Advances in cancer research最新文献_第8页

Medulloblastoma chapter - past perspectives and future directions. 成神经管细胞瘤chapter -过去的观点和未来的方向。

Advances in cancer research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2025.09.001

Dinisha Govender, Bernardo Assumpcao de Monaco, Girish Dhall, Eric M Thompson

{"title":"Medulloblastoma chapter - past perspectives and future directions.","authors":"Dinisha Govender, Bernardo Assumpcao de Monaco, Girish Dhall, Eric M Thompson","doi":"10.1016/bs.acr.2025.09.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.acr.2025.09.001","url":null,"abstract":"Medulloblastoma, once considered a uniform entity, is now accepted as a complex and heterogeneous group of tumors requiring a nuanced and multidisciplinary approach to diagnosis and treatment. The now four recognized primary subgroups have distinct genetic, epigenetic, and clinical characteristics that influence prognosis and treatment responses necessitating subgroup-specific strategies. Advances in diagnostics and risk stratification, largely driven by a deeper understanding in tumor biology, has led to an overall improvement in survival (>70 %), through risk-adapted treatment strategies. Contemporary clinical approaches incorporate a multimodality treatment strategy, integrating surgery, radiotherapy and intensive chemotherapy, each of which is associated with significant short- and long-term morbidity. Novel targeted therapeutics continue to be developed, investigated and explored in vitro, in vivo and through clinical trial design, particularly in the high risk and relapsed settings. As the therapeutic landscape continues to evolve, combining conventional therapies with these approaches holds promise to improve clinical outcomes. These innovations and developments expanding all disciplines aim to continue to provide precision-based care and enhance survival outcomes across all subgroups whilst mitigating the significant long-term burden of treatment-related sequelae disproportionately experienced by medulloblastoma survivors.","PeriodicalId":94294,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer research","volume":"167 ","pages":"141-184"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145461254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Three decades of radiotherapy advancements for pediatric ependymoma. 小儿室管膜瘤放射治疗的三十年进展。

Advances in cancer research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-11 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2025.09.003

Thomas E Merchant, Vijay Ramaswamy, Jeffrey Leonard

{"title":"Three decades of radiotherapy advancements for pediatric ependymoma.","authors":"Thomas E Merchant, Vijay Ramaswamy, Jeffrey Leonard","doi":"10.1016/bs.acr.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.acr.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 30 years, advancements in radiotherapy have transformed the treatment of pediatric ependymoma, improving tumor control and reducing treatment-related complications. Early protocols, such as RT1 and ACNS0121, demonstrated the efficacy of immediate post-operative radiotherapy, particularly for children as young as 12 months, setting benchmarks for modern treatment strategies. The introduction of conformal photon therapy revolutionized tumor targeting by minimizing radiation exposure to surrounding normal tissues, while proton therapy has emerged as the preferred modality in developed countries due to its superior normal tissue-sparing properties. Despite these advances, long-term comparative data between photon and proton therapy remains limited. Critical factors in radiotherapy planning include tumor location, patient age, molecular features, and the potential for neuraxis dissemination. Advances in imaging, such as high-resolution MRI and emerging molecular staging techniques, have enhanced precision in treatment planning and risk stratification. However, challenges persist for patients with residual or recurrent disease. Reirradiation has emerged as a promising option for relapse, demonstrating high rates of tumor control and low risks of complications when combined with timely surgical intervention and multidisciplinary care. This chapter highlights the importance of leveraging data from three separate clinical trials to refine treatment strategies and address cognitive outcomes, which have been identified as a major area of clinical importance and research. Future trials are expected to explore molecular risk stratification and the integration of systemic therapies alongside radiotherapy to optimize outcomes, ensuring continued progress in the care of children with ependymoma.","PeriodicalId":94294,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer research","volume":"167 ","pages":"81-101"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145460907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Radiation therapy for cerebral metastases: Non-stereotactic treatment options. 脑转移瘤的放射治疗：非立体定向治疗选择。

Advances in cancer research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-21 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2025.04.008

John G Roubil, Timothy J Harris

引用次数: 0

Translational advancement of immunotherapeutics against pediatric central nervous system tumors. 儿童中枢神经系统肿瘤免疫疗法的转化研究进展。

Advances in cancer research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-15 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2025.08.003

Christina H Fong, Shoba A Navai, Aaron J Goldberg, Tom B Davidson, Elias J Sayour, Marta M Alonso, Nicholas A Vitanza

{"title":"Translational advancement of immunotherapeutics against pediatric central nervous system tumors.","authors":"Christina H Fong, Shoba A Navai, Aaron J Goldberg, Tom B Davidson, Elias J Sayour, Marta M Alonso, Nicholas A Vitanza","doi":"10.1016/bs.acr.2025.08.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.acr.2025.08.003","url":null,"abstract":"Pediatric central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the most common solid tumors in children and remain the leading cause of death amongst childhood cancer patients. Despite the intensity of standard cytotoxic regimens, many patients with high-grade tumors still experience relapse, at which time they have limited curative options. Even the survivors of childhood CNS tumors are often left with lifelong complications that negatively impact their quality of life. Immunotherapy holds the promise of tailored therapies that can improve outcomes and inflict fewer side effects. Early successes across against leukemia and some solid tumors have supported this promise, but this is only the infancy of targeted immunotherapies against pediatric CNS tumors. While this is a new, blossoming field, a robust and coordinated preclinical environment has spurred a spectrum of innovative clinical trials that serve as the ground floor for these new technologies. Here, we will review the current state of cellular therapy, immune checkpoint inhibition, cancer vaccines, and oncolytic viral therapy for children with CNS tumors.","PeriodicalId":94294,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer research","volume":"167 ","pages":"327-358"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145460934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-germinomatous germ cell tumors of the CNS: Classification, diagnosis, and treatment. 中枢神经系统非生发性生殖细胞瘤：分类、诊断和治疗。

Advances in cancer research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-10 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2025.08.005

Hirokazu Takami, Kaishi Satomi, Anthony Pak Yin Liu, Mohamed S Abdelbaki

{"title":"Non-germinomatous germ cell tumors of the CNS: Classification, diagnosis, and treatment.","authors":"Hirokazu Takami, Kaishi Satomi, Anthony Pak Yin Liu, Mohamed S Abdelbaki","doi":"10.1016/bs.acr.2025.08.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.acr.2025.08.005","url":null,"abstract":"Non-germinomatous germ cell tumors (NGGCTs) are rare, histologically diverse malignancies that primarily affect children and adolescents. Unlike germinomas, NGGCTs are less responsive to chemotherapy and radiation, resulting in a less favorable prognosis and necessitating intensified multimodal therapy. This chapter provides a comprehensive overview of NGGCTs, including histological subtypes, clinical presentation, diagnostic strategies, and established as well as emerging treatment paradigms. We discuss current classification systems, the roles of tumor markers and neuroimaging, and challenges in histopathologic diagnosis. Treatment approaches vary globally but typically include intensive chemotherapy combined with craniospinal or whole-ventricular irradiation. Long-term outcomes remain suboptimal for high-risk subtypes, especially those with yolk sac tumor, choriocarcinoma or embryonal carcinoma components. Recent genomic and epigenomic studies have revealed recurrent alterations in the RTK/MAPK and PI3K/mTOR pathways, along with distinctive methylation signatures and copy number aberrations, offering insights into tumorigenesis and potential therapeutic targets. Ongoing trials continue to focus on refining risk stratification and minimizing treatment-related toxicities. These efforts, along with advances in molecular characterization, may ultimately improve survival and long-term quality of life in patients with CNS NGGCTs.","PeriodicalId":94294,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer research","volume":"167 ","pages":"303-326"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145459845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intraoperative imaging techniques to improve tumor detection in the surgical management of gliomas. 术中影像技术提高胶质瘤手术治疗中的肿瘤检测。

Advances in cancer research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-05-23 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2025.05.001

David Bailey, Brad E Zacharia

引用次数: 0

PROTACS- targeted protein degradation as a path to precision cancer therapeutics. 靶向蛋白质降解作为精确癌症治疗的途径。

Advances in cancer research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2025.08.001

Hannah R Gatley, Paul B Fisher, Swadesh K Das

引用次数: 0

Radiotherapeutic approaches in the treatment of adult gliomas. 成人胶质瘤的放射治疗方法。

Advances in cancer research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2025.05.007

John G Roubil, Timothy J Harris

引用次数: 0

Tumor-specific biology, diagnosis, and therapy. 肿瘤特异性生物学、诊断和治疗。

Advances in cancer research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2025.09.002

Julian S Rechberger, Alexis L Price, Liang Zhang, Nalin Gupta, David J Daniels

{"title":"Tumor-specific biology, diagnosis, and therapy.","authors":"Julian S Rechberger, Alexis L Price, Liang Zhang, Nalin Gupta, David J Daniels","doi":"10.1016/bs.acr.2025.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.acr.2025.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"Pediatric high-grade gliomas (pHGGs) and diffuse midline gliomas (DMGs) represent some of the most aggressive and lethal childhood brain tumors. Recent molecular and epigenetic discoveries have redefined these entities as distinct from adult gliomas, with hallmark alterations such as H3K27M and H3G34R/V mutation driving unique biological behaviors. Advances in genomic, epigenomic, and transcriptomic profiling have enabled refined diagnostic classifications, improved our understanding of tumor heterogeneity, and revealed novel therapeutic targets. Despite these insights, standard of care approaches-primarily radiotherapy-remain palliative and conventional chemotherapy has shown limited efficacy. Emerging strategies, including targeted molecular therapies, immunotherapies, and innovative drug delivery techniques, offer promise but face significant challenges related to blood-brain barrier integrity, immune evasion, and intratumoral heterogeneity. Integration of DNA methylation profiling, enhancer landscape analysis, and liquid biopsy technologies are transforming diagnostic and monitoring capabilities. Future progress will depend on interdisciplinary collaboration, the development of predictive preclinical models, multi-omic integration, and adaptive clinical trial designs. Ultimately, tackling the biological complexity of pHGGs and DMGs through personalized, molecularly targeted approaches offers the best hope for improving outcomes in this devastating disease group.","PeriodicalId":94294,"journal":{"name":"Advances in cancer research","volume":"167 ","pages":"37-79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145460919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Emerging interventional treatments in the management of pediatric brain tumors. 新兴介入治疗在小儿脑肿瘤治疗中的应用。

Advances in cancer research Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-10-16 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acr.2025.09.004

Margaret Shatara, Winson S Ho, Jarod L Roland, David D Limbrick

引用次数: 0