{"title":"Surgical Management of Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors.","authors":"Heather Townsend","doi":"10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.6.7","DOIUrl":"10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.6.7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) are considered rare, but they are one of the most common malignant mesenchymal tumors within the gastrointestinal tract, affecting 4,000 to 6,000 adults in the United States each year. Because gastrointestinal bleeding is often the initial symptom, a thorough and timely diagnostic workup is imperative to accurately diagnose a potentially deadly tumor. Endoscopic ultrasound is helpful when working through a differential diagnosis of subepithelial lesions and can help identify which mucosal layer the lesion originates from, as well as the density of the lesion; however, surgical resection is the standard of care for the treatment of a resectable nonmetastatic GIST. For recurrent GISTs, metastatic disease, or GISTs not amendable to resection, tyrosine kinase inhibitors are frequently used, with imatinib being used in the first-line setting. A multimodal treatment approach is often necessary to increase the chances of a permanent cure.</p>","PeriodicalId":94110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology","volume":"14 6","pages":"541-547"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/59/02/jadpro-14-541.PMC10558015.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41158775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tracy Lowe, Jane Deluca, Ludovico Abenavoli, Luigi Boccuto
{"title":"Pancreatic Cancer and the Family Connection: The Role of Advanced Practitioners in Screening and Educating Genetically At-Risk Individuals.","authors":"Tracy Lowe, Jane Deluca, Ludovico Abenavoli, Luigi Boccuto","doi":"10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.6.6","DOIUrl":"10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.6.6","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pancreatic cancer is the third leading cause of cancer deaths in the United States. It has a 95% mortality rate within 5 years of the initial diagnosis. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma is the most commonly diagnosed histotype. The average age at diagnosis is 70 years. Familial forms of pancreatic cancer have been associated with pathogenic variants in predisposing genes, including <i>ATM, BRCA1, BRCA2, PALB2, CDKN2A, STK11, MLH1</i>, and <i>MSH2</i>. Collecting information on the patient's family history may serve as a primary tool to screen an individual's risk for familial pancreatic cancer. More advanced screening options for individuals at risk include endoscopic ultrasonography, magnetic resonance imaging, and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography. Due to pancreatic cancer's high mortality rate, routine screening of individuals at risk for developing familial pancreatic cancer may result in early diagnosis and improved survivability. This review aims to characterize the genetic risk factors associated with pancreatic cancer and recognize available screening options for at-risk individuals.</p>","PeriodicalId":94110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology","volume":"14 6","pages":"533-539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/56/3b/jadpro-14-533.PMC10558018.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41172436","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Ekaterina Kachur, Jai N Patel, Allison L Morse, Donald C Moore, Justin R Arnall
{"title":"Post-Transplant Cyclophosphamide for the Prevention of Graft-vs.-Host Disease in Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation: A Guide to Management for the Advanced Practitioner.","authors":"Ekaterina Kachur, Jai N Patel, Allison L Morse, Donald C Moore, Justin R Arnall","doi":"10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.6.5","DOIUrl":"10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.6.5","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cyclophosphamide remains a critical component to haploidentical transplant conditioning regimens. Post-transplant cyclophosphamide (PTCy) emerged as an effective component of graft-vs.-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis in the nonmyeloablative haploidentical bone marrow transplant setting. The relative ease of administration compared with ex vivo manipulations and efficacy in reducing GVHD has led to increasing PTCy use in transplant centers around the world. The role of PTCy has expanded to haploidentical transplantation with myeloablative conditioning regimens and peripheral blood progenitor cells as the donor source. Moreover, encouraging results in GVHD management have been shown with the use of PTCy alone or in combination with other immunosuppressives in the human leukocyte antigen-matched donor setting. The toxicity profile of cyclophosphamide varies extensively depending on dose, duration, overall drug exposure, and, potentially, pharmacogenetics. This review highlights the pharmacology, pharmacokinetics, and toxic effects of cyclophosphamide and offers practical guidance for clinical application in the post-transplant setting. We summarize data on the management of high-dose cyclophosphamide toxicities and provide insights into the pharmacogenetic implications on drug efficacy and safety data.</p>","PeriodicalId":94110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology","volume":"14 6","pages":"520-532"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/e6/40/jadpro-14-520.PMC10558021.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41175071","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"'My Choices, My Wishes' Program and Its Effect on Chemotherapy at the End of Life and Advance Care Directive Documentation.","authors":"Jessica Tamar Davis","doi":"10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.6.3","DOIUrl":"10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.6.3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Oncology patients have tremendous symptom burden both physically and emotionally. Palliative care (PC) improves quality of life and prevents suffering. Advance care planning (ACP) empowers patients to articulate goals of their care. New guidelines call for palliative care to be provided and chemotherapy avoided the last 2 weeks of life. The American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO) recommends integrating palliative care within the oncology setting to achieve these outcomes. However, the best mode to provide this care remains unclear. A nurse practitioner/physician assistant (NP/PA)-based model from within the oncology clinic is a potential option.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A program evaluation was done to determine the effectiveness of the \"My Choices, My Wishes\" NP/PA-led program.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>From 2012 to 2018, the number of patients receiving PC/ACP visits increased from 2.6% to 19.4%. The percentage of patients receiving chemotherapy in the last 14 days of life decreased from 12.5% to 7.14%. The number of advance care directives completed increased from 17.5% to 37.5%.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This program was an effective way to provide PC/ACP for oncology patients. We still need to understand why patients pursue chemotherapy at the end of life. It is necessary to improve our communication techniques with patients and families in order to guarantee high-quality, high-value care.</p>","PeriodicalId":94110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology","volume":"14 6","pages":"489-497"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/6b/d1/jadpro-14-489.PMC10558017.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41163614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Precautions for Patients Taking Tamoxifen or Aromatase Inhibitors.","authors":"Mary Heery","doi":"10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.6.2","DOIUrl":"10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.6.2","url":null,"abstract":"Tamoxifen and aromatase inhibitors are widely prescribed therapies for the treatment of breast cancer. Tamoxifen is a selective estrogen receptor modulator that treats hormone-sensitive breast cancers. Research has demonstrated that tamoxifen therapy improves survival and reduces the risk of developing recurrent invasive breast cancer by up to 40%. Aromatase inhibitors are the drug of choice for the treatment of estrogen receptor– or progesterone receptor–positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Research on aromatase inhibitors has demonstrated improved survival in postmenopausal women, postmenopausal women with metastasis, and premenopausal women under the age of 35 with ovarian ablation. The benefits of these agents have been clearly shown through various clinical trials, yet adherence may be challenging for some patients due to issues of drug interactions, proper education, and adverse effects. Education to prevent and treat adverse effects is of the utmost importance to promote adherence and improve the effectiveness of these medications. Advanced practitioners are in a position to prescribe these therapies, review medication interactions, educate patients, impact patients’ quality of life, improve patients’ sense of control, and increase patients’ partnerships with their oncology providers.","PeriodicalId":94110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology","volume":"14 6","pages":"478-482"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/ca/ef/jadpro-14-478.PMC10558019.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41173389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Importance of Endpoints in Oncology Clinical Trials.","authors":"Beth Faiman","doi":"10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.6.1","DOIUrl":"10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.6.1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":94110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology","volume":"14 6","pages":"466-467"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/af/1e/jadpro-14-466.PMC10558020.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41144017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical Posters From JADPRO Live 2022","authors":"L. Kiley","doi":"10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.1.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6004/jadpro.2023.14.1.10","url":null,"abstract":"OCTOBER 20 TO 23, 2022, IN AURORA, COLORADO The posters for the abstracts below can be found at JADPROLive.com","PeriodicalId":94110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology","volume":"14 1","pages":"1 - 28"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46447752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Introduction","authors":"Beth Faiman, PhD, MSN, APRN-BC, AOCN®, BMTCN, FAAN, Tiffany Richards, PhD, ANP-BC, AOCNP","doi":"10.6004/jadpro.2022.13.5.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6004/jadpro.2022.13.5.9","url":null,"abstract":"Advances in the diagnosis and management of multiple myeloma (MM) and other plasma cell disorders such as AL amyloidosis and Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) continue to evolve rapidly. Over the past several years, there have been significant gains in understanding disease biology, leading to improvements in diagnostic techniques, a shift towards targeted therapies, and a potential transition away from traditional chemotherapeutic agents as the standard of care.","PeriodicalId":94110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44179703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Pull Up a Seat: Engaging Patients as Empowered Partners in Health Equity Transformation","authors":"Maimah Karmo, A. Pierre","doi":"10.6004/jadpro.2022.13.3.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6004/jadpro.2022.13.3.3","url":null,"abstract":"At the JADPRO Live Virtual 2021 keynote interview, Maimah Karmo, CEO and Founder of the Tigerlily Foundation, spoke with Amy Pierre, MSN, ANP-BC, on her breast cancer experience and drive to establish an organization that educates, advocates for, and empowers young women of color at every stage of their breast cancer journey. Ms. Karmo and Ms. Pierre also discussed the role of the advanced practitioner in furthering patient-centered, equitable care.","PeriodicalId":94110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology","volume":"13 1","pages":"202 - 204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44651275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Mental Health in the Oncology Setting: General Considerations and Treatment Tips.","authors":"Lisa W Goldstone","doi":"10.6004/jadpro.2022.13.3.12","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.6004/jadpro.2022.13.3.12","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Patients with comorbid mental health and substance use disorders are at greater risk for mortality and have higher cancer care costs. At JADPRO Live Virtual 2021, Lisa W. Goldstone, MS, PharmD, BCPS, BCPP, talked through general considerations in the oncology setting for persons with comorbid mental health or substance use disorders, strategies for recognizing when patients with new or preexisting mental health symptoms or disorders may benefit from treatment and/or referral, and first and second-line pharmacotherapy options.</p>","PeriodicalId":94110,"journal":{"name":"Journal of the advanced practitioner in oncology","volume":"13 3","pages":"243-246"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9126327/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"71490604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}