly higher final weight, percent body weight (%WG) and specific growth rate (SGR) were observed in fish fed D1000 followed by D500 and D0 diets. However, D1500 diet-fed fish had a significantly lower growth performance among all diet groups. The best feed conversion ratio and protein efficiency ratio were observed in fish fed D1000, followed by D500, with no significant difference between D0 and D1500 groups. Blood parameters were significantly influenced by vitamin C dosages. Fish fed on the D1000 diet exhibited significantly higher white blood cell (WBC), monocyte (MONO) and granulocyte (GRA) counts among all dietary groups. Vitamin C supplementation significantly increased platelet count in the D1000 group. Haemoglobin, haematocrit and red blood cell (RBC) counts showed an increasing trend with higher vitamin C levels, with the highest values in fish fed D1500 followed by D1000 diet. Total immunoglobulin (Ig) content was significantly higher in fish fed D1000 and D1500 diets compared to others, while peroxidase and catalase activity remained unaffected by the vitamin C levels. Vitamin C supplementation enhanced the salinity stress tolerance of fish, with the highest lethal time of 50% mortality (LT50) observed in the D1000 group, while other groups showed intermediate values. The polynomial regression analysis of %WG, LT50, WBC and Ig revealed that the optimum vitamin C supplementation levels were 773.75, 866.67, 934.71 and 1062.5 mg/kg diet, respectively, for climbing perch; these values are also in line with most of the growth and health performance parameters of the fish.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":"5 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.70048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143513599","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sudip Debnath, Md. Shahin Parvez, Sayma Sadia, K. M. Rakibur Hossain, Md. Nazmul Ahsan
{"title":"Effect of Dietary Protein Levels on Growth, Body Composition, and Haematology of Tilapia in Biofloc Without Solid Management System","authors":"Sudip Debnath, Md. Shahin Parvez, Sayma Sadia, K. M. Rakibur Hossain, Md. Nazmul Ahsan","doi":"10.1002/aff2.70046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/aff2.70046","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study investigated the effects of varying dietary protein levels on the performance of tilapia reared in biofloc culture system without solid management. Five experimental diets containing crude protein (CP) levels of 32, 28, 24, 20, and 16% were tested in a completely randomized design in triplicate. Tilapia fingerlings (mean initial weight of 40.82 ± 0.38 g) were randomly stocked in biofloc tanks (effective water volume of 300 L) at a stocking density of 65 fish m<sup>−3</sup>. After 13 weeks of feeding trial, significant differences were observed in final weight (g), daily growth (g day<sup>−1</sup>), feed conversion ratio, and yield (kg m<sup>−3</sup>) (<i>p</i> <i><</i> 0.05). Water quality parameters remained unaffected by dietary treatments (<i>p</i> <i>></i> 0.5). Notably, fish fed with diets containing 32%, 28%, and 24% CP demonstrated similar growth performance. Based on weight gain, a linear response plateau model estimated the minimal dietary CP level of 24.5%. Dietary CP levels altered visceral index (<i>p</i> <i><</i> 0.05), but not visceral fat index, hepatosomatic index, or spleen somatic index (<i>p</i> <i>></i> 0.05). Similarly, dietary CP levels did not significantly affect the fish composition (<i>p</i> <i>></i> 0.05) and the haematological parameters of the experimental fish (<i>p</i> <i>></i> 0.05). These results suggest that dietary protein in a small-scale biofloc system can be reduced from 32% to 24.5% without compromising fish health. However, appropriate solid management in biofloc systems is recommended to ensure optimal growth of fish.</p>","PeriodicalId":100114,"journal":{"name":"Aquaculture, Fish and Fisheries","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/aff2.70046","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143481473","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}