Cerebrovascular Diseases最新文献

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Middle Meningeal Artery Embolization for Patients with Chronic Subdural Hematoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Nabihah Kabir, Busmah Owais, Gabriela Trifan, Fernando Testai","doi":"10.1159/000543041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Chronic subdural hematoma (CSDH) is characterized by the collection of blood beneath the dura mater. Traditional treatments involve surgical drainage of the hematoma, but recurrence rates can be high. A highly vascularized neo-membrane irrigated by the middle meningeal artery (MMA) may be involved in CSDH re-accumulation. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that compared the efficacy and safety of MMA embolization to conventional treatment alone for CSDH.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A systematic search of PubMed, Embase Ovid, and ClinicalTrials.gov identified observational and randomized clinical studies comparing MMA embolization to conventional treatment for chronic subdural hematoma. The efficacy outcomes were hematoma recurrence and good functional outcome (as defined by a modified Rankin Scale score (mRS) of 0-2). Safety outcomes were the rate of major complication and mortality. Heterogeneity among studies were evaluated using the I2 statistic. Analyses were conducted using Cochrane Review Manager software, with risk ratios (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) presented for key outcomes. Absolute risk reduction (ARR, 95% CI) 1000 patients were also calculated using GRADEpro software.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The analysis included data from 13 studies (4 RCTs and 9 observational studies) with a total number of 2960 patients (35.3% in the MMA group and 64.7% in the conventional treatment group). Compared to conventional treatment, MMA embolization decreased risk of hematoma recurrence by 59% (13 studies, RR=0.41, 95% CI 0.26-0.65; I2=49%), for an absolute effect of 116 fewer events/1000 patients (95% CI 69-145), with similar risk of major complications (13 studies, RR=0.88, 95% CI=0.67-1.15; I2 = 43%) and mortality risk (13 studies, RR=1.05, 95% CI=0.67-1.65). In subgroup analyses by study type, pooled results from RCTs showed similar direction effects as those from observational studies for both efficacy and safety outcomes.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>MMA embolization in CSDH management is a safe and effective approach for CSDH.</p>","PeriodicalId":9683,"journal":{"name":"Cerebrovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142834015","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lack of consensus among stroke experts on the optimal blood pressure target of acute ischemic stroke: evidence from a national survey.","authors":"Bing Zhang, Yihan Zhou, Xiaoxi Zhang, Yunke Li, Yang Zhao, Lili Song, Pengfei Yang, Yongwei Zhang, Jianmin Liu","doi":"10.1159/000543043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000543043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There remains a lack of consensus among physicians regarding the blood pressure management strategy for acute ischemic stroke patients, this study sought to determine current practice patterns and extension of consensus among stroke physicians after publications of several randomized controlled trials (RCTs).</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>An online survey of stroke clinicians registered to OCIN (Oriental Conference of Interventional Neurovascology) platform and ENCHANTED2/MT trial (Enhanced Control of Hypertension and Thrombectomy Stroke Study) collaborators was conducted to investigate the blood pressure management strategy after mechanical thrombectomy. The survey was sent out in March 2024, extracted within 1 month, and then analyzed comprehensively using descriptive statistics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>351 available responses were collected and analyzed. These participants mostly come from tertiary-level hospitals (90.6%) in 31 provinces in China. During mechanical thrombectomy (MT), the most popular blood pressure (BP) target was 140-160 mmHg (36.5%, 128/351) and 120-140 mmHg (26.8%, 94/351). For patients achieved successful reperfusion, those who achieved expanded treatment in cerebral infarction (eTICI) 3 were expected to maintain BP target of 120-140 mmHg (56.7%, 199/351) or <120 mmHg (27.1%, 95/351), while eTICI 2b were wished to 120-140 mmHg (45.3%, 159/351) or 140-160mmHg (38.5%, 135/351). For patients who achieved unsuccessful reperfusion, the most selected BP target was 140-160mmHg (40.7%, 143/351). In brief, Clinical doctors from China with different experiences have different views on the goals of BP management.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The survey highlights inter-institutional variability among stroke experts regarding the optimal BP target for acute ischemic stroke. While a majority of institutions have established standardized protocols for post-MT BP management, further prospective randomized trials are warranted to determine the optimal BP target.</p>","PeriodicalId":9683,"journal":{"name":"Cerebrovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-9"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142834032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex Differences in Patients with Stroke: A Hospital-Based Multicenter Prospective Study in Brazil.","authors":"Gisele Sampaio Silva, Daniela Laranja Gomes Rodrigues, Monique Bueno Alves, Renata Carolina Acri Nunes Miranda, Georgiana Alvares Andrade Viana, Bento Fortunato Cardoso Dos Santos, Cícera Borges Machado, Claudio Luiz Lottenberg, Miguel Cendoroglo Neto, Renato Tanjoni, João José Freitas de Carvalho","doi":"10.1159/000542940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000542940","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Stroke in Brazil disproportionately affects women, despite men having higher age-adjusted incidence and mortality rates. Women's longer lifespan contributes to their increased stroke burden, particularly among older individuals.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study examines sex disparities in stroke epidemiology and treatment in Fortaleza, Brazil, addressing the lack of sex-specific stroke data.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Data were prospectively collected from 19 hospitals between April 2009 and April 2012, following the WHO's Stroke Steps program, with analysis stratified by sex assigned at birth.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Out of 4,679 patients, 2,403 were females. Women were significantly older than men (69.1 years vs. 66.2 years, p < 0.01). Time to hospital admission and CT scans from symptom onset were similar between sexes. Men typically presented with motor, speech, and sensory symptoms, while women more often experienced decreased consciousness and headaches. Women had higher rates of diabetes and obesity, whereas men were more likely to smoke and have a history of alcohol abuse, myocardial infarctions, or strokes. Univariable logistic regressions examined factors affecting the modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at discharge, categorizing scores into 0-2 (lesser disability) and 3-6 (greater disability). Fewer women achieved an mRS score of ≤2 compared to men (77.6% vs. 81.7%, p < 0.01). Multivariable analysis indicated that being female increased the likelihood of a higher mRS score at discharge (OR 1.23, 95% CI [1.01-1.51], p = 0.04).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The study highlights the persistent challenge for women in regaining independence post-stroke, emphasizing the need for personalized stroke care that addresses sex-specific differences.</p>","PeriodicalId":9683,"journal":{"name":"Cerebrovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142834037","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Erratum.","authors":"","doi":"10.1159/000542749","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542749","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9683,"journal":{"name":"Cerebrovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142817244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sex differences in stroke in a Sri Lankan cohort.","authors":"Udaya K Ranawaka, Chamila D Mettananda, Miyurangi Nugawela, Jithmi Pathirana, Jayalath Chandrasiri, Champa Jayawardena, Deepa Amarasekara, Raja Hettarachchi, Gayani Premawansa, Arunasalam Pathmeswaran","doi":"10.1159/000542943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000542943","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Stroke characteristics, subtypes and risk factors in women may differ from men. Data on sex differences in stroke are scarce in developing countries, especially the South Asian region. We aimed to describe the sex differences in patients with stroke admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Sri Lanka.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Consecutive patients with stroke enrolled in the Ragama Stroke Registry over 3 years (2020-2023) were studied. Sex differences in demographics, presentation delays, clinical characteristics, stroke subtypes, risk factors, stroke severity and early functional outcomes were compared using chi-square test, independent sample t-test and Wilcoxon rank sum test. Associations of early functional dependence were studied using multiple logistic regression.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of 949 patients with stroke, 387 (40.8%) were women, with a median age of 66 (IQR 57-73) years compared to 63 (IQR 54-70) years in men (p<0.001). Women had more ischaemic strokes (85.8% vs 78.6% in men, p=0.005). Swallowing difficulty (p=0.039) and bladder involvement (p=0.001) were more common in women, whereas dysarthria (p=0.002) and cerebellar signs (p=0.005) were more common in men. More women had hypertension (74.4% vs 59.4%, p<0.001) and diabetes (52.2% vs 41.6%, p=0.001), whereas smoking (35.1% vs 0.3%, p<0.001), alcohol use (55.0% vs 0.3%, p<0.001) and other substance abuse (5.2% vs 0.8%, p<0.001) were almost exclusively seen in men. No differences were noted in delays to hospital admission (delay ≥4.5 hours: women- 45.4% vs men-41.3%, p=0.222). There were no sex differences in the rates of CT scanning (women- 100% vs men- 99.6%, p=0.516) or thrombolysis for ischaemic stroke (women- 7.8% vs men- 10.2%, p=0.458), but more men received stroke unit care (men- 45.4% vs women- 37.2%, p=0.012). No differences were noted between sexes in the clinical (Oxfordshire classification, p=0.671) or aetiological (TOAST criteria, p=0.364) subtypes of stroke. Stroke severity on admission was similar between sexes (median NIHSS score; women- 8.0 vs men- 8.0, p=0.897). More women had a discharge Barthel index (BI) <60 than men (62.6% vs 53.5%, p=0.007), but female sex was not associated with BI<60 on multivariate logistic regression (p=0.134). There was no difference in in-hospital mortality (women-5.9% vs. men- 5.9%, p=0.963).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Women with stroke in this South Asian cohort were older, had different risk factor profiles and clinical stroke characteristics, and had more ischaemic strokes. Female sex was not independently associated with functional disability on discharge or in-hospital mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":9683,"journal":{"name":"Cerebrovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-17"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142806280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Post-Stroke Osteoporosis Screening: A Scoping Review.","authors":"Sydney Knight, Rachel Swance, Emma A Bateman, Kristin K Clemens, Alexandra Papaioannou, Jamie L Fleet","doi":"10.1159/000542924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1159/000542924","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>There are no specific screening recommendations for post-stroke osteoporosis despite evidence that people post-stroke are at heightened risk of fragility fractures. Our objective was to explore the extent of evidence and map the current literature available for osteoporosis screening in the post-stroke population.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This scoping review searched for articles in Medline, Embase, and CINAHL databases published in English before May 2024, involving osteoporosis screening for adults after stroke. Title and abstract screening as well as full text review and data extraction was performed by two reviewers. Analysis of the studies is descriptive and narrative.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Eight articles met inclusion criteria: five published articles and three peer-reviewed conference abstracts. Three study designs were utilized: four cross-sectional studies, three cohort studies, and one survey. Four studies investigated post-stroke osteoporosis screening rates, two looked at screening pathways for post-stroke osteoporosis, and two assessed novel osteoporosis screening tools. No post-stroke osteoporosis screening guidelines were found. Across all included studies, reported screening rates for post-stroke osteoporosis were less than 10%.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>This scoping review emphasizes the need for osteoporosis screening guidelines and risk assessment tools specific to the post-stroke population.</p>","PeriodicalId":9683,"journal":{"name":"Cerebrovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142766586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Association of the Brain White Matter Hyperintensity with the Cognitive Performance in Middle-Aged Population.","authors":"Yousef Hannawi, Lisa R Yanek, Brian G Kral, Lewis C Becker, Dhananjay Vaidya, Paul A Nyquist","doi":"10.1159/000542710","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542710","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>White matter hyperintensity (WMH) is typically classified into periventricular and deep WMH (PVWMH and DWMH) based on its proximity to the ventricles. While WMH volume has been associated with the cognitive performance and decline in patients with cerebral small vessel disease, the relative contributions of PVWMH and DWMH to the cognitive profile of these patients remain unclear. Therefore, we aimed to determine the differences in association of PVWMH and DWMH with a battery of cognitive tests in a group of middle-aged population at risk for cardiovascular disease.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants in the Genetic Study for Atherosclerosis Risk (GeneSTAR) who had a brain magnetic resonance imaging, a cognitive battery, and were older than 50 years of age were studied. The relative association of PVWMH and DWMH with each of the cognitive measures was tested using multilevel linear regression models adjusting for age, intracranial volume, and cardiovascular risk factors. Adjustment for multiple comparisons was completed by using Benjamini-Hochberg procedure for the primary outcome and q-value of <0.1 was considered significant. Maximal likelihood estimation analysis was used to explore whether age moderated the difference in association of PVWMH and DWMH with the cognitive tests.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 435 participants (age 58.9 ± 6.14 years, 58.38% women, and 39.54% black) were studied. We identified a greater association of PVWMH than DWMH with a worse performance on the grooved peg board test (q-value = 0.06) including the dominant (q-value = 0.098) and nondominant hand (q-value = 0.098) performance as well as the delayed word recall test in its short form (q-value = 0.098). Age did not moderate the differences in the association of PVWMH and DWMH with these cognitive tests.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Our findings indicate a greater effect of PVWMH than DWHM on manipulative manual dexterity and delayed word recall functions suggesting potential injury of the white matter tracts that are relevant to these function by PVWMH. These findings need to be confirmed in future large prospective studies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9683,"journal":{"name":"Cerebrovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142686240","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-Stroke Frailty Negatively Affects Leptomeningeal Collateral Flow in Proximal Middle Cerebral Artery Occlusion.","authors":"Ethem Murat Arsava, Ezgi Yilmaz, Ezgi Demirel, Ozlem Aykac, Zehra Uysal Kocabas, Baki Dogan, Murat Polat, Atilla Ozcan Ozdemir, Levent Gungor, Mehmet Akif Topcuoglu","doi":"10.1159/000542627","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542627","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>The adequacy of blood flow from the leptomeningeal collaterals is considered one of the most important factors determining the rate of infarct progression and response to acute stroke treatments in the setting of large vessel occlusions. Several patient-related variables, including age, vascular risk factors, and laboratory parameters, have been proposed to explain the interindividual variability of collateral flow among stroke patients. This study aimed to assess how pre-stroke frailty, an aging-related syndrome characterized by a loss in the physiologic reserve of numerous body functions, affected the degree of leptomeningeal collateral flow in the setting of acute ischemic stroke.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A consecutive series of patients presenting with proximal middle cerebral artery occlusion were enrolled in this prospective, multicenter observational study. Collateral flow was determined by the regional leptomeningeal collateral (rLMC) score on admission computed tomography angiography images. Pre-stroke frailty was assessed by the Edmonton Frailty Scale (EFS), based on the information obtained from patients or their next of kin. The relationship between collateral flow and frailty was evaluated by bivariate and multivariate analyses taking into consideration the demographic, clinical, and imaging characteristics of the patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study population was comprised of 116 patients (median [interquartile range] age 78 [71-84] years; 60% female). The EFS scores were negatively correlated with the rLMC score (r = -0.264; p = 0.004). A vulnerable or frail (EFS ≥6) status before stroke, higher blood pressure levels at admission, having imaging studies performed at an earlier phase after contrast injection, and presenting with thrombi extending to the proximal half of the M1 portion of the middle cerebral artery were significantly related to poor collateral circulation (rLMC score ≤10). After adjustment for potential confounders in multivariable analyses, a vulnerable/frail status was independently associated with poor leptomeningeal collateral flow (OR: 2.97 [95% CI: 1.15-7.69]; p = 0.025).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings highlight that the leptomeningeal collateral flow is also compromised as part of the diminished physiologic reserve characterizing the frailty status in patients with acute ischemic stroke. Future studies are needed to understand how this interplay contributes to the unfavorable clinical outcomes observed in frail patients after stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":9683,"journal":{"name":"Cerebrovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-7"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142675279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Impact of Vascular Risk Factors on Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy: A Cohort Study in Hereditary Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy and a Systemic Review in Sporadic Cerebral Amyloid Angiopathy.","authors":"Sabine Voigt, Ingeborg Rasing, Maaike C van der Plas, Sarah J H Khidir, Emma A Koemans, Kanishk Kaushik, Ellis S van Etten, Jan W Schoones, Erik W van Zwet, Marieke J H Wermer","doi":"10.1159/000542666","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542666","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) has a remarkably variable disease course, even in monogenetic hereditary forms. Our aim was to investigate the prevalence of vascular risk factors and their effect on disease onset and course in Dutch-type hereditary (D-)CAA and sporadic CAA.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We performed a cohort study in D-CAA to investigate the association between vascular risk factors (hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, smoking, and alcohol use) and age of intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) onset and time of ICH recurrence with survival analyses. In addition, we performed a systematic review to assess the prevalence of vascular risk factors and their effect on clinical outcome in sporadic CAA. We searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library from 1987 to 2022 and included cohorts with ≥10 patients. We created forest plots, calculated pooled estimates, and reported variability (heterogeneity plus sampling variability) and risk of bias.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>We included 70 participants with D-CAA (47% women, mean age 53 years). Sixteen (23%) had hypertension, 15 (21%) had hypercholesterolemia, 45 (64%) were smokers, and 61 (87%) used alcohol. We found no clear effect of vascular risk factors on age of first ICH (log-rank test hypertension: p = 0.35, hypercholesterolemia: p = 0.41, smoking: p = 0.61, and alcohol use: p = 0.55) or time until ICH recurrence (log-rank test hypertension: p = 0.71, hypercholesterolemia: p = 0.20, and smoking: p = 0.71). We identified 25 out of 1,234 screened papers that assessed the prevalence of risk factors in CAA and 6 that reported clinical outcomes. The pooled prevalence estimates of hypertension was 62% (95% CI: 55-69%), diabetes was 17% (95% CI: 14-20%), dyslipidemia was 32% (95% CI: 23-41%), and tobacco use was 27% (95% CI: 18-36%). One study reported study diabetes and hypertension to be associated with a lower risk of recurrent ICH, whereas another study reported hypertension to be associated with an increased risk. All other studies showed no association between vascular risk factors and clinical outcome. High-quality studies focusing on vascular risk factors were lacking.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>In patients with D-CAA and sporadic CAA, the prevalence of vascular risk factors is high. Although this suggests an opportunity for prevention, there is no clear association between these risk factors and CAA-related ICH onset and recurrence.</p>","PeriodicalId":9683,"journal":{"name":"Cerebrovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142667144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Utilising Retinal Phenotypes to Predict Cerebrovascular Disease and Detect Related Risk Factors in Multi-Ethnic Populations: A Narrative Review.","authors":"Ranjit J Injety, Riddhi Shenoy, Robert C Free, Jatinder S Minhas, Mervyn G Thomas","doi":"10.1159/000542492","DOIUrl":"10.1159/000542492","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Cerebrovascular diseases (CBVDs) are a major cause of mortality and disability, with significant ethnic variations suggesting specific risk factors. Early detection of these risk factors is critical, and retinal imaging offers a non-invasive method to achieve this.</p><p><strong>Summary: </strong>Retinal phenotypes can serve as early markers for CBVDs. Racial differences in retinal and vascular morphometric characteristics have been described. Examining these characteristics in the context of racial differences could improve early detection and targeted interventions for CBVDs. This review discusses the role of retinal imaging in predicting CBVDs and highlights the importance of ethnicity-specific approaches.</p><p><strong>Key messages: </strong>Understanding ethnic variations in retinal features can enhance the precision of CBVD prediction and enable personalised treatment strategies.</p>","PeriodicalId":9683,"journal":{"name":"Cerebrovascular Diseases","volume":" ","pages":"1-18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142614996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}