Agricultural Wastes最新文献

Aeration and control of slurry odours by heterotrophs 异养菌曝气及控制浆体异味

Agricultural Wastes Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90015-6

M.R. Evans, E.A. Deans, M.P.W. Smith, I.F. Svoboda, F.E. Thacker

{"title":"Aeration and control of slurry odours by heterotrophs","authors":"M.R. Evans, E.A. Deans, M.P.W. Smith, I.F. Svoboda, F.E. Thacker","doi":"10.1016/0141-4607(86)90015-6","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0141-4607(86)90015-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In continuous-culture aeration, heterotrophic activity varied with mean treatment time and treatment temperature but was unaffected by the level of dissolved oxygen provided it was maintained above 1% of saturation. At temperatures from 15 to 50°C most of the slurry odorants were removed even after very short treatment times. Below 1% of dissolved oxygen saturation, heterotrophic activity, in particular the oxidation of odorants and other BOD<sub>5</sub> material, varied with the oxygen concentration as well as mean treatment time and temperature. The oxygen concentration was no longer detectable by the Mackereth-type electrode and was controlled and measured indirectly through redox potential within the range −500 to 0 mV E<sub><em>cal</em></sub> (pH 7·8). At 35 and 50°C total residual COD and BOD<sub>5</sub> were both similarly related to changes in redox potential. At 15°C only the total residual BOD<sub>5</sub>, not the total residual COD, was related to redox potential. This could indicate that at lower temperatures some fermentative activity occurs at low aeration rates. Treatment times must normally exceed 7 days and redox potential during treatment must be higher than −200 mV E<sub><em>cal</em></sub> (pH 7·8) if the rapid regeneration of odorants after treatment is to be avoided.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100062,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Wastes","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 187-204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0141-4607(86)90015-6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81286385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 19

Possible use of weeds as soil amendment for the management of root-knot and stunt nematodes attacking eggplant 杂草作为土壤改良剂治理茄子根结线虫和僵线虫的可能性

Agricultural Wastes Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90082-X

M. Mashkoor Alam

引用次数: 8

Irrigation of primary treated and anaerobically treated meat-processing wastes onto pasture: Lysimeter trials 初级处理和厌氧处理的肉类加工废料在牧场上的灌溉:渗滤试验

Agricultural Wastes Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90071-5

J.M. Russell

引用次数: 10

The agronomic value of the sewage sludge of Tenerife. Physico-chemical characteristics of the refuse-sludge compost and related products 特内里费岛污水污泥的农艺价值。垃圾污泥堆肥及其制品的理化特性

Agricultural Wastes Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90052-1

V. Pérez García, E. Iglesias Jiménez, M. Fernández Falcón

{"title":"The agronomic value of the sewage sludge of Tenerife. Physico-chemical characteristics of the refuse-sludge compost and related products","authors":"V. Pérez García, E. Iglesias Jiménez, M. Fernández Falcón","doi":"10.1016/0141-4607(86)90052-1","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0141-4607(86)90052-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper evaluates the most important agronomic characteristics of the sewage sludge from the Tenerife wastewater treatment plant and the compost obtained by composting of this sludge with the organic fraction of municipal refuse. A comparative study is also carried out on several commercial products used as organic dressings on the island's agricultural soils.</p><p>From the results obtained, the direct use (after sterilization) of sewage sludge could be very interesting from the agricultural point of view. The compost obtained, because of its high total (43·6%) and oxidisable (37·3%) organic matter content, its high fertilizer elements concentration (N, 2·8%; P, 1·3%; K, 1·6%; Ca, 5·2% and Mg, 1·1%), its balanced essential elements content and moderate toxic heavy metals levels, can be considered a good organic fertilizer whose use could represent a great saving in chemical fertilizers and replace the manures formerly used, which are now almost non-existent. In addition, it could compete advantageously with the products at present on sale in the island because of its lower cost and better agronomic quality.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100062,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Wastes","volume":"17 2","pages":"Pages 141-152"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0141-4607(86)90052-1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76886806","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Composting of agricultural and other wastes 农业和其他废物的堆肥

Agricultural Wastes Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90020-X

K.S. Killham

引用次数: 0

Nitrogen and aerobic treatment of slurry 浆料的氮和好氧处理

Agricultural Wastes Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90016-8

M.R. Evans, M.P.W. Smith, E.A. Deans, I.F. Svoboda, F.E. Thacker

{"title":"Nitrogen and aerobic treatment of slurry","authors":"M.R. Evans, M.P.W. Smith, E.A. Deans, I.F. Svoboda, F.E. Thacker","doi":"10.1016/0141-4607(86)90016-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0141-4607(86)90016-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The effects on slurry nitrogen of the aerobic treatment of pig and cattle excreta under various aerotion regimes are described. They were: high-rate aeration with dissolved oxygen >15% of saturation; low-rate aeration with dissolved oxygen 1–15% of saturation; and minimal aeration with dissolved oxygen <1% of saturation by control of redox potential at values <0<em>mV</em> <em>E</em><sub>cal</sub>. These had important effects upon the mineralised nitrogen components of the excreta. This nitrogen could be conserved as ammoniacal nitrogen, lost via ammonia stripping, oxidised to nitrate and conserved, or lost via denitrification. They also had important implications for energy conservation and odour regeneration. The energy requirement for aerobic treatment was minimal when the dissolved oxygen level was as low as possible and still consistent with adequate treatment. Conservation of the mineralised nitrogen as nitrate may prevent odour regeneration subsequent to treatment, but a dissolved oxygen level > 15% of saturation was required. In addition, the oxygen requirement for nitrification was equivalent to about 30–80% of the heterotrophic oxygen demand. Thus, with minimal aeration the efficiency was maximised, the extra oxygen demand for nitrification prevented and the nitrogen conserved as ammonia, but odour regeneration could be fairly rapid during storage.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100062,"journal":{"name":"Agricultural Wastes","volume":"15 3","pages":"Pages 205-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0141-4607(86)90016-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80917877","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 30

Evaluation of a low grade rock phosphate composted with some agricultural wastes for use in a crop rotation 与一些农业废弃物混合的低品位磷矿堆肥在作物轮作中的应用评价

Agricultural Wastes Pub Date : 1986-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0141-4607(86)90109-5

R. Singh, D. V. Yadav