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Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute最新文献

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Inhibition of Autoxidation by Di-μ-thio-dithio-bis (dialkyldithiocarbamate) Dimolybdenum Inhibition of Autoxidation《Di -μ-thio-dithio-bis Dimolybdenum (dialkyldithiocarbamate)
Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute Pub Date : 1974-11-25 DOI: 10.1627/JPI1959.16.112
H. Isoyama, T. Sakurai
{"title":"Inhibition of Autoxidation by Di-μ-thio-dithio-bis (dialkyldithiocarbamate) Dimolybdenum","authors":"H. Isoyama, T. Sakurai","doi":"10.1627/JPI1959.16.112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1627/JPI1959.16.112","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of molybdenum dialkyldithiocarbamates (I) and di-μ-thio-dithio-bis (dialkyldithiocarbamates) dimolybdenum (II) as antioxidants in the autoxidation of squalane was investigated and compared with zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate. Induction periods of doped squalane were measured using an automatic recording oxygen absorption apparatus.These compounds show efficient inhibition action and give sharply defined induction periods, there being an abrupt change in O2 uptake rate. It has been found that the potency as oxidation inhibitor of molybdenum compound (I) and (II) is the same irrespective of their degree of sulfurization. It seems, therefore, that the alkyl group play an important role in the activity of oxidation inhibition.It has been experimentally found that zinc and molybdenum compounds (I, II) act as peroxide decomposer for tert-butyl hydroperoxide in chroloform solution and squalane hydroperoxide. Seemingly, capacity of molybdenum compounds (I, II) to decompose hydroperoxide is higher than that of zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate. For autoxidation of squalane initiated by azobisisobutyronitrile, the influence of zinc compound on the rate of oxidation is much more pronounced than the molybdenum compounds (I, II).Therefore, it may be concluded that molybdenum compounds (I, II) suppress the autoxidation of squalane by acting as catalytic peroxide decomposer; on the other hand zinc dialkyldithiocarbamate by terminating the propagation of the oxidative chain reaction.","PeriodicalId":9596,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85603709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 6
Steam Reforming of Hydrocarbons on Noble Metal Catalysts (Part 1) 贵金属催化剂上烃类蒸汽重整(一)
Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute Pub Date : 1974-11-25 DOI: 10.1627/JPI1959.16.95
E. Kikuchi, S. Tanaka, Y. Yamazaki, Y. Morita
{"title":"Steam Reforming of Hydrocarbons on Noble Metal Catalysts (Part 1)","authors":"E. Kikuchi, S. Tanaka, Y. Yamazaki, Y. Morita","doi":"10.1627/JPI1959.16.95","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1627/JPI1959.16.95","url":null,"abstract":"The catalytic activity of Group VIII transition metals except Os for methanesteam reaction under atmospheric pressure at 350∼600°C was investigated. The following activity sequence was obtained: Ru∼Rh>Ni>Ir>Pd∼Pt>>Co∼Fe.Ru and Rh were found to possess high and stable activity over a wide range of steam/methane ratio. The rate of reaction on a Rh-silica catalyst was found to be of the zeroth and 0.5th order with respect to methane and steam, respectively.","PeriodicalId":9596,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76271046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 57
Evaporation Loss of Hydrocarbon in Handling Petroleum 石油处理过程中烃类的蒸发损失
Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute Pub Date : 1974-11-25 DOI: 10.1627/JPI1959.16.132
Ikutoshi Matsumura
{"title":"Evaporation Loss of Hydrocarbon in Handling Petroleum","authors":"Ikutoshi Matsumura","doi":"10.1627/JPI1959.16.132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1627/JPI1959.16.132","url":null,"abstract":"Evaporation losses of hydrocarbons from various sources, such as refinery plants, oil terminals and gas stations, were studied. A correlation involving the volume of discharged gas, temperature and hydrocarbon concentration was derived for crude oil and petroleum products. These gas emission sources were classified according to their mode of evaporation. As a result, hydrocarbon emission factors in terms of annual mean value were obtained for various emission sources, such as cone and floating roof tanks, loading tankers, tank trucks and gas stations; and also the hydrocarbon emission factors far crude oil and such petroleum products as naphtha, gasoline, kerosene, diesel oil and fuel oil. The hydrocarbon emission factors obtained in this study were smaller than those presented by the U. S. EPA.The calculated hydrocarbon emission factor for loading a tanker which was calculated for the first time, was less than 1/5 of that for loading a tank truck. The hydrocarbon emission factor for loading various kinds of vessels with kerosene and diesel oil was about 1/500 of that for loading the same types of vessels with gasoline.","PeriodicalId":9596,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82210129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Studies on the Catalytic Activity of Alkali Polyaluminate as a Catalyst and Support of Nickel Catalyst for Steam Reforming of Hydrocarbons 碱聚铝酸盐作为催化剂和镍催化剂对烃类蒸汽重整的催化活性研究
Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute Pub Date : 1974-11-25 DOI: 10.1627/JPI1959.16.99
S. Komatsu, G. Yamaguchi
{"title":"Studies on the Catalytic Activity of Alkali Polyaluminate as a Catalyst and Support of Nickel Catalyst for Steam Reforming of Hydrocarbons","authors":"S. Komatsu, G. Yamaguchi","doi":"10.1627/JPI1959.16.99","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1627/JPI1959.16.99","url":null,"abstract":"Steam reforming of hydrocarbons is generally used for production of town gas and synthetic gas. Continuous steam reforming under high pressure seems most economical, but its disadvantage is the deposition of carbon that made operation under the most economical steam/oil ratio difficult. But this difficulty has been removed by the development of alkalized nickel catalyst by ICI Co., Ltd. S. P. S. Andrew1) has reported that this catalyst consists of a refractory support and mobil alkali which accelerates the reaction between steam and the deposited carbon. It is further found that kalsilite (K.Al.SiO4) is the most desirable alkali source for the alkalized nickel catalyst.","PeriodicalId":9596,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85675167","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Study on the Production of Branched-chain Carboxylic Acid (Part 1) 支链羧酸的生产研究(一)
Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute Pub Date : 1974-11-25 DOI: 10.1627/JPI1959.16.124
Youji Komatsu, Takeshi Tamura, Kouichi Asano, H. Tsuji, K. Fujii
{"title":"Study on the Production of Branched-chain Carboxylic Acid (Part 1)","authors":"Youji Komatsu, Takeshi Tamura, Kouichi Asano, H. Tsuji, K. Fujii","doi":"10.1627/JPI1959.16.124","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1627/JPI1959.16.124","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9596,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75574787","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Effects of Acid-Base Properties of MoO3-Bi2O3-P2O5 Catalysts on Oxidation Activity and Selectivity MoO3-Bi2O3-P2O5催化剂酸碱性质对氧化活性和选择性的影响
Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute Pub Date : 1974-11-25 DOI: 10.1627/JPI1959.16.118
M. Ai, Sadao Suzuki
{"title":"Effects of Acid-Base Properties of MoO3-Bi2O3-P2O5 Catalysts on Oxidation Activity and Selectivity","authors":"M. Ai, Sadao Suzuki","doi":"10.1627/JPI1959.16.118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1627/JPI1959.16.118","url":null,"abstract":"The vapor-phase oxidation of cis-2-butene, 1, 3-butadiene, acetic acid, and hydrogen were carried out over various MoO3-Bi2O3-P2O5 catalysts with different Bi2O3 contents. Oxidation activity is compared with dehydration activity for 2-propanol, and the ratios of (dehydrogenation rate)/(dehydration rate) for 2-propanol which were used as measures of acidity and basicity of the catalysts. The acidity of the catalysts increases with an increase in the Bi2O3 content and attains a maximum at about Bi/(Mo+Bi)=0.1. The basicity is very low for Bi2O3-poor composition, but sharply increases, with an increase in Bi2O3 at Bi/(Mo+Bi)>0.5. It has been found that oxidation and isomerization activities for olefins are associated with acidity of the catalyst and that oxidation activity for acidic compounds and activation and adsorption of oxygen are associated with basicity. Selectivity for olefin oxidation is also discussed from the viewpoint of the acid-base nature of the reactant and catalyst.","PeriodicalId":9596,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-11-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88989301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Isopropyl Alcohol by Direct Hydration of Propylene 丙烯直接水合制异丙醇
Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute Pub Date : 1974-09-10 DOI: 10.1627/JPI1959.15.50
Y. Onoue, Y. Mizutani, S. Akiyama, Y. Izumi, H. Ihara
{"title":"Isopropyl Alcohol by Direct Hydration of Propylene","authors":"Y. Onoue, Y. Mizutani, S. Akiyama, Y. Izumi, H. Ihara","doi":"10.1627/JPI1959.15.50","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1627/JPI1959.15.50","url":null,"abstract":"Tokuyama Soda has developed a new process for direct hydration of propylene to isopropanol in liquid phase. This process employs a highly active and selective catalyst system which essentially comprises an aqueous solution of polytungsten compounds within a selective pH range.The first commercial plant, having a capacity of 30, 000 metric tons of isopropanol per annum, has been successfully in operation since the beginning of June 1972 at Tokuyama Soda Co., Ltd.The features of the process are simpleness, low value for propylene consumption and freedom from environmental pollution problems. These advantages make Tokuyama Process by far more economical than the conventional process for the manufacture of isopropanol.","PeriodicalId":9596,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83248129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
Catalytic Hydrocracking of Cresols 甲酚的催化加氢裂化
Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute Pub Date : 1974-09-10 DOI: 10.1627/JPI1959.15.23
Khalil Ahmed Moghul, Y. Yamazaki, T. Kawai
{"title":"Catalytic Hydrocracking of Cresols","authors":"Khalil Ahmed Moghul, Y. Yamazaki, T. Kawai","doi":"10.1627/JPI1959.15.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1627/JPI1959.15.23","url":null,"abstract":"dehydroxylation; disproportionation and isomerization reactions were also detected in the advance stages of hydrocracking. CoO-MoO3 supported on Al2O3 (cat-A) favoured dehydroxylation over demethylation and NiO supported on MgO(cat-B) favoured demethylation over dehydroxylation. Disproportionation and isomerization reactions were more pronounced by cat-A than by cat-B. Products detected were phenol, toluene, 2,6-dimethylphenol, 2,4-dimethylphenol and m-, p-xylenes. Kinetics was correlated using a conventional Langmuir-Hinshelwood model. The model was first order with respect to cresol, and the reaction mechanism based on carbonium ion complex formation was suggested.","PeriodicalId":9596,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72763516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Synthesis of Isooctenyl Alcohols from Diisobutylene via Chlorination 二异丁烯氯化法合成异辛醇
Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute Pub Date : 1974-07-02 DOI: 10.1627/JPI1959.15.161
Y. Furukawa, K. Asano, Youji Komatsu
{"title":"Synthesis of Isooctenyl Alcohols from Diisobutylene via Chlorination","authors":"Y. Furukawa, K. Asano, Youji Komatsu","doi":"10.1627/JPI1959.15.161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1627/JPI1959.15.161","url":null,"abstract":"Isooctenyl alcohols were prepared from hydrolysis of diisobutylene monochlorides which were obtained by chlorination of diisobutylene. Analysis and identification of diisobuylene monochloride and isooctenyl alcohol and hydrolysis of the diisobutylene monochloride to isooctenyl alcohol in the presence of alkalis and solvents were studied. The following results were obtained.(1) Structures of the products were determined by the comparison of their IR and NMR spectra with those of authentic compounds. The diisobutylene monochloride contained 1-chloro-2-neopentyl-2-propene, cis-1-chloro-2, 4, 4-trimethyl-2-pentene, trans-1-chloro-2, 4, 4-trimethyl-2-pentene and 3-chloro-2, 4, 4-trimethyl-1-pentene, and the isooctenyl alcohol contained 2-neopentyl-2-propene-1-ol, cis-2, 4, 4-trimethyl-2-pentene-1-ol, trans-2, 4, 4-trimethyl-2-pentene-1-ol and 2, 4, 4-trimethyl-1-pentene-3-ol.(2) Reaction conditions in the presence of alkalis were studied. Among the alkalis used, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate and calcium hydroxide gave favorable results, and the optimum pH value was in the range of 8∼11. When a strong alkali such as sodium hydroxide was used, favorable results were obtained by keeping pH at 8∼10.(3) DMSO was found to be one of most effective solvents in that the rate of hydrolysis was high and primary isooctenyl alcohols were obtained in high selectivity.(4) The kinetic studies showed that hydrolysis of monochloride was of the SN2 type.(5) Examination of the product composition during hydrolysis in DMSO showed that secondary monochloride changed to primary isooctenyl alcohols by isomerization. The reaction path of four isooctenyl chlorides, which were contained in the monochloride, was discussed.","PeriodicalId":9596,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-07-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79878125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Production of Acetic Acid by Catalytic Oxidation of Butene 丁烯催化氧化制乙酸的研究
Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute Pub Date : 1974-05-25 DOI: 10.1627/JPI1959.16.17
K. Kaneko, T. Koyama, S. Wada
{"title":"Production of Acetic Acid by Catalytic Oxidation of Butene","authors":"K. Kaneko, T. Koyama, S. Wada","doi":"10.1627/JPI1959.16.17","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1627/JPI1959.16.17","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9596,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of The Japan Petroleum Institute","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1974-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73548300","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 7
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