Cancer Nanotechnology最新文献

{"title":"Sodium new houttuyfonate and doxorubicin co-loaded liposomes for the treatment of cervical cancer","authors":"Zhuangli Zhang, Jiayi Chen, Wu Yj, Y W Zhao, Yi-Xiang Wang, Mengxu Pan, Liu Adan, Yarong Wang, J R Li, Xiuxia Wang, Na Li, Yi-Xiang Wang, Xinyu Kang, Yue Tang, Yaoxin Wang, Youmei Peng","doi":"10.1186/s12645-026-00398-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12645-026-00398-7","url":null,"abstract":"Doxorubicin (DOX) has been used in the treatment of various malignant tumors, including cervical cancer. However, the application of DOX is seriously hampered by the side effects, especially the cardiotoxicity, hepatotoxicity and nephrotoxicity. Sodium new houttuyfonate (SNH), a structurally modified derivative of Houttuynia cordata Thunb ., possesses anti-tumor and anti-inflammatory activity. This study designed an SNH and DOX co-loaded liposome (SNH@DOX Lipos) to deliver the two drugs within tumor cells and reduce DOX induced systemic toxicity. The results indicated that SNH@DOX Lipos had an average size of 136.1 ± 2.24 nm with a PDI of 0.236 ± 0.03. The encapsulation efficiency of either SNH or DOX was more than 80%. Further study clarified that preferential release of SNH@DOX Lipos contributed to facilitating greater accumulation of drugs within the tumors. The combination of free SNH and DOX exerted a synergistic anti-cervical cancer effect. Moreover, SNH@DOX Lipos enhanced anti-cervical cancer efficacy and induced cell apoptosis via the TNF-α/RIP1/NF-κB signaling pathway. Also, SNH@DOX Lipos decreased the secretion of IL-6 and TNF-α in heart tissue and the serum ALT, AST and BUN levels, reducing systemic toxicity caused by DOX. Therefore, SNH@DOX Lipos may have promising prospects for the treatment of cervical cancer.","PeriodicalId":9408,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Nanotechnology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-06-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148394573","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anti-glioma efficacy of Quercetin-Iron nanodots with peroxidase-mimicking activity and photothermal conversion capability","authors":"Min Chen, Ruixue Wang, Yang Qiao, Haojie Li, Sheng Cheng, Xingliang Dai, Peng Gao, Zhengjiang Zha","doi":"10.1186/s12645-026-00363-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12645-026-00363-4","url":null,"abstract":"Glioma remains one of the most aggressive brain tumors, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies. Quercetin (Que), a natural polyphenolic flavonoid, has shown potential in cancer treatment. It can form iron-based nanodots (Que-Fe) that exhibit peroxidase (POD)-mimicking activity. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize Que-Fe nanodots, evaluate their photothermal conversion capabilities, and assess their anti-tumor efficacy both in vitro and in vivo. Que-Fe was synthesized through the coordination of Que with iron ions, yielding nanodots approximately 10 nm in diameter, confirmed by transmission electron microscopy and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The nanodots demonstrated significant POD-like activity in the presence of hydrogen peroxide. Photothermal experiments revealed that Que-Fe effectively converted near-infrared light into heat, achieving temperatures above 62 °C, indicating its potential as a photothermal agent. In vitro studies showed that Que-Fe exhibited concentration-dependent cytotoxicity against C6 glioma cells, with enhanced effects when combined with NIR irradiation. Transcriptomic analysis revealed that Que-Fe treatment upregulated genes associated with ferroptosis and oxidative stress, suggesting a multifaceted mechanism of action. In vivo experiments using a BALB/c nude mouse model demonstrated that Que-Fe, particularly in combination with NIR, significantly inhibited tumor growth and induced apoptosis without notable toxicity. Overall, these findings suggest that Que-Fe is a promising candidate for glioma therapy, leveraging its photothermal properties and inducing ferroptosis to enhance anti-tumor efficacy.","PeriodicalId":9408,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Nanotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2026-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147912547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quercetin-Fe nanodots inhibit cervical cancer cell proliferation by targeting PCNA.","authors":"Youwei Zhou, Sheng Cheng, Lei Shu, Wenzhu He, Ying Chen, Yan Wang, Xuqing Li, Zhaolian Wei","doi":"10.1186/s12645-025-00353-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12645-025-00353-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The targets and active components that affect the prognosis of cervical cancer remain unclear.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Three microarray datasets were collected for differentially expressed genes (DEGs) screening. The pathway, function, protein interaction and prognosis were analysed. The active components, related targets, the active ingredient-target gene network were conducted. The protein expression of the hub gene was validated through immunohistochemistry and Nanodrugs Que-Fe NDs were prepared and validated by in vitro cellular functionalization experiment.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>162 upregulated and 145 downregulated DEGs were screened out, including 10 hub genes, which were mainly clustered in DNA replication, cell division, proliferation, and cycle. The results of active ingredient-target gene network showed that the traditional Chinese medicine quercetin has the potential therapeutic effect on cervical cancer via targeting PCNA. Experiments focused on cellular functionalization demonstrated that the synthesized Que-Fe nanodots (NDs) were capable of decreasing the levels of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) expression and suppressing the in vitro proliferation of HeLa cells.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The growth of cervical cancer HeLa cells was suppressed in vitro by Que-Fe NDs. This finding indicates a promising novel therapeutic target that warrants additional investigation.</p><p><strong>Supplementary information: </strong>The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12645-025-00353-y.</p>","PeriodicalId":9408,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Nanotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":"2"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12779711/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145951567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>o</i>-carborane encapsulated into polymeric micelles for proton boron capture therapy.","authors":"Guodong Zhang, Qiu-Xu Teng, Célia Fernandes, Haiyan Chen, Filipa Mendes, Narayan Sahoo, Ping Pan, Lurdes Gano, António Paulo, Chun Li","doi":"10.1186/s12645-026-00400-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12645-026-00400-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Proton boron capture therapy (PBCT), based on proton-boron fusion reactions (¹¹B + p →3α + 8.7 MeV), has the potential to enhance the biological effectiveness of proton therapy. To achieve this potential, the efficient delivery of enough ¹¹B to cancer cells will be paramount. This study demonstrates a newly developed method of poor solvent-mediated spontaneous assembly of polymeric micelles with entrapped <i>o</i>-carborane, in which ethanol is a good solvent for the payload <i>o</i>-carborane but a poor solvent for the hydrophobic segment poly(ε-caprolactone) in this amphiphilic block copolymer. This method provided smaller polymeric micelles compared to use of tetrahydrofuran, a good solvent for the amphiphilic block copolymer, as the sole solvent for both payload and copolymer. The prepared nanoscale formulation enabled the boron-rich cage compound <i>o</i>-carborane to be effectively delivered to tumor cells, and its enhancement of the biological effectiveness of proton therapy was preliminarily validated in a pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma cell line, MiaPaCa-2, by survival assays and DNA damage assessment. The ¹¹¹In-labeled congener was also successfully prepared and used in biodistribution assays in normal mice, opening the way to further studies on image-guided PBCT in preclinical animal models.</p>","PeriodicalId":9408,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Nanotechnology","volume":"17 ","pages":"60"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13679845/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149227340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Porous Ca-HB-HA nanocomposites synergize with hyperbaric oxygen to boost targeted photodynamic therapy for hepatocellular carcinoma","authors":"Qiang Chen, Yuqiang Shan, Guang Yin, Kangwen Cheng, Hongzhu Zhang, Huayao Lv, Lifeng Liu","doi":"10.1186/s12645-025-00354-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12645-025-00354-x","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a primary liver cancer with high mortality. Developing therapeutic approaches with a low recurrence rate, systemic toxicity, or drug resistance is of paramount importance. This study investigates the impact of Ca-HB-HA-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) on HCC cells and the synergistic effects of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) therapy. This study developed Ca-HB-HA nanoparticles, which were comprehensively characterized through DLS, zeta potential, FTIR, and BET analyses to confirm their hydrodynamic diameter, surface charge, chemical composition, and porous structure. The Ca-HB-HA nanoparticles significantly enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in H22 cells and modulated pH under PDT. In the HCC xenograft model, Ca-HB-HA-mediated PDT combined with HBO exhibited synergistic antitumor efficacy, confirmed by in vivo imaging, apoptosis assays, and histopathological analysis. This study successfully developed Ca-HB-HA loaded with photosensitizer HB. Systematic characterization confirmed their suitable hydrodynamic size, surface charge, and porous structure, along with favorable drug encapsulation and loading capacity. H22 cells exhibited the highest uptake of Ca-HB-HA nanocomposites at 4 h. As an efficient photosensitizer in H22 cells, Ca-HB-HA can generate ROS and increase the pH value in the tumor microenvironment upon light activation. HBO therapy synergistically enhanced H22 cell toxicity and restored the low apoptosis rate induced by hypoxic conditions. In the HCC xenograft model, HBO combined with Ca-HB-HA-mediated PDT significantly inhibited tumor growth, which was supported by TUNEL staining results. Biochemical index detection of blood samples showed that this therapeutic approach caused no hepatorenal or cardiac toxicity, which was further confirmed by HE staining. Additionally, small animal imaging confirmed the precise tumor targeting of the Ca-HB-HA. This study found that Ca-HB-HA-mediated PDT can increase the pH and ROS levels in the tumor microenvironment, while combined HBO therapy enhances H22 cell apoptosis mediated by cleaved PARP (c-PARP) and cleaved caspase-3 (c-Caspase3), inhibits tumor growth, and causes minimal cellular and hepatorenal damage during this process.","PeriodicalId":9408,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Nanotechnology","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147879889","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"M1 Macrophage-Engineered Vesicles Have Anti-Cancer Activity in Ovarian Cancer.","authors":"Connie D Cao, J Robert McCorkle, Derek B Allison, Donglin Yan, Kristen Hill, Lan Li, Rani Jayswal, David Schweer, Charles S Dietrich, Frederick R Ueland, Christopher I Richards, Jill M Kolesar","doi":"10.1186/s12645-025-00337-y","DOIUrl":"10.1186/s12645-025-00337-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Ovarian cancer typically presents at an advanced stage, has a poor prognosis, and is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are cell membrane derived nanoparticles that function in specific cell-to-cell communication and are under development as novel drug delivery vehicles and modulators of the tumor microenvironment. Artificial cell-derived vesicles (ACDVs) from M1 macrophages are able to repolarize macrophages from a M2 to a M1 phenotype and target tumor cells in <i>in vitro</i> studies.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In this study, we generated engineered EVs (EEVs) by membrane disruption of M1 macrophages (MEVs) with and without cisplatin to generate cisplatin-loaded MEVs (C-MEVs) and empty MEVs (E-MEVs), which we tested in an ovarian cancer mouse xenograft model. E-MEVs and C-MEVs exhibited significantly less weight loss and equivalent activity to cisplatin, with improved activity over controls.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Further development of MEVs for the treatment of ovarian cancer is warranted.</p>","PeriodicalId":9408,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Nanotechnology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12782215/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145951546","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bacteria-triggered liposomes for synergistic tumour therapy based on the hypoxic microenvironment","authors":"Lu Wang, Fujie Jiang, Chang Ding, Xiaoming Wu, Xinqi Xiao, Guifang Dong, Qianmei Yang, Jianzhong Zou, Chun Chen","doi":"10.1186/s12645-025-00347-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12645-025-00347-w","url":null,"abstract":"High-intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) combined with chemotherapy has shown considerable promise in treating solid tumours. However, improving tumour ablation efficiency remains a major challenge due to multidrug resistance and lack of tumour selectivity. To solve this problem, we cleverly combine tumour-targeting anaerobic bacteria and hypoxia-activating prodrugs based on tumour hypoxia characteristics. Specifically, we first fabricated a novel platform utilizing cationic liposomes, functionalized with polyethylene glycol (PEG), that encapsulates hypoxia-activated prodrug tirapazamine (TPZ) and the HIFU synergist perfluorohexane (PFH), and these nanoparticles were combined with Bifidobacterium bifidum (B. bifidum) via electrostatic adsorption to fabricate a tumour-targeting system. We leveraged the advantages of B. bifidum that not only mediated nanoparticles effectively reach the tumour to realize better targeted synergistic therapy, but also induce hypoxia in tumorsby themselves in turn amplified the antitumour effect of TPZ. In vitro and in vivo experiments indicate that this strategy effectively promotes tumour cell apoptosis, inhibits tumour growth, and achieves ultrasound imaging. This therapy strategy holds great promise for cancer therapy and highlights the potential of using a combination of bacteria plus nanomedicine in future solid tumour therapy.","PeriodicalId":9408,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Nanotechnology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://cancer-nano.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12645-025-00347-w","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147900394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tumor vascular disruption and cGAS–STING activation by gambogic amide-loaded nanomicelles for multiple synergistic treatment of triple-negative breast cancer","authors":"Zhengwei Gui, Lu Zhao, Shiyang Liu, Lin Zhang","doi":"10.1186/s12645-025-00341-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12645-025-00341-2","url":null,"abstract":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) continues to significantly threaten human health despite using multiple advanced therapies. The development of simple and effective pharmacologic agents, combined with various available treatments, has the potential to achieve unexpected efficacy. The aim of this study was to develop a gambogic amide coated nanomicelles for the multi-synergistic treatment of triple-negative breast cancer. This study developed PLGA-PEG/GA (PPG) nanoparticles by combining gambogic amide (GA) with polyethylene glycol-grafted poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid copolymer (PLGA-PEG) for use in synergistic tumor therapies. Intravenous injection of PPG disrupts tumor vasculature and forms blood clots, which in turn mediates photothermal therapy and promotes oxygen release to enhance sensitivity to radiotherapy. More importantly, in addition to starvation therapy that disrupts tumor blood supply, PPG promotes tumor immunogenic death and activates the cGAS–STING pathway, triggering effective systemic anti-tumor immunity. When combined with PD-L1, PPG therapy reduces tumor recurrence. Overall, PPG can synergize with a variety of therapies to activate systemic anti-tumor effects while treating tumors locally.","PeriodicalId":9408,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Nanotechnology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://cancer-nano.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12645-025-00341-2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147917136","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Smart biodegradable hydrogels incorporating a photoactive Ir(III) complex for NIR-triggered oral cancer treatment","authors":"Fang Yang, Ning Luo, LiZhen Ren, Wei Ding, Xuesong Wu","doi":"10.1186/s12645-025-00336-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12645-025-00336-z","url":null,"abstract":"Oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) is the most common cancer in the head and neck region, accounting for nearly 90% of oral cavity tumors. OSCC cells often overexpress epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which is linked to tumor formation, progression, and differentiation. Surgery and chemotherapy are the main treatments for OSCC, but they are ineffective compared to other oral cancers. To overcome these restrictions, anticancer-active Ir(III) complex-based photosensitizers are incorporated into a PANI-PEG-CS hydrogel and delivered to tumorous tissue, where they are activated by near-infrared (NIR) light to combat cancer. Hydrogels incorporating Ir(III) complex could be ingested by OSCC cells under NIR irradiation and have shown strong selectivity toward mitochondria. Further investigations confirmed that Ir increased ROS formation, decreased mitochondrial membrane potential, and depleted ATP levels, all of which led to OSCC cell apoptosis at 62.5 µg/ml. Western blot analysis showed that Ir(III)@PANI-PEG-CS hydrogel induces apoptosis in CAL-27 cells by activating the mitochondria-dependent apoptotic pathway and the PI3K/AKT pathway. Nanocomposites selectively accumulate in malignant cells and effectively eliminate them using NIR irradiation. We conclude that complex Ir(III)@PANI-PEG-CS hydrogel may be a promising candidate for new anticancer therapies.","PeriodicalId":9408,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Nanotechnology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://cancer-nano.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12645-025-00336-z","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147920822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exosomal encapsulation of a steviol derivative SD9 to overcome TRAIL resistance as a highly effective therapy against lung cancer","authors":"Quanjiang Li, Yufeng Xie, Wanting Zhang, Junsheng Peng, Zhujie Deng, Rui Tian, Xiubin Kuang, Bin Xie, Chen Huang, Yu Zhao, Zhengqiang Yuan","doi":"10.1186/s12645-025-00329-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s12645-025-00329-y","url":null,"abstract":"Tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising pro-apoptotic factor. However, it has showed very limited efficacies due to low bioavailability and common drug resistance in cancers. Extracellular vesicle delivery of TRAIL (EV-T) has significantly improved the activity and the combination of EV-T with some intrinsic apoptosis-inducing chemical compounds showed further strikingly augmented apoptosis induction in cancers. Previously we synthesized a steviol derivative 9# (SD9) that induced intrinsic apoptosis in cancer cells. However, it has never been examined if SD9 collaborates with EV-T to trigger synergistic apoptosis-induction in cancer cells. Herein, we propose that SD9 may be loaded into EV-T to sensitize TRAIL response for a synergistic anti-cancer therapy. First, TRAIL-transduced mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) were used to produce EV-Ts. Then SD9 was encapsulated into EV-Ts to prepare the complexed nanodrug SD9@EV-T. The encapsulation of SD9 resulted in not only increased cellular delivery rate, sustained drug release and improved pharmacodynamics, but also synergistically and selectively augmented apoptosis induction in 8 various cancer cell lines, but not in normal cells. The related molecular mechanisms are involved in the concomitant upregulation of DR5 and suppression of anti-apoptotic factors including cFLIP, MCL-1, BCL-2 and IAPs and the NF-kappaB pathway. Additionally, SD9@EV-T was in vivo tested for anti-cancer therapeutic efficacy in a subcutaneous A549 xenograft lung tumor model. The SD9@EV-T therapy demonstrated strikingly promoted efficacy than the SD9 alone treatment, and no evident adverse drug events (ADEs) were observed. In conclusion, the SD9@EV-T nanodrug potentially constitutes a novel and highly effective anti-cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":9408,"journal":{"name":"Cancer Nanotechnology","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://cancer-nano.biomedcentral.com/counter/pdf/10.1186/s12645-025-00329-y","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147918771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}