Health & place最新文献

{"title":"Contact with nature, nature prescriptions, and loneliness: Evidence from an international survey of adults in Australia, India, Singapore, the United Kingdom, and the United States.","authors":"Thomas Astell-Burt, Michelle Kondo, Tanya Pritchard, Katarzyna Olcon, J Aaron Hipp, Deepti Adlakha, Evangelos Pappas, Xiaoqi Feng","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103331","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence to support nature contact and nature prescriptions to reduce loneliness is scant. A total of 2100 individuals took part in a survey conducted in Australia (n = 525, mean age = 34.1), India (n = 526, mean age = 29.5), Singapore (n = 523, mean age = 36.1), the UK (n = 526, mean age = 37.3), and the US (n = 525, mean age = 43.6) in 2022 (overall age range 18-89yrs). Multilevel logistic regressions adjusted for confounding indicated mean levels of overall loneliness tended to be higher in India (Odds Ratio [OR] 1.21, 95% Confidence Interval [95%CI] 0.90-1.62), Singapore (OR = 1.54, 95%CI = 1.15-2.07), the UK (OR = 1.26, 95%CI = 0.96-1.67) and the US (OR = 1.24, 95%CI = 0.94-1.64) compared with Australia. Notable differences were observed by loneliness type, for example, with lower odds of social loneliness (OR = 0.57, 95%CI = 0.41-0.79) and higher odds of emotional loneliness (OR = 1.57, 95%CI = 1.14-2.06) in India compared with Australia. Findings with regards to loneliness and nature contact varied between country. In general, social loneliness was lower in participants who visited natural surroundings regularly (OR = 0.81, 95%CI = 0.61-0.98) and spent two hours or more per week in nature (OR = 0.65, 95%CI = 0.49-0.81). Overall loneliness (OR = 1.98, 95%CI = 1.48-2.47) and emotional loneliness (OR = 2.84, 95%CI = 2.13-3.51) were substantially higher among those who felt having no-one to go with was a barrier to spending time in nature. Emotional loneliness was higher in those who had more time in nature (OR = 1.32, 95%CI = 0.94-1.75) or more frequent visits (OR = 1.24, 95%CI = 0.94-1.49), which may be indicative of selective processes by which some people who feel emotionally lonely seek meaningful sources of connection or solace in natural environments. In sum, these findings highlight potentially important contingencies in how people feel lonely in different countries, and the potential of contact with nature as a means to address this critical issue of modern times. Randomised trials of nature prescription interventions for loneliness co-designed with respect to contrasting cultural, economic, and climatic contexts are needed to ensure programs intended to reconnect people with nature are effective, equitable, and acceptable for everyone.</p>","PeriodicalId":94024,"journal":{"name":"Health & place","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142396286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Visualising legitimacy: An analysis of medicinal cannabis images in Australian news.","authors":"Hannah Adler, Barbara Pini, Monique Lewis","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103359","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This paper reports on a visual framing analysis of Australian online news media images of medicinal cannabis (MC) from 2014 to 2021. It reports on two themes - people and place, and plant and place. The first theme reveals that images of MC users, including children, and familial caregivers were commonly emplaced within quotidian middle-class, suburban, domestic settings, thereby demarcating them from recreational cannabis users. The second theme situated cannabis as a plant in spaces which defined it visually as an agricultural product, pharmaceutical drug, herbal medicine, and less commonly as a recreational drug. This disparate photographic storyline blurred the boundary between recreational and medicinal cannabis.</p>","PeriodicalId":94024,"journal":{"name":"Health & place","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Does geographic availability of alcohol influence drinking in adolescents? A systematic review of literature associations.","authors":"Irene Martín-Turrero, Roberto Valiente, Andrea Pastor, Usama Bilal, Xisca Sureda","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103362","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The role of alcohol geographic availability in influencing adolescent drinking has been debated. However, clear literature consensus has not been reached.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To provide a systematic review of the associations between geographic availability of alcohol outlets measured through different methodologies and drinking outcomes in adolescents.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a systematic search (PubMed/SCOPUS/Web of Science) for articles exploring associations between alcohol availability and adolescent drinking before 2023. Original articles written in English that evaluated adolescent populations (10-19 years old), included at least one quantitative alcohol consumption outcome and its relationship with geographic availability of alcohol, and declared no conflicts of interest were selected for the review. A quality assessment of the selected articles was made using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and descriptive analyses were carried out to summarize results.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Thirty-one articles were reviewed (19 cross-sectional and 12 longitudinal studies), which included a total of 507336 participants. Alcohol availability was positively related to drinking prevalence and risky patterns in 53.3% and 60.5% of associations, respectively. Individual-level covariates, the type of alcohol outlets measured and the different methodological approaches to measure outlet density were related to differences in the direction and magnitude of these associations.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Just over half of the studies in this review demonstrate a positive association between alcohol availability and adolescent alcohol consumption with no negative associations reported. The review highlights the mix of methodological approaches that are used, which made it difficult to conduct joint analyses. Additional research is needed to explore the appropriateness, effectiveness and reliability of these methods within various contexts.</p>","PeriodicalId":94024,"journal":{"name":"Health & place","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142378722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pre-disaster income inequality and post-disaster mental health: A natural experiment from the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami.","authors":"Sakurako S Okuzono, Kate Burrows, Koichiro Shiba, Aki Yazawa, Hiroyuki Hikichi, Jun Aida, Katsunori Kondo, Ichiro Kawachi","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103363","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103363","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>We sought to test the hypothesis that communities with a high degree of income inequality are ill-equipped to deal with crises. Specifically, we tested whether pre-disaster higher income inequality increases the risk of worse mental health conditions in the aftermath of disaster.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We examined the association between pre-disaster community income inequality and post-disaster mental health outcomes in a prospective cohort study of older adults (≥65 years) who survived the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake. The baseline survey of participants (completed in 2010) predated the disaster by seven months. Survivors completed three waves of post-disaster surveys in 2013, 2016, and 2019. To assess the level of income inequality, the Gini index was calculated using individual income data in 2010 aggregated to 98 communities (range 0.05-0.50: median = 0.32) and categorized into tertiles (low, middle, high). Depressive symptoms and post-traumatic stress symptoms (PTSS) were assessed in the three post-disaster surveys using validated instruments. Multilevel analysis was conducted adjusting for pre-disaster characteristics.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Higher levels of community income inequality were associated with higher PTSS scores across time (2013: β = 0.14, 95%CI = -0.01, 0.29; 2016: β = 0.16, 95%CI = 0.03, 0.29; 2019: β = 0.12, 95%CI = -0.01, 0.24). The association between income inequality and mental health was partly attenuated by adding the change in social capital to the model (2013: β = 0.14, 95%CI = -0.01, 0.29; 2016: β = 0.15, 95%CI = 0.03, 0.28; 2019: β = 0.11, 95%CI = -0.01, 0.22).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Our findings suggest that pre-disaster income inequality may explain PTSS symptoms in the aftermath of a disaster, and the relation may be mediated by disaster-related change. Further study to reveal its mechanism is needed for the policy recommendation.</p>","PeriodicalId":94024,"journal":{"name":"Health & place","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142373918","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding excess mortality in 2022: The dual impact of COVID-19 and heatwaves on the Italian elderly population.","authors":"Emiliano Ceccarelli, Giada Minelli, Antonello Maruotti, Giovanna Jona Lasinio, Marco Martuzzi","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103357","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103357","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In this study, we employ a comprehensive approach to model the concurrent effects of the COVID-19 epidemic and heatwaves on all-cause excess mortality. Our investigation uncovers distinct peaks in excess mortality, notably among individuals aged 80 years and older, revealing a strong positive correlation with excess temperatures (ET) during the summer of 2022 in Italy. Furthermore, we identify a notable role played by COVID-19 hospitalizations, exhibiting regional disparities, particularly during the winter months. Leveraging functional data regression, we offer robust and coherent insights into the excess mortality trends observed in Italy throughout 2022.</p>","PeriodicalId":94024,"journal":{"name":"Health & place","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368025","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Moderators and mediators of the association between the obesogenicity of neighbourhoods and weight status in Dutch adults.","authors":"Jet D S van de Geest, Paul Meijer, Sharon Remmelzwaal, Jeroen Lakerveld","doi":"10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103364","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2024.103364","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This study aimed to assess sociodemographic, personality, and psychological moderators, and lifestyle behavioural mediators, of the association between obesogenicity of neighbourhoods and weight status in Dutch adults. This cross-sectional study used baseline data of 150,506 adult participants of the Lifelines study. To quantify obesogenicity of Dutch neighbourhoods, the Obesogenic Built Environment CharacterisTics (OBCT) index was used, calculated for 1000 m circular buffers around participant's residencies. Z-scores of components across food and physical activity (PA) environments were averaged, and rescaled from 0 to 100. Weight status was operationalised as objectively measured waist circumference. Stratified linear regression analyses by (self-reported) sociodemographic factors, perceived stress, impulsivity, self-discipline, and deliberation were conducted when interaction terms were significant (P < .01). Mediation by adherence to the Dutch PA guidelines and dietary behaviour was examined using the difference-in-coefficients approach. Every 10% increase in OBCT index was associated with a 0.65 (P < .001, 95%CI [0.59, 0.71]) centimetre larger waist circumference. The association was largest for respondents who were younger, had the lowest income, the highest educational level, the least self-discipline, the highest impulsivity scores and the most perceived stress. Adherence to PA guidelines and dietary behaviour mediated 13.3% of this association; however, the difference in coefficients was not statistically significant. Our findings enable to better target lifestyle interventions to individuals most vulnerable to obesogenic environments. Furthermore, they provide guidance for policymakers and urban planners in promoting health-enhancing environments.</p>","PeriodicalId":94024,"journal":{"name":"Health & place","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142368024","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}