Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy最新文献_第9页

The effect of classroom provision on object-related social play in an ability-integrated pre-school classroom 能力融合学前课堂提供对客体相关社会游戏的影响

Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6402(88)90009-4

J Hogg, S Rogers, J Sebba

{"title":"The effect of classroom provision on object-related social play in an ability-integrated pre-school classroom","authors":"J Hogg, S Rogers, J Sebba","doi":"10.1016/0146-6402(88)90009-4","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-6402(88)90009-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The study examined the effect on social and object-related interactions of the introduction of play material into an ability integrated pre-school classroom. Four children, two non-handicapped and two with Down's syndrome (one girl and one boy in each dyad) participated. The study entailed a naturalistic experiment with four phases over a period of six months. In phases A1 and A2 children were observed during free-play in the classroom and their social interactions when physically proximal to each other and object-related play recorded using a coding system developed by Vandell <em>et al.</em> (1980). In phases B1 and B2, following, respectively, A1 and A2, specially designed play material was introduced into the classroom. The introduction of the play material led to a consistently greater proportion of interactions between children centred on objects. Initially (B1) this was correlated with a marked increase in negative social acts though the second (B2) introduction did not affect the occurrence of positive social acts that had developed during A2 in the absence of the material.</p><p>It is argued that while specific effects of changing the environment by introducing the play material on social and object-centred play can be observed, wider influence arising from the socialising process going on during the six months of the study are also making themselves felt and cannot readily be captured in a simple reversal design of the kind employed. Though no generalisation to the wider populations is attempted, it was observed that there were no differences in the pattern of change that could be related specifically to the non-handicapped vs Down's syndrome contrast nor to developmental level <em>per se.</em> The implication of this finding for arguments regarding the extent to which children with Down's syndrome can be successfully integrated into pre-school settings is considered.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100041,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"10 1","pages":"Pages 25-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1988-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-6402(88)90009-4","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88367966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exposure techniques in the reduction of fear: A comparative review of the procedure in animals and humans 减少恐惧的暴露技术:动物和人类过程的比较回顾

Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 1988-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6402(88)90011-2

Bruce A Thyer , Morrie Baum , Larry D Reid

引用次数: 26

The utility of self-report and biological measures of alcohol consumption in alcoholism treatment outcome studies 酒精摄入的自我报告和生物学测量在酒精中毒治疗结果研究中的应用

Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6402(87)90010-5

Timothy J O'Farrell , Stephen A Maisto

{"title":"The utility of self-report and biological measures of alcohol consumption in alcoholism treatment outcome studies","authors":"Timothy J O'Farrell , Stephen A Maisto","doi":"10.1016/0146-6402(87)90010-5","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-6402(87)90010-5","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Despite the significant advances of the past 20 years, serious questions have been raised about the value of alcoholism treatment outcome research due to the purported invalidity of alcoholics' self-report data for which biological measures of alcohol consumption have been suggested as a solution. The literature does not support widespread skepticism of alcoholics' self-reports or the existence of a systematic underreporting bias except when alcoholics have a positive blood alcohol level. Available evidence shows good reliability and validity for reports of hospital/jail stays and frequency of drinking/abstinence; good reliability and modest agreement with collateral informants for measures of problem severity and alcohol dependence symptoms. For amount consumed, reliability is good for outpatient but not for inpatient or residential alcoholics and validity in the form of agreement with collateral reports is not good except in problem drinkers at followup. Unfortunately, currently available biological markers do not solve the problems of measuring alcohol consumption in outcome studies. Markers correlate only modestly with self-reported consumption, are affected by factors other than alcohol consumption, show large individual differences in response to variations in alcohol intake, have an overly long half-life in certain cases, provide a specific but not very sensitive indicator of poor outcome, and may present compliance problems especially among chronic alcoholics. Nonetheless, markers can be used as part of a convergent validity approach and as a measure of negative alcohol-related health consequences. Suggestions for current practices in the field and for future research directions are provided.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100041,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 91-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-6402(87)90010-5","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74211033","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 109

Behavioral research: The particulary unwated child of conventional wisdom in the alcohol field 行为研究:酒精领域传统智慧中特别不受欢迎的孩子

Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6402(87)90008-7

Mark B Sobell

引用次数: 0

Developmental interactionism: An integrative framework for behavior therapy 发展互动:行为治疗的综合框架

Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6402(87)90003-8

Dennis J Delprato

{"title":"Developmental interactionism: An integrative framework for behavior therapy","authors":"Dennis J Delprato","doi":"10.1016/0146-6402(87)90003-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-6402(87)90003-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>It is the thesis of this paper that recent developments in the history and philosophy of science, in learning psychology, in developmental psychology, and in behavior therapy point to developmental interactionism as an integrative approach to behavioral ontogeny that maintains a role for conditioning and learning (as events) in behavior therapy. Earlier approaches to the ontogeny of behavior — environmentalism and heredity×environment interactionism — are overviewed. Developmental interactionism is presented as a relatively recent outgrowth of several confluent movements, including heredity×environment interactionism, the integrated-field perspective, evolutional thinking, Schneirla's comparative-developmental psychology, behavioral embryology, life-span developmental psychology, retreats from reductionism, and the system approach. Developmental interactionism is a thoroughgoing developmental perspective that treats development as an interactive or transactive process in which organism and environment are both active participants. The final section addresses issues in behavior therapy from the standpoint of this new view of behavioral ontogeny. Noted are signs of the beginnings of a unified clinical behavioral science.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100041,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"9 4","pages":"Pages 173-205"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-6402(87)90003-8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76998774","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

The relationship between parental depressive mood states and child functioning 父母抑郁情绪状态与儿童功能的关系

Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6402(87)90005-1

Rex Forehand, Amanda McCombs, Gene H Brody

引用次数: 83

Behavioral alcohol treatment research advances: Barriers to utilization 行为酒精治疗研究进展:使用障碍

Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6402(87)90012-9

William R Miller

{"title":"Behavioral alcohol treatment research advances: Barriers to utilization","authors":"William R Miller","doi":"10.1016/0146-6402(87)90012-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/0146-6402(87)90012-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Treatment research in the alcoholism field has thus far had relatively little impact on public policy and professional practices. U.S. alcoholism treatment programming does not reflect advances in knowledge with regard to the effectiveness of specific approaches, treatment length and setting, or matching of clients with treatments. Four characteristics of decision-making are considered as possible causes: inertia, ignorance, selective inattention, and incentives. Four corresponding characteristics of the behavior of researchers are also discussed: failure to use effective attitude change procedures, failure to disseminate research findings, intolerance for disconfirming data, and failure to address the needs of decision-makers. Any program of research should include a specific plan to disseminate and to promote utilization of findings. Six strategies for increasing utilization are suggested: setting clear goals, choosing optimal dissemination routes, tailoring communications to the audience, providing implementation support, following up on initial communications, and teaching utilization skills. Research on the effectiveness of such utilization strategies is needed.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100041,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":"9 2","pages":"Pages 145-164"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1987-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/0146-6402(87)90012-9","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74570934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 21

Laboratory research on alcohol use and abuse: Past trends and future directions 酒精使用和滥用的实验室研究:过去的趋势和未来的方向

Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6402(87)90009-9

G Terence Wilson

引用次数: 3

Contents of some previous volumes 前几卷的内容

Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6402(87)90028-2

引用次数: 0

Research and political realities: What the next twenty years hold for behaviorists in the alcohol field 研究与政治现实:未来二十年酒精领域的行为主义者将面临什么

Advances in Behaviour Research and Therapy Pub Date : 1987-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/0146-6402(87)90013-0

G Alan Marlatt

引用次数: 4