Anesthesiology and Perioperative Science最新文献

{"title":"Perioperative use of gabapentinoids in pediatric patients","authors":"Nicholas E. Burjek,&nbsp;Michael Hafeman,&nbsp;David Guthrie,&nbsp;Amruta Desai,&nbsp;Zhaosheng Jin,&nbsp;Megan Brockel,&nbsp;Robert Moore","doi":"10.1007/s44254-023-00024-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44254-023-00024-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Effective management of pediatric perioperative pain is typically goal-directed and multimodal, requiring various imperfect agents in combination to provide analgesia and support recovery. Gabapentinoids are one such class of agents often used in pediatric analgesic and enhanced recovery pathways. In adults, gabapentinoids have been associated with a modest reduction in pain scores but are often avoided due to undesired side effects. Children may be less susceptible to these unwanted effects, and the reduction in pain, agitation, and post-operative nausea and vomiting seen with these medications may confer significant benefit. While further studies are needed, to date there is no evidence to suggest a significantly increased risk of adverse effects in generally healthy children treated with gabapentinoids in the perioperative period. Although current evidence does not support their indiscriminate use, there appears to be a subset of pediatric surgical patients who stand to benefit from perioperative gabapentinoids. Pediatric use should not be abandoned, but rather further investigated to support thoughtful goal-directed application.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100082,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Science","volume":"1 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44254-023-00024-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89745263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cerebral haemodynamics, anaesthesia and the frail brain","authors":"Samuel C. Barnes,&nbsp;Lucy C. Beishon,&nbsp;Md Tanvir Hasan,&nbsp;Thompson G. Robinson,&nbsp;Jatinder S. Minhas","doi":"10.1007/s44254-023-00020-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44254-023-00020-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100082,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Science","volume":"1 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44254-023-00020-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79171545","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Allergic and other adverse reactions to drugs used in anesthesia and surgery","authors":"Brian A. Baldo","doi":"10.1007/s44254-023-00018-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44254-023-00018-2","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;The list of drugs patients may be exposed to during the perioperative and postoperative periods is potentially extensive. It includes induction agents, neuromuscular blocking drugs (NMBDs), opioids, antibiotics, sugammadex, colloids, local anesthetics, polypeptides, antifibrinolytic agents, heparin and related anticoagulants, blue dyes, chlorhexidine, and a range of other agents depending on several factors related to individual patients’ clinical condition and progress in the postoperative recovery period. To avoid poor or ultrarapid metabolizers to a particular drug (for example tramadol and codeine) or possible adverse drug reactions (ADRs), some drugs may need to be avoided during or after surgery. This will be the case for patients with a history of anaphylaxis or other adverse events/intolerances to a known drug. Other drugs may be ceased for a period before surgery, e.g., anticoagulants that increase the chance of bleeding; diuretics for patients with acute renal failure; antihypertensives relative to kidney injury after major vascular surgery; and serotonergic drugs that together with some opioids may rarely induce serotonin toxicity. Studies of germline variations shown by genotyping and phenotyping to identify a predisposition of genetic factors to ADRs offer an increasingly important approach to individualize drug therapy. Studies of associations of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) genes with some serious delayed immune-mediated reactions are ongoing and variations of drug-metabolizing cytochrome CYP450 enzymes, P-glycoprotein, and catechol-&lt;i&gt;O&lt;/i&gt;-methyltransferase show promise for the assessment of ADRs and non-responses to drugs, particularly opioids and other analgesics. Surveys of ADRs from an increasing number of institutions often cover small numbers of patients, are retrospective in nature, fail to clearly identify culprit drugs, and do not adequately distinguish immune-mediated from non-immune-mediated anaphylactoid reactions. From the many surveys undertaken, the large list of agents identified during and after anesthesia and surgery are examined for their ADR involvement. Drugs are classified into those most often involved, (NMBD and antibiotics); drugs that are becoming more frequently implicated, namely antibiotics (particularly teicoplanin), and blue dyes; those becoming less frequently involved; and drugs more rarely involved in perioperative, and postoperative adverse reactions but still important and necessary to keep in mind for the occasional potential sensitive patient. Clinicians should be aware of the similarities between drug-induced true allergic type I IgE/FcεRI- and pseudoallergic MRGPRX2-mediated ADRs, the clinical features of each, and their distinguishing characteristics. Procedures for identifying MRGPRX2 agonists and diagnosing and distinguishing pseudoallergic from allergic reaction mechanisms are discussed.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Graphical Abstract&lt;/h3&gt;\u0000 &lt;div&gt;&lt;figure&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;div&gt;&lt;picture&gt;&lt;source&gt;&lt;i","PeriodicalId":100082,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Science","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44254-023-00018-2.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84616684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Red hair and pain sensitivity: insights into genomics of pain?","authors":"Hannah R. Williams,&nbsp;Jaideep J. Pandit","doi":"10.1007/s44254-023-00017-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44254-023-00017-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>To present a review of insights gained from investigating the question as to whether red haired individuals have altered sensitivity to pain.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>A narrative review of the literature.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>Anecdotal observations from anaesthesiologists have suggested that individuals with red hair require more analgesia on average than members of the general population. This observation has been confirmed and the redheaded phenotype is associated with an altered sensitivity to pain across a wide range of different pain types. Through the use of mouse models, a central mechanism for this altered pain sensitivity has been proposed involving both the melanocortin and opioid receptor systems, despite the causative mutation for this phenotype occurring in melanocortin 1 receptors (MC1Rs) on peripheral melanocytes.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Understanding the endocrine imbalance caused by this loss of function mutation helps us to further explore the mechanisms behind pain sensitivity. It also facilitates a discussion about how pharmacogenomics can be exploited to personalise and subsequently optimise treatment.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100082,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Science","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44254-023-00017-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72632353","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A serious video game—EmergenCSim™—for novice anesthesia trainees to learn how to perform general anesthesia for emergency cesarean delivery: a randomized controlled trial","authors":"Allison J. Lee,&nbsp;Stephanie Goodman,&nbsp;Beatriz Corradini,&nbsp;Sophie Cohn,&nbsp;Madhabi Chatterji,&nbsp;Ruth Landau","doi":"10.1007/s44254-023-00016-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44254-023-00016-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><p>We developed EmergenCSim™, a serious game (SG) with an embedded assessment, to teach and assess performing general anesthesia for cesarean delivery. We hypothesized that first-year anesthesiology trainees (CA-1) playing EmergenCSim™ would yield superior knowledge scores versus controls, and EmergenCSim™ and high-fidelity simulation (HFS) assessments would correlate.</p><h3>Methods</h3><p>This was a single-blinded, longitudinal randomized experiment. Following a lecture (week 3), trainees took a multiple-choice question (MCQ) test (week 4) and were randomized to play EmergenCSim™ (<i>N</i> = 26) or a non-content specific SG (<i>N</i> = 23). Participants repeated the MCQ test (week 8). Between month 3 and 12, all repeated the MCQ test, played EmergenCSim™ and participated in HFS of an identical scenario. HFS performance was rated using a behavior checklist.</p><h3>Results</h3><p>There was no significant change in mean MCQ scores over time between groups F (2, 94) = 0.870, <i>p</i> = 0.42, and no main effect on MCQ scores, F (1, 47) = 1.110, <i>p</i> = 0.20. There was significant three-way interaction between time, gender and group, F (2, 90) = 3.042, <i>p</i> = 0.053, and significant two-way interaction between gender and time on MCQ scores, F (2, 94) = 107.77, <i>p</i> = 0.036; outcomes improved over time among males. There was no group difference in HFS checklist and SG scores. Both instruments demonstrated good internal consistency reliability but non-significant score correlation.</p><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>Playing EmergenCSim™ once did not improve MCQ scores; nonetheless scores slightly improved among males over time, suggesting gender may impact learning outcomes with SGs.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100082,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Science","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44254-023-00016-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77378405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of bilateral superficial cervical plexus block on postoperative pain, nausea, and vomiting in thyroid surgery: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Yujing Cai,&nbsp;Lidan Nong,&nbsp;Haifeng Li,&nbsp;Quehua Luo,&nbsp;Yi Zhu,&nbsp;Haihua Shu","doi":"10.1007/s44254-023-00012-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44254-023-00012-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bilateral superficial cervical plexus block (BSCPB) is widely used in thyroid surgery. However, its ability to reduce patients’ perioperative pain remains controversial. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the value of using BSCPB perioperatively for thyroid surgery by conducting a systematic review and meta-analysis of relevant clinical studies. In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we conducted comprehensive searches in the PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to collect all randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that used BSCPB for thyroid surgery. The included studies were then analyzed for heterogeneity using the chi-square test, and studies with large heterogeneity were subjected to subgroup or sensitivity analyses. Treatment effects were measured using odds ratio (OR) or weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 19 RCTs with 1,365 patients who underwent thyroid surgery (713 and 652 patients in the BSCPB and control groups, respectively) were included in this systematic review. Most of the studies reported that cervical plexus blocks were used preoperatively, and the main drugs used were 0.25–0.75% ropivacaine or bupivacaine. The BSCPB procedure could significantly reduce visual analog scale scores in the immediate (WMD: −1.12, 95% <i>CI</i>: −1.51 to −0.73, <i>P</i> &lt; <i>0.00001</i>), 6-h (WMD: −1.06, 95% <i>CI</i>: −1.60 to −0.53, <i>P</i> = <i>0.0001</i>) and 24-h (WMD: −0.87, 95% <i>CI</i>: −1.29 to −0.45, <i>P</i> &lt; <i>0.0001</i>) postoperative period and also reduce opioid requirements for patients in the post-anesthesia care unit (50.99% vs 72.92%, OR: 0.3, 95% <i>CI</i>: 0.17 to 0.52, <i>P</i> &lt; <i>0.0001</i>) and in the wards (39.80% vs 59.79%, OR: 0.27, 95% <i>CI</i>: 0.12 to 0.59, <i>P</i> = <i>0.001</i>). Additionally, BSCPB reduced the incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting (OR: 0.50, 95% <i>CI</i>: 0.29 to 0.87, <i>P</i> = <i>0.01</i>). Due to the large heterogeneity, the results only suggest decrease use of intraoperative fentanyl and postoperative morphine in the BSCPB group. The use of BSCPB alleviates of postoperative pain, opioid requirement, and reduces incidence of postoperative nausea and vomiting in patients who have undergone thyroid surgery. More clinical studies are needed for further conclusions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100082,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Science","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44254-023-00012-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72645818","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stranger things: the erector spinae block, extra sensory perception, or paranormal block by proxy?","authors":"Steve Coppens,&nbsp;Aisling Ni Eochagain,&nbsp;Danny Feike Hoogma,&nbsp;Geertrui Dewinter","doi":"10.1007/s44254-023-00007-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44254-023-00007-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The erector spinae plane block remains a divisive regional technique which has split the regional anesthesia community into believers and non-believers. Its main mechanism of action remains controversial and this has been pivotal in the controversy. We explore our current understanding of fascial plane blocks and erector spinae blocks as well as explore the gaps in knowledge. This opinion paper is meant to give a balanced view of the current state of this block in regard to guidelines, research and future. The viewpoint of the authors may not necessarily align with current ideas, however, hopefully will guide subsequent trials to more robust evidence.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100082,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Science","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44254-023-00007-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86310726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Statistical fragility of reporting hemidiaphragmatic paralysis after brachial plexus blocks in randomized controlled trials: a systematic review","authors":"Quehua Luo,&nbsp;Yang Liu,&nbsp;Yi Zhu,&nbsp;Zhipeng Wang,&nbsp;Junyi Zheng,&nbsp;Weifeng Yao","doi":"10.1007/s44254-023-00006-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44254-023-00006-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>To characterize the fragility index (FI) of statistically significant results reported in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the incidence of hemidiaphragmatic paralysis (HDP) after brachial plexus blocks. A systematic review of RCTs retrieved from the PubMed-Medline, Embase, and Web of Science electronic databases was conducted. All alternative RCTs published between January 2012 and October 2022 were identified. Only RCTs with two parallel arms designs, and reporting HDP as the primary outcome, statistical significance, and superiority results were selected. The FI was calculated according to Fisher’s exact test using previously described methods. In addition, the risk of bias was evaluated using the Cochrane Risk-of-Bias tool for randomized trials. The 23 RCTs that fulfilled the inclusion criteria had a median FI of 4 (interquartile range [IQR]2–8) and a median Fragility Quotient of 0.077 (IQR 0.038- 0.129). However, in 13 (56.5%) trials, the calculated FI value was ≤ 4. In 3/23 (13.0%) trials, the number of patients who dropped-out exceeded the FI value. Most trials (91.3%) had an overall low risk of bias. This systematic review revealed that the statistical results of RCTs investing HDP after brachial plexus blocks have tended to be fragile in the past decade. The FI should be an important aid in the interpretation of clinical results in combination with the P-value, particularly when statistically significant results are dependent on a small number of events. Future RCTs with larger sample sizes are needed to obtain more robust results in this field.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100082,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Science","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44254-023-00006-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85661245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of vasopressors with mortality in critically ill patients with COVID-19: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Maria Mermiri,&nbsp;Georgios Mavrovounis,&nbsp;Eleni Laou,&nbsp;Nikolaos Papagiannakis,&nbsp;Ioannis Pantazopoulos,&nbsp;Athanasios Chalkias","doi":"10.1007/s44254-023-00013-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44254-023-00013-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Exogenous catecholamines may have pronounced side effects and affect physiological cascades. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of vasopressors on mortality of critically ill patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A systematic search of PubMed, Scopus, and ClinicalTrials.gov was conducted for relevant articles until December 2022. Eligibility criteria were randomized controlled and non-randomized trials. The primary outcome was in-hospital and 30-day mortality. The quality of studies was assessed using the Methodological Index for Non-Randomized Studies (MINORS) tool, while paired meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled risk ratios (RR) along with their 95% Confidence Interval (95% CI). Analyses of 22 studies (<i>n</i> = 8034) revealed that vasopressor use is associated with mortality compared to no vasopressor therapy [RR (95%CI): 4.30 (3.21, 5.75); <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001]. In-hospital and 30-day mortality are significantly higher in patients who receive vasopressors [RR (95%CI): 4.60 (2.47, 8.55); <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001 and RR (95%CI): 2.97 (1.72, 5.14); <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001, respectively]. Also, analyses of data from 10 studies (<i>n</i> = 3519) revealed that vasopressor use is associated with acute kidney injury [RR (95%CI): 3.17 (2.21, 4.54); <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001]. In conclusion, current use of vasopressors in critically ill patients with COVID-19 may be associated with higher in-hospital mortality, 30-day mortality, and incidence rate of acute kidney injury. Further research is required to estimate the correlation of specific vasopressor characteristics (type, timing, dose, combination) with adverse effects and mortality in this population.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100082,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Science","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44254-023-00013-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74792211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The impact of perioperative acute kidney injury/failure on short and long surgical outcomes","authors":"Valerie Mok,&nbsp;Jonathan Nixon,&nbsp;Jie Hu,&nbsp;Daqing Ma","doi":"10.1007/s44254-022-00001-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s44254-022-00001-3","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The development of acute kidney injury after surgery is associated with significant mortality and morbidity and with worse short and long-term outcomes. Patients who develop acute kidney injury are at an increased risk of developing long-term renal dysfunction, which leads to lower quality of life and greater financial burden on the healthcare system. Although there are various systems to classify the severity of acute kidney injury, most systems only measure components that deteriorate after significant renal damage, such as urine output and serum creatinine. Surgical trauma and stress trigger acute kidney injury development, in addition to multiple co-morbidities, cardiovascular disease, and postoperative factors. The pathophysiology of acute kidney injury is complex, and this is reflected in the heterogenous population that is affected. Treatment is largely supportive and focuses on ensuring adequate renal perfusion, correcting electrolyte abnormalities and avoiding further renal injury. Current research focuses on novel biomarkers that detect decreased renal function earlier and that the deteriorating renal function can be treated before long-lasting damage occurs. This review discusses the epidemiology, aetiology, risk factors, and short and long-term surgical outcomes of acute kidney injury. Treatment, prevention, and recent developments in future research are also discussed.</p><h3>Graphical Abstract</h3>\u0000 <div><figure><div><div><picture><source><img></source></picture></div></div></figure></div>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":100082,"journal":{"name":"Anesthesiology and Perioperative Science","volume":"1 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s44254-022-00001-3.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82102483","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}