Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Mechanisms of Chinese Medicines for Primary Sjögren's Syndrome: A Review.","authors":"Yu-Xiu Ka, Si-Wei Wang, Lei Zhang, Yi-Hua Fan, Wei Liu, Jian-Bin Li, Mei-Jiao Zhou, Bo-Wen Wei, Yue Jin, Ning Tan","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-4237-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11655-026-4237-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"930-940"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148293510","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electroacupuncture Alleviates Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy via Multi-target Modulation: A Review from Mechanisms to Intervention.","authors":"Yu-Wei Cao, Hao Li, Man Li, Da-Wei Ye, Ping Peng, Zhao-Qing Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-4235-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11655-026-4235-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"941-950"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145984449","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mechanistic Topology of Notopterygium incisum Essential Oil against Rheumatoid Arthritis: Machine Learning-Guided CASP1 Screening and Nanoemulsion Evaluation.","authors":"Yuan-Hang Chen, Xue Xia, Ting-Ting Hu, Chang-Quan Chen, Wen-Hui Zuo, Hua-Qiao Tang, Ling Zhao, Gang Ye, Fei Shi, Li Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-4241-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11655-026-4241-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To elucidate the anti-rheumatoid arthritis (RA) mechanisms of Notopterygium incisum essential oil (NIEO) using an integrated strategy combining chemical profiling, network pharmacology, multi-omics data mining, and advanced machine learning, while developing an optimized nanoemulsion (NE) delivery system to enhance its therapeutic applicability.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry was employed for chemical profiling of NIEO. Multi-omics integration and machine learning models were used to identify core therapeutic targets, with diagnostic potential assessed via receiver operating characteristic analysis. Computational modeling, including molecular docking and dynamics simulations, provided structural insights into NIEO components interacting with targets. An optimized NIEO-NE was developed and characterized for physicochemical properties [mean diameter, polydispersity index (PDI), encapsulation efficiency]. In vitro assays evaluated NIEO-NE effects on lipopolysaccharide-induced Caspase-1 (CASP1) expression, reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, and pro-inflammatory mediators including interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1β, nitric oxide (NO) in RAW264.7 macrophages.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>GC-MS identified a-terpineol as the predominant constituent among 17 primary volatile compounds in NIEO. CASP1 was identified as the core target, with an area under curve of 0.985 for RA diagnosis. Molecular docking and dynamics revealed strong interactions between key NIEO components and CASP1's active site. The optimized NIEO-NE exhibited a mean diameter of 82.3 nm, PDI of 0.12, and encapsulation efficiency of 94.8%. In vitro, NIEO-NE significantly suppressed LPS-induced CASP1 expression, ROS production, and release of IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β, and NO (P<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>NIEO exerts anti-RA effects by downregulating CASP1 and modulating the inflammasome pathway, validated through multi-omics and functional assays. The NE formulation overcomes bioavailability limitations, providing a framework for natural product-based drug discovery and positioning NIEO as a promising therapeutic candidate for RA.</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"911-918"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147590364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linggui Yangyuan Paste for Male Infertility with Shen (Kidney) Deficiency and Blood Stasis Syndrome: A Multicenter, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Randomized Controlled Trial.","authors":"Sheng-Jing Liu, Qiu-Jian Feng, Yang Zhao, Xiao-Jing An, Zhuo-Zhi Gong, Bin Yan, Fu Wang, Jun Guo","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-4234-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11655-026-4234-5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Linggui Yangyuan Paste (LG) in treating male infertility caused by asthenozoospermia (AZS) and oligoasthenozoospermia (OAZS) associated with the Chinese medicine (CM) pattern of Shen (Kidney) deficiency and blood stasis.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group, multicenter clinical trial enrolled 162 male infertility patients at 5 hospitals in China from June 2023 to February 2024. Using block randomization within strata, participants were assigned (1:1) to LG + Wuzi Yanzong Oral Solution (WZ) placebo or WZ + LG placebo for 12 weeks (each LG 1 sachet and WZ 1 vial, twice daily), with a 12-week follow-up. The primary outcome was the change in total progressive motile sperm count (TPMSC) from baseline to week 12. Secondary outcomes included pregnancy rate, CM symptom score (CMSS), and semen parameters including semen volume (SV), sperm concentration (SC), total sperm count (TSC), progressive motility (PR), and PR + non-progressive motility (NP). Prespecified subgroup analyses on cumulative pregnancy rate and semen parameters were performed for participants with AZS and OAZS. Safety was monitored throughout the trial.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 162 randomized participants, 145 completed the trial (75 in the LG group and 70 in the WZ group) and were included in the per-protocol analysis. At week 12, the LG group showed significantly greater improvement in TPMSC compared to the WZ group, with an adjusted between-group difference of 8.81 × 10⁶ sperm (P<0.05, 95% confidence interval 2.75-14.87). The cumulative pregnancy rate at week 24 was significantly higher in the LG group than the WZ group [24.0% (18/75) vs. 10.0% (7/70), P<0.05)]. CMSS decreased significantly in both groups, with greater reduction in the LG group (P<0.05). Subgroup analysis showed that cumulative pregnancy rates were higher in the LG group than in the WZ group in the AZS subgroup at both weeks 12 and 24 (both P<0.05). In the AZS subgroup analysis, PR and PR+NP showed significantly greater improvements in the LG group (P<0.05). In the OAZS subgroup, SV, SC, TSC, PR, and PR+NP all showed greater improvements in the LG group (P<0.05). No adverse events or adverse drug reactions were reported in either group.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LG demonstrates significant efficacy and safety in treating male infertility associated with Shen deficiency and blood stasis syndrome, supporting its clinical application as an integrative therapy for male infertility. (Registration No. ITMCTR2023000009).</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"867-874"},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147503301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liangfu Pill Alleviates Constipation-Predominant Irritable Bowel Syndrome through Modulation of 5-HT Signaling Pathway and Gut Microbiota.","authors":"Shui-di Zhang, Jie-Ying He, Bai-Rong Zhang, Kun-Ping Li, Chuan-Song Wen, Miao-Miao Ren, Chao-Yan Yang, Yan-Fen Chen","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-3867-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-026-3867-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To elucidate the modulation mechanism of Liangfu Pill (LFP) on serotonin (5-HT) signaling pathway and gut microbiota in constipation-predominant irritable bowel syndrome (IBS-C) rat models to clarify its therapeutic effects.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The major metabolites of LFP were analyzed, and network analysis was used to predict the potential mechanism of LFP on IBS-C. Sixty SD rats were allocated to normal, normal + LFP (N+LFP), model, moxapride, low- and high-dose LFP (LFP-L and LFP-H) groups. IBS-C model was developed by tail-clamping stress, irregular feeding, and ice-water gavage for 14 d. Following 7-d intervention, levels of substance P (SP), vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP), and melatonin (MLT) in the colon tissues were quantified using ELISA, while high-performance liquid chromatography was used to measure the concentration of 5-HT in colon tissue. The expressions of serotonin transporter (SERT), tryptophan hydroxylase 1 (TPH1), and serotonin 4 receptor (5-HT₄R) proteins were assessed using Western blot. The open-field test was performed on day 14 and day 21 to evaluate rats' locomotor activity. Additionally, the structure of rat intestinal microbiota was analyzed by 16S rDNA high-throughput sequencing technology.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Chromatographic analysis identified 104 major metabolites in LFP. Network analysis predicted that the main signaling pathways involved serotonergic synapses and regulation of transient receptor potential channels by inflammatory mediators. In rats with IBS-C, LFP increased body weight gain, open-field total distance and average speed, fecal count, Bristol stool score, and the levels of SP and VIP, while decreasing abdominal withdrawal reflex scores and 5-HT level (P<0.05 or P<0.01). The protein expressions of SERT and 5-HT₄R were upregulated (P<0.05 or P<0.01), whereas TPH1 expression was downregulated (P<0.01). Additionally, LFP improved gut microbiota composition, with increased Chao, abundance-based coverage estimator, Shannon indices (P<0.05 or P<0.01) and relative abundance of differential microbial taxa.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>LFP alleviates IBS-C symptoms, improves overall condition and especially reduces visceral sensitivity in rats. The potential mechanism may involve modulation of 5-HT signaling pathway and gut microbiota.</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Compound Kushen Injection Alleviates Experimental Colitis in Mice by Regulating Macrophage Polarization through TLR4/NF-κB Signaling.","authors":"Di Ao, Gu-Yi Cong, Xin-Ya Yu, Lin Gu, Rui Zhao, Xi-Quan Ke, Wei Hao, Jing-Wen Xiao, Zhen-Zeng Ma, Hai-Lun Zheng","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-3869-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-026-3869-6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore the therapeutic effect and mechanism of Compound Kushen Injection (CKI) in dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced ulcerative colitis (UC).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Network pharmacology was used to predict the potential targets and pathways for CKI's therapeutic effects on UC. Thirty-five male C57BL/6 mice were randomized into 5 groups, including control, DSS model, 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA), low- and high-dose CKI groups (n=7 per group). A 7-d protocol of ad libitum administration of 3% (w/v) DSS in drinking water was implemented to induce experimental colitis in mice of all groups except the control. Mice received daily intragastric 5-ASA (50 mg/kg), low-dose (2 mL/kg) or high-dose (4 mL/kg) CKI accordingly. In vivo therapeutic effects of CKI were evaluated via histology, ELISA and immunohistochemistry. In vitro, LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 inflammatory cells were treated with CKI for 24 h to detect cytokine changes. Immunofluorescence, flow cytometry and Western blot were applied to analyze macrophage polarization phenotypes in mouse peritoneal macrophages and RAW264.7 cells.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Network pharmacology analysis indicated that CKI's therapeutic effects on UC involved macrophage polarization regulation. CKI substantially alleviated DSS-induced colitis symptoms, improved intestinal barrier function, and reduced both pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and oxidative stress in colonic tissues (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Upon DSS or LPS stimulation, CKI treatment markedly decreased M1 macrophage marker expression and increased M2 markers (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Mechanistic studies further revealed that CKI modulated macrophage polarization via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)/nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) signaling pathway (P<0.05 or P<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>CKI alleviates experimental colitis in mice by modulating macrophage polarization, reducing inflammatory responses, and repairing the intestinal barrier; this effect may closely associated with inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149023891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Berberine Suppresses Inflammatory Response in Severe Pneumonia by Specifically Targeting Upregulation of SIRT1 to Activate Nrf2 Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Liang Cheng, Xin-Guo Zhao, Jun Liu, Yan-Ping Jiang, Xue-Jing Tian, Zhi-Qi Wang, Xu-Chen Shen, Min-Hua Shi","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-3961-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-026-3961-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the key role of berberine (BER) in severe pneumonia progression, and analyze its potential mechanisms.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Genes associated with pneumonia and their expression profiles were analyzed in patients with severe pneumonia compared with healthy controls, thereby identifying core targets. In vitro, RLE-6TN cells were stimulated with Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) and treated with BER to investigate cellular responses and sirtuin 1/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (SIRT1/Nrf2) pathway activation. Additionally, an in vivo study was conducted in KP-infected rats to evaluate lung tissue pathology and gene expression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In vitro experiments demonstrated that KP treatment of RLE-6TN cells significantly elevated lactate dehydrogenase activity, reduced cell viability and proliferation, and increased apoptosis (P<0.01). The expression levels of inflammatory markers (Bax, SIRT1, and Nrf2) were upregulated, whereas those of Bcl-2, Kiel proliferation index-67 (Ki-67), and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were downregulated (P<0.01). BER treatment mitigated these changes (P<0.01); however, sh-SIRT1 reversed the effects of BER, and sulforaphane (SFN, Nrf2 activator) counteracted the influence of sh-SIRT1 (P<0.05 or P<0.01). In vivo studies demonstrated that BER improved survival rates in KP-infected rats, alleviated lung injury, reduced pathological changes in lung tissue, and restored SIRT1 and Nrf2 to baseline levels (P<0.01). These advantageous effects were negated by sh-SIRT1 and subsequently restored by SFN (P<0.05 or P<0.01).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>BER promoted the viability and proliferation of KP-treated RLE-6TN cells, inhibited cell apoptosis and inflammatory responses, and alleviated severe pneumonia through the SIRT1/Nrf2 signaling pathway activation.</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148982441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy, Safety, and Pharmacoeconomic Evaluation of Shiwei Longdanhua Capsules in Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Bronchitis with Phlegm-Heat Obstructing Fei (Lung): A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Double-Dummy, Active-Control Trial.","authors":"Yun-Hui Li, Fan Yang, Ji-Hong Feng, Shan-Jun Yang, Shi-Miao Han, Qi Zhao, Jing-Hua Xu, Hong Wang, Ying Tang, Zhi-Guo Lin, Li-Yan Zong, Xu-Wu Sun, Hua Guo, Li Kong, Xiao-Jun Qiu","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-3962-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-026-3962-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and pharmacoeconomic profile of Shiwei Longdanhua Capsules (SWLDH) for treating acute exacerbation of chronic bronchitis (AECB) patients with Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome of phlegm-heat obstructing Fei (Lung, PHOF).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This multicenter, randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, active-controlled trial enrolled AECB patients with PHOF syndrome across 14 centers in China from February 2023 to January 2024. Participants were randomized in a 3:1 ratio to the SWLDH and Feilike Capsules (FLK) groups. The SWLDH group received SWLDH (1.35 g) plus FLK placebo, while the FLK group received FLK (1.20 g) plus SWLDH placebo, administered orally 3 times daily for 14 d. The primary endpoint was the improvement rate of CM syndrome after 14-d treatment; the secondary endpoints included cough-related outcomes, CM symptom scores, quality of life, safety, and pharmacoeconomic outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 193 patients were enrolled in the study, with 144 in the SWLDH group and 49 in the FLK group. The improvement rate of CM syndrome after 14-d treatment was significantly higher in the SWLDH group than that in the FLK group (95.1% vs. 81.3%, P=0.006). SWLDH also significantly improved the cough disappearance or near-disappearance rate on day 14 (81.1% vs. 63.3%, P=0.011). For individual CM symptom efficacy, the improvement rate of cough was significantly higher in the SWLDH group than in the FLK group after 14-d treatment (89.3% vs. 77.6%, P=0.040). Both groups showed improvements in quality of life assessed by Leicester Cough Questionnaire scores, with no significant between-group differences. SWLDH showed a comparable safety profile with FLK and no discontinuations due to adverse events. Compared with FLK, SWLDH incurred an additional cost of 1,344.09 RMB per additional case of effective CM symptom improvement and an incremental cost of 202,733.75 RMB per quality-adjusted life year gained, which was below the willingness-to-pay threshold.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>SWLDH significantly improved CM symptoms, accelerated cough resolution, and enhanced quality of life in AECB patients with PHOF syndrome, with a favorable safety profile and cost-effectiveness. (Trial registration No. ChiCTR2200066665).</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148982436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Complex Intervention Frameworks for Acupuncture: Recommendations from a Scoping Review.","authors":"Zi-Yan Guo, Xue-Zhou Wang, Xiang-Yu Hu, Xiao-Yi Hu, Zi-Yu Tian, Huan Chen, Xiang-Hong Jing, Wei-Juan Gang","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-4179-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-026-4179-8","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To explore phase structures and evaluation components of existing complex intervention frameworks and to propose recommendations for future acupuncture frameworks.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Six databases and multiple sources of gray literature were searched. Literature on complex interventions, including guidelines, frameworks, models, methodological studies, consensus statements, policy documents, and web-based guidance, were included. A narrative synthesis was conducted to examine phase settings and inter-phase relationships. The included frameworks were further assessed for their applicability to acupuncture evaluation, and preliminary recommendations were developed.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 46 publications were included, identifying 21 eligible frameworks, which were further categorized into 14 framework series. The included frameworks were mainly characterized by 3 phases, including preparatory, intervention evaluation, and long-term evaluation. Two evaluation approaches were identified, clinical-effect-first and mechanistic-first. Two structural design logics, sequential linear and sequential iterative models, were observed. The most frequently addressed phase components were overall effect evaluation (n=10, 71.4%) and component evaluation (n=13, 92.9%), whereas long-term outcomes were rarely considered (n=3, 21.4%). Regarding applicability to acupuncture, 4 major aspects were identified: acupuncture theory integration, individualized treatment adjustment, long-term follow-up, and real-world heterogeneity.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Existing frameworks vary substantially in phase structures and are not fully adapted to acupuncture. Potential considerations in future framework development include acupuncture theory and clinical experience, individualized intervention protocol, practitioner factors, acupuncture-specific outcomes, long-term follow-up and safety, and biomedical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148982478","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zhangyanming Tablets for Dry Eye Disease: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Clinical Study.","authors":"Hu-Ping Wu, Jian-Jun Gu, Jie Fang, Dong-Qing Zhao, Sheng-Tao Sun, Shun-Rong Luo, Zhi-Rong Lin, Jia-Jia Hu","doi":"10.1007/s11655-026-4050-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11655-026-4050-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To evaluate the efficacy and safety of Zhangyanming Tablets (ZYMT) combined with 0.1% sodium hyaluronate eye drops for dry eye disease (DED).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A stratified, randomized, doubleblind, placebo-controlled multicenter trial was conducted from June 2022 to August 2024, enrolling 144 patients with DED from 3 centers. Participants were randomized 1:1 to either the ZYMT group (ZYMT + 0.1% sodium hyaluronate, n=72) or the control group (placebo + 0.1% sodium hyaluronate, n=72). Participants received the study tablets (2 tablets orally, 3 times daily) concurrently with the eye drops (1 drop, 5 times daily) for 8 weeks. The primary outcome was the mean change from baseline in the ocular surface disease index (OSDI) score. The secondary outcomes included the efficacy rate, the mean change from baseline in the tear film breakup time (TFBUT), Schirmer's test, corneal fluorescein staining (CFS) and Chinese medicine (CM) syndrome score. Safety was assessed by monitoring adverse events, vital signs, and laboratory parameters (hematology, urinalysis, liver and kidney functions, and electrocardiogram).</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 119 patients completed this study, among which 58 were in the ZYMT group and 61 were in the control group. After 8 weeks of treatment, the mean change from baseline in the OSDI score in the ZYMT group was significantly greater than those in the control group in week 8 [absolute difference -5.66, 95% confidence interval (CI), -9.56 to -1.76]. The efficacy rate was 62.1% (36/58) in the ZYMT group versus 42.6% (26/61) in the control group (relative risk: 1.46, 95% CI, 1.02 to 2.08). The mean changes from baseline in TFBUT and CM symptom score were significantly greater in the ZYMT group than those in the control group at week 8 (P<0.05). No significant differences were observed between the two groups in Schirmer's test, CFS, or safety data (all P>0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>ZYMT combined with 0.1% sodium hyaluronate eye drops can significantly alleviate the ocular symptoms, improve tear film, and demonstrate a good safety. (Registration No. ChiCTR2200061479).</p>","PeriodicalId":10005,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.1,"publicationDate":"2026-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148954867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}