Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde最新文献_第5页

Occurrence of pathogens in associated living bark beetles (Col., Scolytidae) from different spruce stands in Austria 奥地利不同云杉林相关活树皮甲虫（Col.，Scolytidae）病原体的发生

Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde Pub Date : 2003-02-06 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0280.2003.03007.x

U. Händel , R. Wegensteiner , J. Weiser , Z. Zizka

{"title":"Occurrence of pathogens in associated living bark beetles (Col., Scolytidae) from different spruce stands in Austria","authors":"U. \u0000 Händel\u0000 \u0000 , R. \u0000 Wegensteiner\u0000 \u0000 , J. \u0000 Weiser\u0000 \u0000 , Z. \u0000 Zizka","doi":"10.1046/j.1439-0280.2003.03007.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2003.03007.x","url":null,"abstract":"Pathogen occurrence was studied in 16 099 adult specimens of 10 different bark beetle species, which live associated on Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.). Beetles (mainly Ips typographus L. and Pityogenes chalcographus L.) were collected from 6 different localities in Austria (4 secondary spruce stands and 2 natural forest type stands, 9 sampling plots in total) in elevations between 400 m and 1600 m. Various viral, protozoan, and fungal pathogens could be diagnosed with a light microscope in the examined beetles. Numerous pathogen species were known from former studies, some pathogens were totally new or could be found in a new host species beside their type host. The most dominant pathogen species were Protozoa, Gregarina cf. typographi, Malamoeba cf. scolyti, and Chytridiopsis cf. typographi. Over the whole investigation period, the highest pathogen diversity with eight pathogen species was found in I. typographus. Differences were observed in the pathogen complex of each beetle species from the different collection sites and in different years of investigation. Several species showed an overlapping in their host range and infected various bark beetle species. Furthermore, pathogen occurrence and prevalence differed in bark beetles from 4 different sampling plots in an area (one locality) within a distance of a few kilometres.","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2003.03007.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71947923","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32

Entomophthoralean fungi associated with the common nettle aphid (Microlophium carnosum Buckton) and the potential role of nettle patches as reservoirs for the pathogens in landscape 与普通荨麻蚜（Microlophium carnosum Buckton）相关的虫霉真菌以及荨麻斑块作为病原体在景观中的潜在宿主作用

Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde Pub Date : 2003-02-06 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0280.2003.03004.x

M. Barta, L. Cagáň

{"title":"Entomophthoralean fungi associated with the common nettle aphid (Microlophium carnosum Buckton) and the potential role of nettle patches as reservoirs for the pathogens in landscape","authors":"M. Barta, L. Cagáň","doi":"10.1046/j.1439-0280.2003.03004.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2003.03004.x","url":null,"abstract":"Populations of the common nettle aphid, Microlophium carnosum Buckton, inhabiting nettle patches in an agricultural landscape were surveyed for entomophthoralean infection during 1998, 1999 and 2001. Five pathogenic species were identified from the aphid in the course of the survey. Erynia neoaphidis Remaudière & Hennebert, Neozygites fresenii (Nowakowski) Remaudière & Keller, and Neozygites microlophii Keller affected aphid colonies every year. Two minor pathogens, Entomophthora planchoniana Cornu and Conidiobolus obscurus (Hall & Dunn) Remaudière & Keller, were observed only in 2001.An artificial transmission of the three main fungi was carried out to prove horizontal transmission of infection between the common nettle aphid and different aphid species co-occurring in landscape. N. microlophii, probably monophagous pathogen, did not infect any of the six recipient aphid species in the experiment. Transmissions of E. neoaphidis and N. fresenii conidia were successful with five and four aphid species, respectively. The average mortality of tested aphids after transmission ranged from 0 to 33.33 % for E. neoaphidis and from 0 to 15 % for N. fresenii.The potential of nettle patches as natural reservoirs for pathogens in the agroecosystem is discussed.","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2003-02-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1439-0280.2003.03004.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71947926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Studies on diets and population dynamics of the cigarette beetle Lasioderma serricorne F. (Col., Anobiidae) 烟甲虫Lasioderma serricorne F.（Col.，Anobiidae）的日粮和种群动态研究

Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde Pub Date : 2003-02-06 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0280.2003.03005.x

M.A. Magd El-Din

引用次数: 5

Distribution and history of Russian wheat aphid, Diuraphis noxia (Kurdj.) in the Carpathian Basin (Hom., Aphididae) 喀尔巴阡山盆地俄罗斯麦蚜Diuraphis noxia（Kurdj.）的分布和历史（Hom，蚜科）

Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde Pub Date : 2003-02-06 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0280.2003.03006.x

P. Starý , Z. Basky , L. K. Tanigoshi , Z. Tomanovicć

引用次数: 19

Development of the red palm weevil, Rhynchophorus ferrugineus (Olivier), (Coleoptera, Curculionidae) on natural and synthetic diets 红棕象甲(鞘翅目，虎甲科)在天然和人工饲料上的发展

Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde Pub Date : 2002-10-14 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02039.x

H. S. Salama, A. S. Abdel-Razek

引用次数: 38

Populations of aphids, whiteflies and associated predators and parasites on different vegetables cultivated in plastic greenhouses 在塑料大棚中种植的不同蔬菜上的蚜虫、白蝇及其相关捕食者和寄生虫种群

Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde Pub Date : 2002-10-14 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02036.x

F. N. Zaki , M. F. El-Shaaraway , N. A. Farag

{"title":"Populations of aphids, whiteflies and associated predators and parasites on different vegetables cultivated in plastic greenhouses","authors":"F. N. \u0000 Zaki\u0000 \u0000 , M. F. \u0000 El-Shaaraway\u0000 \u0000 , N. A. \u0000 Farag","doi":"10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02036.x","DOIUrl":"10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02036.x","url":null,"abstract":"During 1996 and 1997, populations of aphids and whiteflies and their parasites were studied in plastic greenhouses under a chemical control program and in those free of pesticides. In the greenhouses free of pesticides, the parasite A. colemani destroyed 14.7 % of the aphids. B. tabaci had no effect on the cucumbers during the spring cultivation. However, it attacked the autumn cultivation. The parasite E. mundus killed 30 % of these nymphs. \u0000\u0000The parasite A. colemani parasitized up to 10 % of aphids on tomato plants in greenhouses free of chemical pesticides. The parasite E. mundus killed 15.7 % of whitefly nymphs. \u0000\u0000In greenhouses under a chemical pesticides program, aphids and whiteflies were found on the plants at the end of the plantation season, after the pesticide spraying had stopped. Although the pest population was low, the parasite A. colemani parasitized 8 % of the aphid population. Whiteflies were not found on tomato plants in greenhouses under extensive pesticides use.","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02036.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128054826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Biological characteristics and life tables of Neoseiulus umbraticusChant (Acari, Phytoseiidae) at three constant temperatures 三种恒温条件下黑斑新绥螨的生物学特性及生命表

Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde Pub Date : 2002-10-14 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02034.x

C. Kazak, S. Yildiz, E. Sekeroglu

{"title":"Biological characteristics and life tables of Neoseiulus umbraticusChant (Acari, Phytoseiidae) at three constant temperatures","authors":"C. Kazak, S. Yildiz, E. Sekeroglu","doi":"10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02034.x","DOIUrl":"10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02034.x","url":null,"abstract":"The development time, survival and fecundity of the generalist predatory mite, Neoseiulus umbraticusChant, were determined at 20, 25, and 30 °C and 65 ± 10 % RH. N. umbraticus females completed development in 9.7, 8.0 and 5.9 days, respectively, using a diet of all life stages of Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisduval. Total developmental times of males were relatively shorter at 25 and 30 °C than at 20 °C. In general, preoviposition, oviposition, and postoviposition periods of N. umbraticus shortened as temperature increased. The longest survival rate of N. umbraticus of 80.5 days occurred at 20 °C, followed by 67.0 and 57.6 days at 25 and 30 °C, respectively. \u0000\u0000Mated females laid an average 0.9, 1.3 and 1.4 eggs per female per day and 33.1, 44.0 and 43.6 eggs over their entire lives at 20, 25 and 30 °C, respectively. The sex ratios of this species were 0.57, 0.57 and 0.54 female (female+male) at 20, 25 and 30 °C, respectively. The intrinsic rate of increase (rm) became greater with rising temperatures from 0.123 at 20 °C to 0.180 at 30 °C. The net reproduction rate (Ro) was highest at 25 °C (25.0 females/female) and lowest at 20 °C (18.8 females/female), while To decreased with increasing temperatures, from 23.8 days at 20 °C to 17.5 days at 30 °C.","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02034.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124594835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Side effects of botanical insecticides on predatory mite Amblyseius andersoni (Chant) 植物性杀虫剂对安德氏钝绥螨的毒副作用

Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde Pub Date : 2002-10-14 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02035.x

M. Castagnoli , G. Angeli , M. Liguori , D. Forti , S. Simoni

{"title":"Side effects of botanical insecticides on predatory mite Amblyseius andersoni (Chant)","authors":"M. \u0000 Castagnoli\u0000 \u0000 , G. \u0000 Angeli\u0000 \u0000 , M. \u0000 Liguori\u0000 \u0000 , D. \u0000 Forti\u0000 \u0000 , S. \u0000 Simoni","doi":"10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02035.x","DOIUrl":"10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02035.x","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of the botanical insecticides Biopiren plus, Piresan plus and Neemazal T/S on the predatory mite Amblyseius andersoni (Chant) were tested under laboratory, semi-field, and field conditions. The tests carried out in the laboratory allowed detection of the direct toxicity on eggs and females as well as the effects on fecundity, whereas semi-field trials assessed their residual toxicity. In laboratory and semi-field tests, pyrethrins, particularly Piresan plus, proved to have the highest toxicity with E value, concerning both female mortality and fecundity, of 100 % and 45 %, respectively. The same product tested in the field only caused a significant reduction in the phytoseiid population shortly after the treatment. The relevant escape rate registered in semi-field tests could explain the lack of phytoseiid eradication in the field after treatment with pyrethrins.","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02035.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129415177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 20

Sucking rates of the white-backed planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horv.) (Homoptera, Delphacidae) and yield loss of rice 白背飞虱(同翅目，飞虱科)的吸吮率与水稻产量损失

Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde Pub Date : 2002-10-14 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02043.x

Z.-R. Zhu, J. Cheng

{"title":"Sucking rates of the white-backed planthopper Sogatella furcifera (Horv.) (Homoptera, Delphacidae) and yield loss of rice","authors":"Z.-R. Zhu, J. Cheng","doi":"10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02043.x","DOIUrl":"10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02043.x","url":null,"abstract":"The sap-sucking rates of the white-backed planthopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera (Horv.) (Homoptera, Delphacidae) were examined under a series of experimental conditions in the laboratory. The sucking rate increased with the age of the planthopper. The relative sucking rate of nymphs at the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th instars and macropterous male adult was 0.19, 0.27, 0.37, 0.49, 0.59, 0.69, and 1 of that of macropterous female adult (set as standard insect [SI]), respectively. The SI sucked at a maximum rate from rice plants at tillering stage. In indica rice varieties, the SI had higher sucking rate than in japonica varieties. The effect of temperature on sucking rate could be described by an exponential quadratic equation. A power equation (W = 0.0001S1.8107) could be used to transfer the relative sucking rate in area (S, mm2) of honeydew excreted by WBPH into absolute dry mass weight (W, mg). The relationship between injury to rice by WBPH in cage and yield loss assessment showed that yield loss was mainly caused by decreased filling percentage of kernels and kernel weights rather than the number of panicles and spikelets per panicle. Finally, experimental results were integrated to a formula that links percentage of yield loss and sucking equivalence of WBPH.","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02043.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122773574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Side effects of some fungicides on phytoseiid mites (Acari, Phytoseiidae) in north-Italian vineyards 一些杀菌剂对意大利北部葡萄园植物螨(蜱螨，植物螨科)的毒副作用

Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde Pub Date : 2002-10-14 DOI: 10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02037.x

A. Pozzebon, C. Duso, E. Pavanetto

{"title":"Side effects of some fungicides on phytoseiid mites (Acari, Phytoseiidae) in north-Italian vineyards","authors":"A. Pozzebon, C. Duso, E. Pavanetto","doi":"10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02037.x","DOIUrl":"10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02037.x","url":null,"abstract":"The effects of fungicides containing mancozeb or copper oxychloride, as principal active ingredients, on phytoseiid mites were investigated in a vineyard comprising four varieties (Prosecco, Cabernet Franc, Pinot gris and Merlot) and located in north-eastern Italy. Phytoseiid colonisation was different among the four varieties: Amblyseius andersoni and Kampimodromus aberrans were dominant on Pinot gris and Merlot, respectively, while Typhlodromus pyri was more common than the above species on Prosecco and Cabernet Franc. Applications of mancozeb fungicides significantly affected K. aberrans populations. Concerning T. pyri, a significant effect was observed on Cabernet but not on Prosecco. The effects of mancozeb fungicides on A. andersoni were less clear. The response of phytoseiids to fungicides containing mancozeb appeared to be mediated by the variety. Therefore, the choice of one or two varieties as a standard reference for field tests is recommended. These results also suggest that the side effects of fungicides on predatory mites should be studied on different phytoseiid species and, possibly, on susceptible and resistant strains in order to gain useful insights.","PeriodicalId":100103,"journal":{"name":"Anzeiger für Sch?dlingskunde","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1046/j.1472-8206.2002.02037.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123103174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 32