Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 3最新文献

{"title":"Chemical Composition and Antibacterial Activity of Essential Oil of Skimmia lauriola from Tehri Garhwal","authors":"Naveen Kumar, K. Bharti, J. S. Jangwan, Shyamsana Singh","doi":"10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3484f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3484f","url":null,"abstract":"Aromatic plants have played key roles in the lives of tribal peoples living in the Himalaya by providing products for both food and medicine. The chemical composition of the essential oils of Skimmia lauriola (leaves) growing in Northern Garhwal, Himalaya has been studied. The wildly growing plants were collected from Dhanolti region of Tehri Garhwal. The essential oil was extracted using hydro distillation techniques and analysed using GC/MS. Thirty seven components were identified, accounting for 86.33% of the total oil. The oil is mainly composed of linalool acetate (26.40 %), L-linalool (14.18 %), (beta)-phellendrene (9.03 %), prejeijerene (7.06 %), (alpha)-terpineol (6.25%), geranyl acetate (3.89 %) and myrcene (2.18 %). Antibacterial activity of the essential oil was evaluated. Pseudomonas aurens had the most activity, with an 8 mm zone of inhibition, followed by Escherichia coli with a 5 mm zone of inhibition, while Bacillus subtilis and Staphylococcus aureginosa were completely unaffected.","PeriodicalId":9714,"journal":{"name":"Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 3","volume":"13 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82397762","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigating the Effect of Temperature and Phase on Properties of Metal Pseudobrookite","authors":"S. S. Gurav, S. Salvi","doi":"10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3397f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3397f","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9714,"journal":{"name":"Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 3","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84233211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of the Treatment of Kidney Stone with Upupa Epops, Cissus Adanta Roxb and Cissus Javana DC in the Urinary Medium: A Comparative Approach","authors":"S. O. Ibopishak, D. A. Bimola","doi":"10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/1795c","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/1795c","url":null,"abstract":"Kidney stone is a very common disease suffered by many peoples. It causes health problems such as severe pain, urinary obstruction and infection that adversely affect well being individuals.  It may be treated by using allopathic and herbal drugs, lithotripsy, open surgery etc. Medicinal plants are also used for such treatment. These plants are less side effect and more economic. In this article, chemoinhibitory effects of Upupa epops, Cissus adnata Roxb and Cissus javana DC for calcium phosphate(CP)   stone  and calcium oxalate(CaOX) stone formation in the aqueous and urinary media is studied. Kidney stone is treated with Hoopoe, Cissus adnata Roxb and Cissus javana DC in the urinary medium. The comparative study shows the inhibitory effect of the mixture of Hoopoe and Cissus javana DC  for CP and CaOX stones in the aqueous and urinary media is higher and also the digestion or dissolution of kidney stone is higher by this mixture in the urinary medium.","PeriodicalId":9714,"journal":{"name":"Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 3","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79232060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Virtual Screening of Treated Pistachio vera Shell Powder as a Potential Sorbent in Sequestering Ubiquitous Divalent Metal Ions from Aqueous Matrices","authors":"N. Andal, N. S. Devi, K. Vivithabharathi","doi":"10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3002f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3002f","url":null,"abstract":"Water pollution due to noxious heavy metals such as Hg(II), Cr(VI), Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions etc., has been tremendously gaining attention. Increasing concentrations of these metals into the ecosystem constitute a severe health hazard due to their toxicity, accumulation and bio- magnification. Lead contamination of drinking water is a great threat via lead pipes, plating units etc. Pistachio vera shell (PVS) is a hard layer surrounding the nut kernels. The current work evaluates the feasibility of powdered Pistachio vera shell (PVSP) - a bio waste in sequestering Pb(II) ions after treating with 0.1N HCl / NaOH to enhance its sorption efficacy (TPVSP). SEM, FTIR and microscopic analyses are recorded for material characterization. The competence of the sorbent material is experimentally verified through Batch mode under various operating factors viz., particle size and dosage of TPVSP, agitation time interval between TPVSP and Pb(II) ions, initial concentrations of Pb(II) ions, pH of the adsorption medium, effects of cations, anions, co-ions and influence of temperatures on Pb(II) – TPVSP system. The residual concentrations of Pb(II) ions from aqueous solutions are analyzed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (SHIMADZU-AA-6200). Langmuir and Freundlich models are applied to describe the adsorption capacity. Column studies are conducted to ensure the quantitative estimation of TPVSP, wherein 99% of Pb(II) is removed by 40 mg TPVSP at a flow rate of 100 ml/10 mins.","PeriodicalId":9714,"journal":{"name":"Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 3","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86813117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"In vitro Release Study of Drug from Nano Particle","authors":"S. Manchanda","doi":"10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3136f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3136f","url":null,"abstract":"Recent years have witnessed unprecedented growth of research and applications in the area of nanoscience and nanotechnology. There is increasing optimism that nanotechnology, as applied to medicine, will bring significant advances in the diagnosis and treatment of disease. Anticipated applications in medicine include drug delivery, both in vitro and in vivo diagnostics, nutraceuticals and production of improved biocompatible materials. \u0000Carbon Nanomaterials exhibit many unique intrinsic physical and chemical properties and have been intensively explored for biological and biomedical applications in the past few years. The presented work is a prelude in the direction of using Carbon Nano fibers as a vehicle for drug delivery to the desired sites. Release study of the anti cancer drug, Doxorubicin from the functionalized Carbon Nano fibers at different temperature and pH conditions were studied. Loaded anticancer drug shows better release in acidic medium. Moreover, increased release is seen with the increase in temperature.","PeriodicalId":9714,"journal":{"name":"Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 3","volume":"109 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74752735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"An Experimental Investigation on Reverse Direction Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary Chromatography, Hydrostatic Flow Injection and Diffusional Injection","authors":"K. Ghowsi, Hosein Ghowsi","doi":"10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/9413d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/9413d","url":null,"abstract":"Dunn, Hankins, and Ghowsi observed separation in the case where ions incapillary electrophoresis migrate in the opposite direction of electroosmosis and ions travel faster than flow, eventually separating them and reaching the detector.For the separation of p-xylene and toluene, a similar form of electrokinetic chromatography called reverse direction MECC has been developed (micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography).In reverse direction micellar electrokinetic capillary chromatography, the influence of injection time on separation is explored. Hydrostatic and diffusion injection were investigated in this study.","PeriodicalId":9714,"journal":{"name":"Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 3","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78562288","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Scientific Investigation of Borreria hispida (Linn) – A Tamil Traditional Medicinal Plant against Hyperlipidemia Disease","authors":"C. Selvin, J.S.S. Babu, A. Muthu","doi":"10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3780d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3780d","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the present investigation was to evaluate the lipid lowering effect of various extract of whole plant of Borreria hispida (Linn) in high fat fed rats. The whole plant Borreria hispida (Linn) dry powder was extracted with various solvents (PE, EA and methanol) through Soxhlet extracter and crude various extract utilized for hypolipidemic activities. The acute toxicity study was found that all the extracts are safe up to 2000mg/kg, so one tenth of this dose was consider as evaluation dose. Different extracts (Petroleum ether, Ethyl acetate and Methanol) of Borreria hispida (Linn) were administered in dose of 200mg/kg/day to rats fed with high fat diet to assess its possible lipid-lowering potential A total number of 36 animals were divided into 6 groups of six each. Group I normal, Group II High Fat Diet, Group III- High fat diet plus Pet.ether extract (200mg/kg b.wt), Group IV High fat diet plus Ethyl acetate extract (200 mg/kg b.wt), Group V High fat diet plus Methanol extract (200 mg/kg b.wt), Group VI High fat diet plus standard drug atorvastatin (1.2 mg/kg b.wt). There was a noticed increase in the body weight in HFD fed group (p<0.001), which was reduced by the administration of methanolic extract of Borreria hispida (200 mg/kg). The elevated levels of total cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, LDL-C and VLDL-C were observed in rats fed with high fat diet (group II). After treatment of methanolic extract of Borreria hispida (200mg/kg/day) showed a significant (p<0.001) decrement in body weight, plasma and tissue total cholesterol, triglycerides, phospholipids, plasma LDL-C and VLDL-C along with an increase in plasma HDL-C when compared to HFD rats (group II). The similar result was not found in other two extract treatment groups. The methanolic extract of Borreria hispida could protect against atherosclerosis and decrease the atherogenic index than that of other extract treatment groups.This finding provides some biochemical basis for the use of methanolic extract of whole plant of Borreria hispida could protect against atherosclerosis and decrease the atherogenic index, thereby supporting the local use of Borreria hispida in the management of atherosclerosis.","PeriodicalId":9714,"journal":{"name":"Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 3","volume":"44 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84032009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Investigation on the Sequestration of Divalent Metal Ions Employing Animal Waste","authors":"N. Andal, N. Gayathri, J. Anuradha","doi":"10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3001f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3001f","url":null,"abstract":"Heavy metal ions are toxic to the eco-system, when the exceed their concentrations as per specific standards. The widespread use of these in industries control havoc, therefore considerable attention in given for their reduction and removal. It is necessary to develop novel materials in environment order to chelate these toxicants in environmental samples. Based on this need for developing zero cost sorbent, the present study aims at investigating the sorption capacity of Goat Hooves, a no cost material, in the process of removal of Pb(II) and Cd(II) ions from aqueous media. Goat hooves are subjected Fourier Transform Infra-Red spectroscopy / Scanning Electron Microscopy analyses, post proper treatment (TGH), to identify the functional groups and describe its surface morphology respectively. Batch equilibration experiments are conducted to verify the impact of varied operating parameters viz., particle size, dosage, initial concentration, contact time and pH. The obtained data are modelled using Langmuir, Freundlich and Temkin isotherms. Langmuir plot exhibited better linearity amongst other derived models indicating of monolayer adsorption to be followed by Pb(II) – TGH and Cd(II)- TGH. Further, Statistical tool analyses using SPSS 20 software, recorded a significant correlation value when applied to the optimized conditions of the batch studies.","PeriodicalId":9714,"journal":{"name":"Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 3","volume":"47 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78109049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on the Efficiency of Metal Modified Bio–Nanocomposite Bead for Removal via Retention of Some Anthraquinone Dye","authors":"M. Sarkar, Dhiman Santra, Shanku Denrah, S. Sarkar, P. Sarkar","doi":"10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/11054d","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/11054d","url":null,"abstract":"In an aim to study the efficiency of metal modified bio–nanocomposite bead for removal via retention of anionic dye the batch adsorption tests were conducted with iron(III) loaded cellulose nanocomposite bead and alizarin red S, of different concentrations, from aqueous environment. The spectral and surface character of the bead was investigated. The process was optimized for variables (pH, contact time, initial dye concentration, adsorbent dose, temperature), employing response surface methodology following full factorial and central composite design. The maximum adsorption of 97% was observed at an optimum condition of pH 3.0, dose of 2.0 gdm-3 and shaking time of 45 mins corresponding to the dye concentration of 100 mgdm-3 at 303 K. The influence of the significant variables was correlated with the extent of dye adsorption in a second order polynomial equation. The mutual interactions of the significant variables were presented by 3D response surface and 2D contour plots in the design space. The adsorption was better described by Langmuir isotherm and pseudo second order kinetics. The process was spontaneous (-(Delta)G°, 48.19 kJmol-1), feasible ((Delta)S°, 0.284 Jmol-1K-1) and endothermic ((Delta)H°, 71.62 kJmol-1). The adsorbent can be regenerated with NaOH (10.0.10-2 M) and recycled for reuse, at least for five successive operations.","PeriodicalId":9714,"journal":{"name":"Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 3","volume":"61 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83825333","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on Biosorption of Divalent ion onto Treated Prosopis Juliflora Bark from Aqueous Solutions: An Approach towards Isothermal and Statistical Analysis","authors":"N. Andal, S. Charulatha, N. Gayathri","doi":"10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3033f","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/bpi/cacs/v3/3033f","url":null,"abstract":"The present work emphasizes the utilization of Prosopis juliflora bark for adsorption of Cu(II). Raw Prosopis juliflora bark is treated using 0.1N hydrochloric acid to enhance its sorption efficiency. Characterization of TPJB was carried out using Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis, Bruner-Emmet-Teller and Barrett-Joyner-Halenda analyses. Experimental verification for Cu(II)- TPJB through Batch mode under operating factors viz., particle sizes/ doses of the material upon a range of initial Cu(II) concentrations at different temperatures, agitation time and pH values system was conducted, where maximum amount adsorbed is found to be 43.11 mg/g (97.4%) ,under optimized conditions, its efficiency being 3 fold times more than Ce values reported by other researchers. Quantification of Treated Prosopis juliflora bark is done through column studies, wherein 98% Cu(II) removal is observed. Langmuir, Freundlich and Tempkin isothermal curves at various initial concentrations are plotted for Cu(II)-TPJB system, the straight line fit is best suited for Freundlich model. The response of Treated Prosopis juliflora bark in trapping Cu(II) ions  influenced by various parameters is statistically verified using SPSS software, indicative of good correlation.","PeriodicalId":9714,"journal":{"name":"Challenges and Advances in Chemical Science Vol. 3","volume":"59 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75011664","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}