Health & place最新文献

{"title":"Entangled risks: knowledge co-production with sanitation workers to address current and future challenges of handling menstrual waste in informal settlements in Kenya.","authors":"Sarah Dickin, Sara Gabrielsson, Collins Rutto, Priscilla Tatani, Neville Okwaro","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103513","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103513","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper reports on the challenges of handling menstrual waste in informal settlements in Kisumu, Kenya, and the emerging conflicts between reducing the use of these 'complicated plastics' and ensuring human health and dignity. To investigate these interconnections, we draw on a survey conducted among sanitation workers conducting manual pit emptying. We then conducted a knowledge co-production workshop including generating maps showing flows of menstrual waste around Kisumu. The maps were used as the basis for a discussion of desirable futures in the context of waste and sanitation adapted from the Three Horizons methodology. Findings indicated that sanitation workers deal with large quantities of menstrual waste when conducting their day-to-day work, which produces a range of health, environmental, and social risks that are difficult to mitigate. Men were more likely than women workers to be unregistered, producing additional health and social risks due to this form of work often being conducted at night. Maps of waste flows in Kisumu showed very different realities among sanitation workers compared with other stakeholder groups such as government officials. When considering desirable waste futures, government and civil society stakeholders were in favour of an aspirational 'zero waste' future where plastic products are phased out in favour of reusable or biodegradable products. This was in tension with the future vision of sanitation workers who do not want to reduce waste, which is their main livelihood, and preferred better managed waste streams that reduced their risks and improved their standing in the community. These findings highlight conflicting priorities among stakeholders when addressing taboo waste streams such as menstrual waste, and the challenges of focusing on aspirational sustainability transitions that may harm socially marginalized groups.</p>","PeriodicalId":94024,"journal":{"name":"Health & place","volume":"95 ","pages":"103513"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Linking physical food outlets to online platforms: A cross-sectional machine learning approach to analysing socioeconomic variations in great Britain.","authors":"Jody C Hoenink, Yuru Huang, Jean Adams","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103524","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103524","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>Physical food outlets are increasingly offering delivery through Online Food Delivery Service (OFDS) platforms, but the scale of this expansion remains unclear due to the labour-intensive process of manually matching outlets to online platforms. Understanding the share of outlets offering delivery is important, as it impacts food availability and thus potentially influences dietary behaviours. This paper demonstrates how a machine learning model can efficiently match physical to online outlets. We also analysed how the proportion of physical outlets listed online and online-only outlets varies by area-level deprivation.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The physical locations of outlets selling food in Great Britain was obtained from a centrally held register for food hygiene data, while online outlet data was collected through web scraping an OFDS platform. We calculated string distances based on outlet names and postcodes, which were then used to train a Random Forest model to match outlets from the two lists. Area-level deprivation was assessed using the Index of Multiple Deprivation.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The Random Forest classifier model achieved an F1 score of 90 %, a recall of 98 %, and a precision of 83 %. Overall, the median percentage of physical outlets also listed online was 14 % (IQR 0-23), and the median percentage of online-only outlets was also 14 % (IQR 0-27). The proportion of physical outlets listed online and online-only outlets was highest in more deprived areas. For example, compared to the least deprived areas, the most deprived areas were associated with a 6 % greater proportion of physical food outlets listed online (95 %CI 5 %-6 %) and a 3 % greater proportion of online-only outlets (95 %CI 1 %-4 %).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study demonstrates the potential of machine learning techniques to efficiently match physical and online food outlets. This automated approach can provide insights into the relationship between physical and online food availability. Researchers and policymakers can use this method to better understand inequalities in food outlet availability and monitor the expansion of online delivery services.</p>","PeriodicalId":94024,"journal":{"name":"Health & place","volume":"95 ","pages":"103524"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805496","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Living in a 20-min neighborhood and brain health and resilience in older adults: The Healthy Brain Initiative.","authors":"Lilah M Besser, Elaine Le, Madeleine Tourelle, Deirdre M O'Shea, Diana Mitsova, James E Galvin","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103502","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103502","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The 20-min neighborhood (20 MN) concept, aimed at fostering livable communities, has garnered increasing attention among urban planners and policy makers. 20 MNs provide most daily needs (e.g., grocery, parks) within a 20-min walk of home. Among 352 older adults in the Healthy Brain Initiative (HBI), we examined whether 20 MN measures were associated with resilience against future cognitive impairment/dementia measured via the Resilience Index (RI), as well as with structural magnetic resonance imaging measures (i.e., hippocampal volume, white matter hyperintensity (WMH) volume). We calculated density of destinations within a 20-min walk of home across seven domains (i.e., social destinations, dining places, shopping/retail, grocery/supermarkets, healthcare facilities, parks, and transit availability) and created a dichotomous 20 MN variable (≥1 destination within a 20-min walk in all seven domains, yes versus no). In multivariable linear regression analyses, greater density of parks, greater density of grocery/supermarkets, and living in a 20 MN were associated lower WMH volumes. Our study suggests brain health benefits for older adults with greater densities of grocery and park destinations within a 20-min walk of home, as well as those living in 20 MNs. Future studies corroborating our findings for beneficial associations between 20 MNs and brain health would provide significant policy implications for dementia prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":94024,"journal":{"name":"Health & place","volume":"95 ","pages":"103502"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12433669/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144805497","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The influence of access to healthy food retail on BMI: Implications for obesity prevention policy at the local government level.","authors":"Cindy Needham, Steven Allender, Miranda R Blake, Ana Horta","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103521","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Achieving good population level measures of access to healthy food retailers have been suggested to support healthy diets and weight. However, there is little evidence to suggest that population measures of access to healthy food at the local government level is effective in supporting healthier weight of the community. The objective of this study was to establish whether in Greater Melbourne (Australia) population measures of food retail accessibility to Supermarkets and a mix of Healthy outlets (e.g., supermarkets, greengrocers, sushi outlets) within 1 km from home (based on the guidelines for metropolitan areas) at the local government area (LGA) level is associated with significantly different measures of healthy weight; and, whether this association is consistent over time after adjusting for sociodemographic factors and access to Less Healthy and Unhealthy food retail outlets within this area. The findings of this secondary repeat cross-sectional analysis indicate that in LGAs where over 50 % of the population has access to a variety of healthy food outlets within a 1 km buffer, mean BMI is significantly lower than in LGAs with less than 50 % of the population. Healthy food outlets in this study include greengrocers, butchers, supermarkets, and specialty stores (such as wholefoods and cultural food shops), along with healthier takeaway options like sushi, salad, and sandwich bars. In contrast, the availability of a supermarket within 1 km alone showed no significant association with lower BMI at the LGA level. Findings support future efforts to routinely measure access to food retail at the LGA level and enforce accessibility recommendations to support population health.</p>","PeriodicalId":94024,"journal":{"name":"Health & place","volume":"95 ","pages":"103521"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Tracing place and health over Time: Advancing longitudinal approaches in geospatial health applications.","authors":"Michael R Desjardins, Tiina Rinne","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103527","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2025.103527","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Our special issue on \"Longitudinal Analysis in Geospatial Health Applications\" highlights major advances in understanding how dynamic environments shape health across the life course. Featuring innovative methods, including medical informatics, artificial intelligence, and precise residential history protocols, authors demonstrate how exposures, neighborhood opportunities, and social inequalities accumulate and interact over time and space. Studies span global contexts, documenting the health impacts of mobility, residential (dis)advantage, environmental hazards, built and food environments, and access to greenspace. Key findings reveal that persistent disadvantage, climate-driven or voluntary mobility, and environmental injustice all profoundly influence health trajectories. The COVID-19 pandemic further spotlighted and amplified spatial inequities in resource access and health behaviors. Collectively, the contributions call for integrated, longitudinal, and place-based public health strategies, emphasizing that effective interventions must consider both spatial and temporal dynamics. These works pave the way for building healthier, more equitable communities through sustained, data-driven, and context-aware action.</p>","PeriodicalId":94024,"journal":{"name":"Health & place","volume":"95 ","pages":"103527"},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144818907","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}