Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA最新文献_第10页

Back matter 背景材料

Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA Pub Date : 2015-12-01

引用次数: 0

Combination versus sequential monotherapy in chronic HBV infection: a mathematical approach 慢性HBV感染的联合与序贯单药治疗:一种数学方法

Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/imammb/dqu022

Daniela Bertacchi;Fabio Zucca;Sergio Foresti;Davide Mangioni;Andrea Gori

{"title":"Combination versus sequential monotherapy in chronic HBV infection: a mathematical approach","authors":"Daniela Bertacchi;Fabio Zucca;Sergio Foresti;Davide Mangioni;Andrea Gori","doi":"10.1093/imammb/dqu022","DOIUrl":"10.1093/imammb/dqu022","url":null,"abstract":"Sequential monotherapy is the most widely used therapeutic approach in the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) chronic infection. Unfortunately, under therapy, in some patients the hepatitis virus mutates and gives rise to variants which are drug resistant. We wonder whether those patients would have benefited from the choice of combination therapy instead of sequential monotherapy. To study the action of these two therapeutic approaches and to explain the emergence of drug resistance, we propose a stochastic model for the infection within a patient who is treated with two drugs, either sequentially or contemporaneously, and who, under the first kind of therapy develops a strain of the virus which is resistant to both drugs. Our stochastic model has a deterministic approximation which is a slight modification of a classic three-strain model. We discuss why stochastic simulations are more suitable than the study of the deterministic approximation, when modelling the rise of mutations (this is mainly due to the amplitude of the stochastic fluctuations). We run stochastic simulations with suitable parameters and compare the time when, under the two therapeutic approaches, the resistant strain first reaches detectability in the serum viral load. Our results show that the best choice is to start an early combination therapy, which allows one to stay drug resistance free for a longer time and in many cases leads to viral eradication.","PeriodicalId":94130,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA","volume":"32 4","pages":"383-403"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/imammb/dqu022","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32815605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

A new relation between prevalence and incidence of a chronic disease 一种慢性病患病率与发病率的新关系

Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/imammb/dqu024

Ralph Brinks;Sandra Landwehr

引用次数: 44

Astrocytic tracer dynamics estimated from [1-11C]-acetate PET measurements 星形胶质细胞示踪剂动力学估计从[1-11C]-醋酸PET测量

Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA Pub Date : 2015-12-01 DOI: 10.1093/imammb/dqu021

Andrea Arnold;Daniela Calvetti;Albert Gjedde;Peter Iversen;Erkki Somersalo

{"title":"Astrocytic tracer dynamics estimated from [1-11C]-acetate PET measurements","authors":"Andrea Arnold;Daniela Calvetti;Albert Gjedde;Peter Iversen;Erkki Somersalo","doi":"10.1093/imammb/dqu021","DOIUrl":"10.1093/imammb/dqu021","url":null,"abstract":"We address the problem of estimating the unknown parameters of a model of tracer kinetics from sequences of positron emission tomography (PET) scan data using a statistical sequential algorithm for the inference of magnitudes of dynamic parameters. The method, based on Bayesian statistical inference, is a modification of a recently proposed particle filtering and sequential Monte Carlo algorithm, where instead of preassigning the accuracy in the propagation of each particle, we fix the time step and account for the numerical errors in the innovation term. We apply the algorithm to PET images of [1-\u0000<tex>$^{11}$</tex>\u0000C]-acetate-derived tracer accumulation, estimating the transport rates in a three-compartment model of astrocytic uptake and metabolism of the tracer for a cohort of 18 volunteers from 3 groups, corresponding to healthy control individuals, cirrhotic liver and hepatic encephalopathy patients. The distribution of the parameters for the individuals and for the groups presented within the Bayesian framework support the hypothesis that the parameters for the hepatic encephalopathy group follow a significantly different distribution than the other two groups. The biological implications of the findings are also discussed.","PeriodicalId":94130,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA","volume":"32 4","pages":"367-382"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/imammb/dqu021","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32837462","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Front matter 前页

Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA Pub Date : 2015-12-01

引用次数: 0

Cover Page 封面页

Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA Pub Date : 2015-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/imammb/dqv032

引用次数: 0

Modelling the interaction between the host immune response, bacterial dynamics and inflammatory damage in comparison with immunomodulation and vaccination experiments 模拟宿主免疫反应、细菌动力学和炎症损伤之间的相互作用，与免疫调节和疫苗接种实验进行比较

Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA Pub Date : 2015-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/imammb/dqu008

Angela M. Jarrett;N.G. Cogan;M.E. Shirtliff

{"title":"Modelling the interaction between the host immune response, bacterial dynamics and inflammatory damage in comparison with immunomodulation and vaccination experiments","authors":"Angela M. Jarrett;N.G. Cogan;M.E. Shirtliff","doi":"10.1093/imammb/dqu008","DOIUrl":"10.1093/imammb/dqu008","url":null,"abstract":"The immune system is a complex system of chemical and cellular interactions that responds quickly to queues that signal infection and then reverts to a basal level once the challenge is eliminated. Here, we present a general, four-component model of the immune system's response to a Staphylococcal aureus (S. aureus) infection, using ordinary differential equations. To incorporate both the infection and the immune system, we adopt the style of compartmenting the system to include bacterial dynamics, damage and inflammation to the host, and the host response. We incorporate interactions not previously represented including cross-talk between inflammation/damage and the infection and the suppression of the anti-inflammatory pathway in response to inflammation/damage. As a result, the most relevant equilibrium of the system, representing the health state, is an all-positive basal level. The model is able to capture eight different experimental outcomes for mice challenged with intratibial osteomyelitis due to S. aureus, primarily involving immunomodulation and vaccine therapies. For further validation and parameter exploration, we perform a parameter sensitivity analysis which suggests that the model is very stable with respect to variations in parameters, indicates potential immunomodulation strategies and provides a possible explanation for the difference in immune potential for different mouse strains.","PeriodicalId":94130,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA","volume":"32 3","pages":"285-306"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/imammb/dqu008","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32330237","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 17

Combined therapies of antithrombotics and antioxidants delay in silico brain tumour progression 抗血栓和抗氧化剂联合治疗延缓脑肿瘤进展

Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA Pub Date : 2015-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/imammb/dqu002

Alicia Martínez-González;Mario Durán-Prado;Gabriel F. Calvo;Francisco J. Alcaín;Luis A. Pérez-Romasanta;Victor M. Pérez-García

{"title":"Combined therapies of antithrombotics and antioxidants delay in silico brain tumour progression","authors":"Alicia Martínez-González;Mario Durán-Prado;Gabriel F. Calvo;Francisco J. Alcaín;Luis A. Pérez-Romasanta;Victor M. Pérez-García","doi":"10.1093/imammb/dqu002","DOIUrl":"10.1093/imammb/dqu002","url":null,"abstract":"Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), the most frequent type of primary brain tumour, is a rapidly evolving and spatially heterogeneous high-grade astrocytoma that presents areas of necrosis, hypercellularity and microvascular hyperplasia. The aberrant vasculature leads to hypoxic areas and results in an increase in oxidative stress, selecting for more invasive tumour cell phenotypes. In our study, we assay in silico different therapeutic approaches which combine antithrombotics (ATs), antioxidants and standard radiotherapy (RT). To do so, we have developed a biocomputational model of GBM that incorporates the spatio-temporal interplay among two glioma cell phenotypes corresponding to oxygenated and hypoxic cells, a necrotic core and the local vasculature whose response evolves with tumour progression. Our numerical simulations predict that suitable combinations of ATs and antioxidants may diminish, in a synergistic way, oxidative stress and the subsequent hypoxic response. This novel therapeutical strategy, with potentially low or no toxicity, might reduce tumour invasion and further sensitize GBM to conventional RT or other cytotoxic agents, hopefully increasing median patient overall survival time.","PeriodicalId":94130,"journal":{"name":"Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA","volume":"32 3","pages":"239-262"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/imammb/dqu002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"32146976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 27

Contents Page 内容页面

Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA Pub Date : 2015-09-01 DOI: 10.1093/imammb/dqv035

引用次数: 0

Front matter 前页

Mathematical medicine and biology : a journal of the IMA Pub Date : 2015-09-01

引用次数: 0