AAPPS Bulletin最新文献

{"title":"Density functional theory study of two-dimensional hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites: frontier level alignment and chirality-induced spin splitting","authors":"Ruyi Song,&nbsp;Rundong Zhao","doi":"10.1007/s43673-024-00125-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-024-00125-7","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Perovskites are a class of semiconductors initially recognized for their exceptional efficiency in solar cell applications. Subsequent research has revealed their diverse and attractive optoelectronic properties. Over the last decades, molecule-level engineering attempts toward the original three-dimensional (“3D”) perovskites have led to the emergence of two-dimensional (“2D”) layered crystals and introduced extensive compositional, structural, and electronic tunability through the incorporation of various organic cations to form hybrid perovskite systems. Consequently, we concentrated on the theoretical investigation of innovative and complex 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites using density functional theory (DFT). A DFT-based simulation protocol has been developed, enabling the efficient simulation of hybrid perovskite systems and providing accurate explanations and predictions of various experimental phenomena. This account article summarizes the recent in-depth DFT study of the structural, electronic, and spin-related properties of 2D hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-024-00125-7.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142409397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Environment-induced information scrambling transition with charge conservations","authors":"Pengfei Zhang,&nbsp;Zhenhua Yu","doi":"10.1007/s43673-024-00124-8","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-024-00124-8","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In generic closed quantum systems, the complexity of operators increases under time evolution governed by the Heisenberg equation, reflecting the scrambling of local quantum information. However, when systems interact with an external environment, the system-environment coupling allows operators to escape from the system, inducing a dynamical transition between the scrambling phase and the dissipative phase. This transition is known as the environment-induced information scrambling transition, originally proposed in Majorana fermion systems. In this work, we advance this discovery by investigating the transition in charge-conserved systems with space-time randomness. We construct solvable Brownian Sachdev-Ye-Kitaev models of complex fermions coupled to an environment, enabling the analytical computation of operator growth. We determine the critical dissipation strength, which is proportional to <span>(n(1-n))</span> with <i>n</i> being the density of the complex fermions, arising from the suppression in the quantum Lyapunova exponent due to the Pauli blockade in the scattering process. We further analyze the density dependence of maximally scrambled operators at late time. Our results shed light on the intriguing interplay between information scrambling, dissipation, and conservation laws.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-024-00124-8.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142412649","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correction: News and Views (5&6)","authors":"AAPPS Bulletin","doi":"10.1007/s43673-024-00122-w","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-024-00122-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-024-00122-w.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141669946","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The developments in carbon-modified graphitic carbon nitride for photoelectrochemical water splitting: a mini review","authors":"Yuewen Yang,&nbsp;Tingrui Xu,&nbsp;Ruiqin Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s43673-024-00123-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-024-00123-9","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Graphitic carbon nitride (g-CN), as a potential photoelectrode for photoelectrochemical water splitting, has garnered significant research attention owing to its favorable attributes, including a suitable bandgap, abundant elemental composition, excellent thermal stability, and non-toxicity. However, the limited efficiency of visible light absorption and poor electrical conductivity of pure g-CN result in low photocurrent density and photocatalytic activity, falling short of meeting the requirements for commercial applications. In contrast, graphitic carbon materials possess high conductivity and stability, appearing to be an excellent candidate for enhancing the photocatalytic performance of g-CN while maintaining its stability. Recently, nitrogen vacancies, surface junction, carbon crystallite introduction, and carbon atom doping methods have been employed to prepare carbon-modified g-CN. The introduced π-electron conjugated system by sp²-hybridized carbon atoms indeed extends the visible light absorption and photocurrent of g-CN, resulting in improved photocatalytic performance. In this review, we highlight recent advancements in the development of carbon-modified g-CN and offer insights into the future prospects of g-CN-based films.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-024-00123-9.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142413590","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"News and Views (5&6)","authors":"AAPPS Bulletin","doi":"10.1007/s43673-024-00120-y","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-024-00120-y","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-024-00120-y.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141363309","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"News and Views (3&4)","authors":"AAPPS Bulletin","doi":"10.1007/s43673-024-00119-5","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-024-00119-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-024-00119-5.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142414889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Surface and bulk acoustic wave resonators based on aluminum nitride for bandpass filters","authors":"Xian-Hu Zha,&nbsp;Jing-Ting Luo,&nbsp;Ran Tao,&nbsp;Chen Fu","doi":"10.1007/s43673-023-00104-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-023-00104-4","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Bandpass filters with high frequency and wide bandwidth are indispensable parts of the fifth-generation telecommunication technologies, and currently, they are mainly based on surface and bulk acoustic wave resonators. Owing to its high mechanical strength, excellent stability at elevated temperatures, good thermal conductivity, and compatibility with complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor technology, aluminum nitride (AlN) becomes the primary piezoelectric material for high-frequency resonators. This review briefly introduces the structures and key performance parameters of the acoustic resonators. The common filter topologies are also discussed. In particular, research progresses in the piezoelectric AlN layer, electrodes, and substrates of the resonators are elaborated. Increasing the electromechanical coupling constant is the main concern for the AlN film. To synthesize AlN in single-crystalline or poly-crystalline with a high intensity of (0002) orientation, and alloy the AlN with other elements are two effective approaches. For the substrates and bottom electrodes, lattice and thermal expansion mismatch, and surface roughness are critical for the synthesis of a high-crystal-quality piezoelectric layer. The electrodes with low electrical resistance, large acoustic-impedance mismatch to the piezoelectric layer, and low density are ideal to reduce insertion loss. Based on the research progress, several possible research directions in the AlN-based filters are suggested at the end of the paper.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-023-00104-4.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140728419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A newly developed Cu(Rh) alloy film and its characteristics and applications","authors":"Chon-Hsin Lin","doi":"10.1007/s43673-024-00118-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-024-00118-6","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;div&gt;&lt;p&gt;A new type of copper (Cu)-rhodium (Rh)-alloy, Cu(Rh), films is developed by co-sputtering copper and rhodium onto silicon (Si) substrates under an argon (Ar) atmosphere. The new films are next annealed at 600 and 670 °C, or alternatively at 100 and 450 °C, for 1 h. Longer annealing to the films, for up to 8 days, is also conducted to explore resistivity variation. The resistivity of the new 300-nm-thick film is 2.19 μΩ cm after annealing at 670 °C for 1 h and drifts to 2.26 and 2.14 μΩ after annealing at 400 and 450 °C, respectively, for 200 h. A 2.7-μm-thick Sn layer is then thermally evaporated atop the new film for stable flip-chip solder joints; their metal and Cu-Sn intermetallic compound (IMC) growth processes vs. various annealing periods are tested. After annealing at 670 °C, the new 300-nm-thick film’s adhesive strength reaches 44.2 ± 0.01 MPa, which is 11 ~ 12-fold that of their pure Cu counterpart. Some key test results of the new film are disclosed herein, including its X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), time-dependent dielectric-breakdown (TDDB) lifetime curves, and adhesive strength. The new film’s antibacterial efficacy arrives at an antibacterial ratio of approximately 100% against &lt;i&gt;Staphylococcus aureus&lt;/i&gt; (&lt;i&gt;S. aureus&lt;/i&gt;) BCRC 10451 for the 300-nm-thick film and approximately 99.82% for the 8 nm film, far superior to that of a pure Cu film, which is 0 with the same annealing temperature range. The new film, hence, seems to be a remarkable candidate material for various industrial applications, such as ultra-large-scale integrated circuits (ULSIC), micro-electronic circuits, printed circuits, flip-chip technology, medical care concerning antibacteria, and the like.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;h3&gt;Graphical Abstract&lt;/h3&gt;&lt;p&gt;A new type of copper (Cu)-rhodium (Rh)-alloy, Cu(Rh), films is developed by co-sputtering copper and rhodium onto silicon (Si) substrates under an argon (Ar) atmosphere and then annealing the new films at 600 and 670 °C, or alternatively at 100 and 450 °C, for 1 h. Longer annealing to the films, for up to 8 days, is also conducted to explore resistivity variation. The resistivity of the new 300-nm-thick film is 2.19 mW cm after annealing at 670\u0000°C for 1 h and drifts to 2.26 and 2.14 mW after annealing at 400 and 450 °C, respectively, for 200 h. A 2.7-μm-thick Sn layer is next thermally evaporated atop the new film for stable flip-chip solder joints; their metal and Cu-Sn intermetallic compound (IMC) growth processes vs. various annealing periods are tested. After annealing at 670\u0000°C, the new 300-nm-thick film’s adhesive strength reaches 44.2 ± 0.01 MPa, which is 11~12-fold that of their pure Cu counterpart. Some key test results of the new film are disclosed herein, including its X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images, secondary-ion mass spectrometry (SIMS), time-dependent dielectric-breakdown (TDDB","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-024-00118-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140223495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A quantum algorithm for linear differential equations with layerwise parameterized quantum circuits","authors":"Junxiang Xiao,&nbsp;Jingwei Wen,&nbsp;Zengrong Zhou,&nbsp;Ling Qian,&nbsp;Zhiguo Huang,&nbsp;Shijie Wei,&nbsp;Guilu Long","doi":"10.1007/s43673-023-00115-1","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-023-00115-1","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Solving linear differential equations is a common problem in almost all fields of science and engineering. Here, we present a variational algorithm with shallow circuits for solving such a problem: given an <span>(N times N)</span> matrix <span>({varvec{A}})</span>, an <i>N</i>-dimensional vector <span>(varvec{b})</span>, and an initial vector <span>(varvec{x}(0))</span>, how to obtain the solution vector <span>(varvec{x}(T))</span> at time <i>T</i> according to the constraint <span>(textrm{d}varvec{x}(t)/textrm{d} t = {varvec{A}}varvec{x}(t) + varvec{b})</span>. The core idea of the algorithm is to encode the equations into a ground state problem of the Hamiltonian, which is solved via hybrid quantum-classical methods with high fidelities. Compared with the previous works, our algorithm requires the least qubit resources and can restore the entire evolutionary process. In particular, we show its application in simulating the evolution of harmonic oscillators and dynamics of non-Hermitian systems with <span>(mathcal{P}mathcal{T})</span>-symmetry. Our algorithm framework provides a key technique for solving so many important problems whose essence is the solution of linear differential equations.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-023-00115-1.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140079677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The study of angular distance distribution to the solar flares during different solar cycles","authors":"Ramy Mawad","doi":"10.1007/s43673-023-00102-6","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s43673-023-00102-6","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>The angular distance of the solar flares to the projective point of the center of the solar disk on the solar spherical surface has been studied by the heliographical or helioprojective coordinates, during the periods 1975–2021 for GOES events and 2002–2021 for RHESSI events, hereafter “distance.” It gives a specific distribution curvature. It has also been noted that when using the number of solar flare events in each satellite, GOES or RHESSI, or even using the sum of the flux (class) or importance parameter, it obtains the same result, which is that the shape of the distribution curve remains in its shape without any significant change. In addition, it has been shown that the distribution curve contains a specific number of peaks. These peaks have a specific distance from the center of the solar disk that is very similar to the projection of the solar interior layers on the solar disk. For this reason, the names of these four main peaks have been given as follows: (1) the core circle (0–15°): it is a projection of the solar core onto the solar disk, (2) radiative ring (15–45°), and (3) the convection ring (45–55°). The limb ring is 80–90°. This result makes us wonder why the number of events in the middle of the solar disk is few, and also small at the solar limb, while many in the other parts in the solar disk. This suggests that we need to understand the sun better than before, and it also suggests that solar flares are connected to each other through the solar interior layers, the extent of which may reach the convection zone or perhaps beyond that, or the opacity of the convection zone may be less than the currently estimated value.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":100007,"journal":{"name":"AAPPS Bulletin","volume":"34 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.1007/s43673-023-00102-6.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142410793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}