Journal of chiropractic medicine最新文献

{"title":"Interpersonal Process of Care Experience of Patients Receiving Care at a Chiropractic Outpatient Teaching Clinic","authors":"Tate Gentile DC, DACCP ,&nbsp;Andrew Whetten PhD ,&nbsp;Joel Alcantara DC, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.09.035","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.09.035","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to examine the interpersonal process of care (IPC) experience of patients receiving care at 1 chiropractic college.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this cross-sectional study, respondents attending care at the Sherman College of Chiropractic outpatient clinic completed a survey (July 2016 to June 2017) to provide their sociodemographic and clinical information and complete an adapted version of the IPC-18 to assess their IPC experience with chiropractic care. Principal component analysis and k-means cluster analysis determined natural groupings/clusters of respondents. Random forest modeling determined factors predictive of shared decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Ninety-nine patients (41 males, 44 females, and 14 unknown) responded. The largest group of respondents was aged 40 to 55 years and highly educated. Principal component analysis found that the first dimension was strongly influenced by the IPC-18 subscale of communication (ie, elicited concerns, explained results, and decided together). The second dimension was strongly influenced by interpersonal style (ie, disrespectful office staff). The third and fourth dimensions were strongly influenced by communication (ie, lack of clarity) and interpersonal style (ie, discrimination due to race/ethnicity), respectively. The most important predictors for shared decision-making were communication (ie, chiropractor/intern explained the results of examination findings and elicited the patient’s concerns and took them seriously) and interpersonal style (ie, the patient was treated as an equal). Patient age and presenting symptoms were also important predictors of shared decision-making.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The IPC experience of patients under care was dominantly positive, cooperative, and equitable with their chiropractor/interns and office staff. Factors predictive of shared clinical decision-making included good communication and a positive interpersonal style with the provider.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chiropractic medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 278-292"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Instrument-Assisted Spinal Manipulation, Soft Tissue Mobilization, and Dietary Supplements for the Management of Pain in a Woman With Fibromyalgia: A Case Report","authors":"Adam J. McRoberts DC, MA, MS ,&nbsp;Brett R. Martin DC, MSAc, MPH","doi":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.09.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this case report is to describe a multimodal treatment approach for a middle-aged woman with fibromyalgia (FM).</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Features</h3><div>A 52-year-old woman presented with FM. She did not respond to pharmaceutical interventions. Her condition manifested as focal, bilateral pain in her hands, wrists, lumbar spine, thoracic spine, and cervical spine. She experienced pain 75% to 100% of her day, which was exacerbated by carrying or lifting, changing positions, household chores, lying down, raising her arms above her shoulders, and stress. Due to the severity of her condition, she had poor grip strength and transient tremors in her hands. The pain interfered with her sleep every night.</div></div><div><h3>Intervention and Outcome</h3><div>The treatment strategy involved a multimodal approach using instrument-assisted spinal manipulation to the lumbar, thoracic, and cervical spine, hands and wrists soft tissue massage, and supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids, <em>N</em>-acetylcysteine, <span>l</span>-theanine, and valerian once per day. After treatment, her pain was manageable. She reported improvements in her range of motion in her hands, wrists, and lumbar, thoracic, and cervical spine, and improvements in her hand tremors, grip strength, and sleep quality.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>A female with FM had improvements in her symptoms and quality of life following a multimodal conservative treatment regimen.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chiropractic medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 436-442"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Range of Motion and Muscle Endurance of the Neck in Individuals With Shoulder Pain: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Nícia Farias Braga Maciel PhD ,&nbsp;Sandra Cristina Andrade PhD ,&nbsp;Catarina de Oliveira Sousa PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to compare the range of motion and muscle endurance time of the neck between individuals with and without shoulder pain and to determine whether these variables could identify individuals with shoulder pain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>In this cross-sectional study, 102 individuals were divided into 2 groups: with and without shoulder pain. The range of motion (RoM) of the neck (flexion, extension, lateral flexion, and rotation) and the endurance time of the neck muscles (extensors and lateral flexors) were evaluated bilaterally. One-way and 2-way ANOVA were used to compare groups regarding unilateral and bilateral variables, respectively. ROC curves were developed to verify the ability of variables to discriminate between individuals with and without shoulder pain.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Individuals with shoulder pain had lower RoM for all movements (<em>P</em> &lt; .01 to <em>P</em> = .04) and lower endurance time for all muscle groups (<em>P</em> &lt; .01 to <em>P</em> = .02). Neck flexion and contralateral rotation (area under the curve [AUC] = 0.70 and 0.73, respectively) and endurance time of ipsilateral lateral flexors (AUC = 0.76) presented acceptable discriminative capacity to identify individuals with shoulder pain. Other variables showed small discriminative capacity (AUC = 0.63-0.67), and bilateral lateral flexion RoM did not present discriminative capacity (<em>P</em> &gt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Individuals with shoulder pain had reduced mobility and endurance of the neck. Flexion and contralateral rotation RoM and the endurance of ipsilateral lateral flexors identified those with shoulder pain. Results suggest a regional interdependence between the shoulder and the neck.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chiropractic medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 163-171"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Abdominal Training With Whole-Body Vibration on Erector Spinae Stiffness: A Randomized Trial Using Shear Wave Elastography","authors":"Ryo Miyachi PhD ,&nbsp;Takaaki Nishimura PhD ,&nbsp;Sachiko Madokoro PhD ,&nbsp;Toshiaki Yamazaki PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of 4 weeks of conventional abdominal training and training combined with whole-body vibration (WBV) on erector spinae (ES) stiffness, assessed using ultrasound shear wave elastography.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-four healthy university students were randomly assigned to either a WBV or non-WBV group and performed the same exercise on the floor. The participants held a sit-up position for training, 3 times per week for 4 weeks. The primary outcome was ES stiffness measured using shear wave elastography. Secondary outcomes included pressure pain threshold of the ES, lumbar proprioception, and maximum lumbar flexion angle. Split-plot ANOVA was used to analyze the data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was no significant group × period interaction for ES stiffness. However, the WBV group showed a significant reduction in ES stiffness and an improvement in lumbar proprioception after the intervention. In contrast, the non-WBV group showed a decrease in ES pressure pain threshold.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Abdominal training with WBV reduced ES stiffness and enhanced lumbar proprioception in asymptomatic adults. These findings suggest that WBV may improve trunk muscle properties and sensorimotor function.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chiropractic medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 25-33"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Therapeutic Benefits of Foam Rolling for Clinical Outcomes in Chronic Nonspecific Neck Pain Patients: A Randomized Single-blind Trial","authors":"Pattanasin Areeudomwong PhD,&nbsp;Thongchai Sirivilaisak BPT,&nbsp;Thuncharin Kunsuwannaroj BPT,&nbsp;Janisata Nisakorn BPT,&nbsp;Vitsarut Buttagat PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jcm.2024.11.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcm.2024.11.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to investigate the short-term effects of foam rolling (FR) on the clinical parameters of individuals with chronic nonspecific neck pain (CNNP).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifty-eight CNNP participants were randomly equally allocated into FR and Swedish massage (SM) groups for 2 weeks. Resting pain intensity (RPI), pain pressure threshold (PPT), neck disability index (NDI), neck range of motion (NROM), and global perceived effect (GPE) were measured at baseline, immediately after the first intervention session, at the 2-week intervention visit, and at the 1-week follow-up visit.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There were no significant differences between the FR and SM groups in RPI and patient satisfaction (<em>P</em> &gt; .05), although both groups showed greater improvement in these outcomes over time from baseline (<em>P</em> &lt; .01). There were no significant interactions between time-points and groups, and the main effects of group for PPT, NDI, and NROM (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). However, these outcomes improved significantly from baseline over the follow-up periods judging from the significant main effects of time when the data of both groups were pooled (<em>P</em> &lt; .05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Two weeks of FR treatment reduced resting neck pain, improved NROM and neck disability, and increased patient satisfaction with short-term recovery among young adults with CNNP. Because FR was as effective as massage, people with CNNP may benefit from home-based self-treatments if they are educated by therapists on how to practice FR themselves.</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Trial</h3><div>Thai Clinical Trial Registry (TCTR20230221006) <span><span>https://www.thaiclinicaltrials.org/</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chiropractic medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 34-43"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radiomorphometric Analysis of Trabecular and Cortical Bone of the Mandible in Patients with Behçet Disease","authors":"Sema Kaya PhD,&nbsp;Alaettin Koç DDS, MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.08.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.08.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to analyze the radiomorphometric parameters of trabecular and cortical bone of the mandible in patients with Behçet disease.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study comprised 24 patients diagnosed with Behçet disease, consisting of 16 women and 8 men age and sex matched healthy individuals. The radiomorphometric parameters examined included fractal dimension, mandibular cortical width, and mandibular cortical index.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean fractal dimension values of the all regions were higher in the patients of Behçet disease group in the control group. But there were no significant differences in the mean fractal dimensions of selected regions between the 2 groups, except anterior region (<em>P</em> &lt; .05). There were no significant differences in mandibular cortical width between the 2 groups (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). The mean mandibular cortical width was 4.66 mm in the patients with Behçet disease and 5.23 mm in the control group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients with Behçet disease showed reduced mandibular bone quality, possibly due to malabsorption. This condition is associated with increased cortical bone porosity and a thinner cortex.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chiropractic medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 68-75"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Use of Remote Consultations by Chiropractors in the United Kingdom During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Cross-Sectional Survey","authors":"Marc W. Sanders DC, BSc, MSc ,&nbsp;Jonathan Field DC, MSc, PhD ,&nbsp;Dave Newell PhD ,&nbsp;Neil Osborne DC, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.07.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><div>The purpose of this study was to explore the use of remote consultations (RCs) by chiropractors in the United Kingdom.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>All registered practicing UK chiropractors were invited to participate in an online survey during part of the first UK national lockdown period of the COVID-19 pandemic (May 2020 to June 2020). This survey collected information on 1) chiropractor demographics, 2) use of RCs by chiropractors, and 3) chiropractors’ views of RCs. Descriptive and inferential statistics (chi-squared and Spearman’s Rho) were used to analyze the data.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The response rate was 17.1% (534/3131). A third of respondents (32.5%) had been using RCs (telephone) prior to the pandemic. Two-thirds (67.2%) used RCs during the first lockdown period and included uptake of video consultations (6.6%), phone consultations (30%), or a combination of video and phone (30.7%). A majority (58.6%) responded that they planned to continue RCs after practice restrictions were lifted. Under half (47.8%) gave their opinion that RCs would not be as effective as face-to-face care, a similar proportion (50.1%) stated they were engaging their patients with active care more than typical. Only around a half of the respondents (52.5%) were confident in carrying out RCs.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>This survey provides preliminary data on RCs delivered by UK chiropractors - a traditionally ‘hands-on’ profession. Both telephone and video RCs increased during the first UK national lockdown but confidence in carrying out RCs and impressions of their effectiveness was mixed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chiropractic medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 106-118"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physical Fatigue Assessment, Linguistic Adaptation, and Validation of Fatigue Severity Scale among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Population","authors":"Monica Shree Murugan MPT ,&nbsp;Ramesh Kumar Jeyaraman PhD ,&nbsp;Naveen Kumar Inbaraj MPT","doi":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.09.028","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.09.028","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The objective of this study was to conduct a cross-cultural adaptation of the Fatigue Severity Scale (FSS) from English to Kannada and to evaluate the content validity and reliability of the Kannada version among individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was conducted in 2 phases. In phase 1, the original English version of the FSS was translated into Kannada using the forward–backward translation method to maintain conceptual equivalence. The preliminary Kannada version was reviewed by 5 healthcare professionals for clarity, cultural relevance, and content comprehensiveness. In phase 2, the final Kannada version (FSS-K) was administered to 80 individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus, aged between 30 and 70 years, all with a disease duration of more than 10 years. Descriptive statistics were used to summarize demographic details. Internal consistency of the FSS-K was evaluated using Cronbach’s alpha. Test-retest reliability was assessed using the Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC), and inter-item correlation was determined using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. One-way ANOVA was conducted to compare FSS scores across different subgroups, including gender, age, sleep duration, and clinical conditions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The internal consistency of the Kannada version was high, with a Cronbach’s alpha of 0.952. The test-retest reliability showed excellent agreement with an ICC of 0.999. A strong correlation was observed between pre-test and post-test scores of the Kannada FSS, indicating robust reliability.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study showed that the Kannada version of the Fatigue Severity Scale is a valid and reliable tool for assessing fatigue in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chiropractic medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 293-299"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chiropractic Referral for Computed-Tomography Angiography to Rule Out Vertebral Artery Dissection: A Case Report","authors":"Steven P. Brown DC ,&nbsp;James J. Lehman DC","doi":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.09.025","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.09.025","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This paper describes a case of chiropractic referral to medical emergency services for computed-tomography angiography (CTA) imaging to rule out vertebral artery dissection (VAD).</div></div><div><h3>Clinical Features</h3><div>A 50-year-old female presented to a chiropractic physician with an idiopathic onset of neck pain, headache, nausea, and dizziness. Differential diagnosis included VAD, internal carotid artery dissection (ICAD), as well as cerebral aneurysm or other intracranial abnormality. Due to symptoms of potential VAD, the patient was referred to medical emergency services for CTA imaging to rule out VAD. CTA revealed a possible posterior communicating artery (PCom) aneurysm vs. infundibulum, and left C3-C4 facet arthropathy. No VAD was noted.</div></div><div><h3>Intervention/Outcome</h3><div>The patient was referred to a neurosurgeon who concluded the patient’s abnormality was an incidental finding of infundibulum, not an aneurysm. The patient was referred to physical therapy for treatment of the C3-C4 facet arthropathy, which resolved her symptoms.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This case report highlights the role of chiropractors in interdisciplinary care by referring suspected non-neuromusculoskeletal conditions to medical emergency services for advanced imaging to ensure patient safety.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chiropractic medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 459-463"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visual Assessment of Movement Impairment During Walking in Subjects With Tibiofemoral Rotation Syndrome: A Concurrent Validity Study","authors":"Mehrnaz Kajbafvala PhD ,&nbsp;Ismail Ebrahimi Takamjani PhD ,&nbsp;Reza Salehi PhD ,&nbsp;Abbas Farjad Pezeshk PhD ,&nbsp;Fahimeh Firoozeh MSc ,&nbsp;Shahab Asgari MSc ,&nbsp;Abbas Tabatabaei PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.08.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.jcm.2025.08.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the validity of visual assessment in diagnosing lower extremity impairments during level walking.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-eight subjects (17 women, 11 men) with tibiofemoral rotation syndrome (TFRS) were examined using visual assessment as the index test and 3-dimensional (3D) motion analysis as the reference test. Both knee joint movements and the index and reference tests were evaluated simultaneously.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The sensitivity and specificity of visual assessment for detecting movement impairments were Se: 98% and Sp: 16.7%, respectively. The positive and negative predictive values were PPV: 81.5% and NPV: 50%, respectively. The positive and negative likelihood ratios were PLR: 1.18 and NLR: 0.12.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The results demonstrate excellent validity of visual assessment for identifying movement impairments in subjects with TFRS during level walking. However, this test's validity for detecting the absence of movement impairments in subjects without TFRS was poor.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":94328,"journal":{"name":"Journal of chiropractic medicine","volume":"24 1","pages":"Pages 76-83"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145694893","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}