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Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology最新文献

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Preface: Emergency obstetrics in low- and middle-income countries. 前言：低收入和中等收入国家的产科急诊。
Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102576
Nnabuike Chibuoke Ngene, Jagidesa Moodley
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引用次数: 0
Best Practice & Research clinical obstetrics & gynaecology. 临床妇产科最佳实践与研究。
Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology Pub Date : 2024-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102574
Kate Swanson, Mary E Norton
{"title":"Best Practice & Research clinical obstetrics & gynaecology.","authors":"Kate Swanson, Mary E Norton","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102574","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Screening for fetal genetic disorders is a focus of prenatal care. Cell free DNA (cfDNA) screening for aneuploidies became available in 2011. Initially available only to high-risk individuals, this test is now standard of care in many settings. cfDNA screening has expanded to include sex chromosomal aneuploidies, copy number variants, and rare autosomal trisomies. However, the positive predictive value for rarer conditions is significantly lower, the number of conditions tested for is small, and abnormal results may occur due to maternal genetic findings. The field is changing quickly, and national recommendations for the use of cfDNA in screening for fetal and maternal diseases varies internationally. Research on the performance of screening for many different genetic disorders using cfDNA is ongoing, and suggests that this methodology may allow for testing of a much greater number of genetic conditions. Additionally, improved understanding of the cfDNA molecules themselves may provide additional insights: both high and low fetal fractions may suggest adverse pregnancy outcomes, and characteristics of the fragments themselves may help distinguish tissue of origin.</p>","PeriodicalId":93895,"journal":{"name":"Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology","volume":"98 ","pages":"102574"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142873744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fetal imaging, phenotyping, and genomic testing in modern prenatal diagnosis. 胎儿成像，表型，和基因组检测在现代产前诊断。
Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology Pub Date : 2024-12-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102575
Matthew A Shear, Peter N Robinson, Teresa N Sparks
{"title":"Fetal imaging, phenotyping, and genomic testing in modern prenatal diagnosis.","authors":"Matthew A Shear, Peter N Robinson, Teresa N Sparks","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102575","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102575","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Genetic tests available in the prenatal setting have expanded rapidly with next generation sequencing, and fetal imaging can detect a breadth of many structural and functional abnormalities. To identify a fetal genetic disease, deep phenotyping is increasingly important to generate a differential diagnosis, choose the most appropriate genetic tests, and inform the results of those tests. The Human Phenotype Ontology (HPO) organizes and defines the features of human disease to support deep phenotyping, and ongoing efforts are being made to improve the scope of the HPO to comprehensively include fetal phenotypes. There are important limitations of fetal phenotyping to understand, including ongoing structural development and limited knowledge of how many genetic diseases present uniquely in utero. This article provides an overview of the use of HPO terms and artificial intelligence in the approach to fetal phenotyping and genetic testing.</p>","PeriodicalId":93895,"journal":{"name":"Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology","volume":"98 ","pages":"102575"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142911347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Common myths and misconceptions surrounding hormonal contraception. 关于激素避孕的常见神话和误解。
Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology Pub Date : 2024-12-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102573
Kirsten I Black, Maxime Vromman, Rebecca S French
{"title":"Common myths and misconceptions surrounding hormonal contraception.","authors":"Kirsten I Black, Maxime Vromman, Rebecca S French","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102573","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102573","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Numerous community and professional myths and misconceptions around hormonal contraception exist, many promulgated through social media. As a result of these and other factors, people are moving away from hormonal methods and potentially exposing themselves to increased risk of unintended pregnancy. A number of key myths and misconceptions have been identified in a range of papers and here we summarise the evidence around the basis for these misunderstandings. The themes we explore are the physical side effects, the mental health effects, the impact on sexuality, the concerns about infertility, the concept of \"unnaturalness\", concerns about menstruation, concerns about safety and destigmatisation of side effects. For many of these themes, there is some evidence justifying the concern, but overall for most people, we argue that the benefits of hormonal contraception outweigh the disadvantages.</p>","PeriodicalId":93895,"journal":{"name":"Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology","volume":"98 ","pages":"102573"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142869797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Improving access to emergency obstetric care in low- and middle-income countries. 改善低收入和中等收入国家获得产科急诊的机会。
Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology Pub Date : 2024-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102572
Lawrence Chauke
{"title":"Improving access to emergency obstetric care in low- and middle-income countries.","authors":"Lawrence Chauke","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102572","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102572","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>While maternal deaths have declined by a third between 2000 and 2020, approximately 800 women continue to die every day due to pregnancy-related complications. For every woman who dies, many more experience life-debilitating conditions. Most of these deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Women in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) face the highest risk of mortality, with a lifetime risk of dying from pregnancy-related complications estimated at 1 in 40. Given the unpredictable nature of pregnancy complications, emergency obstetric care (EmOC) remains the most effective strategy to reduce the global burden of maternal deaths due to pregnancy related complications. Investing in EmOC can assist countries struggling with high burden of maternal mortality in staying on track toward achieving the United Nations' 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, LMICs encounter several challenges in accessing these life-saving interventions. This article utilises Thaddeus and Maine's three-delay model to analyse barriers to EmOC in LMICs and to propose potential solutions.</p>","PeriodicalId":93895,"journal":{"name":"Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology","volume":"98 ","pages":"102572"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Editorial. 社论
Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102558
Terence Lao
{"title":"Editorial.","authors":"Terence Lao","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102558","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102558","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93895,"journal":{"name":"Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology","volume":" ","pages":"102558"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142514560","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Effects of hormonal contraception on mood and sexuality. 荷尔蒙避孕对情绪和性行为的影响。
Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-10-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102560
Prof Em Johannes Bitzer
{"title":"Effects of hormonal contraception on mood and sexuality.","authors":"Prof Em Johannes Bitzer","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102560","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102560","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The impact of hormonal contraception on mental and sexual health has long been either ignored or considered to be much less important than the cardiovascular, metabolic and cancer risks. In recent years the interest in these side effects, having an impact on the quality of life of users, has grown due to several reasons. In the last decades different scientific approaches to gain empirical evidence about the type and extent of negative effects of hormonal contraceptives on mood and sex did not result in clear evidence-based statements due to the complexity of the interaction between contraceptive methods and mental and sexual health (inconsistent measurement of patient reported outcomes, multiplicity of intervening variables etc). Based on an understanding of the biological, psychological and sociocultural factors contributing to the mental and sexual health of the individual user, and the individual impact of hormonal contraception, which can have negative, positive or neutral effects on mood and sexuality, an individualized approach is proposed to integrate mental and sexual health into the practice of contraceptive counselling and care.</p>","PeriodicalId":93895,"journal":{"name":"Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology","volume":" ","pages":"102560"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Genome sequencing in the prenatal diagnosis of structural malformations in the fetus. 基因组测序在胎儿结构畸形产前诊断中的应用。
Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102539
Matthew Hoi Kin Chau, Mahesh Choolani, Zirui Dong, Ye Cao, Kwong Wai Choy
{"title":"Genome sequencing in the prenatal diagnosis of structural malformations in the fetus.","authors":"Matthew Hoi Kin Chau, Mahesh Choolani, Zirui Dong, Ye Cao, Kwong Wai Choy","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102539","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Prenatal genetic diagnosis has undergone two pivotal paradigm shifts, initially with the introduction of chromosomal microarray and subsequently with the advent of next-generation sequencing technologies (NGS). NGS technology has given rise to a multitude of applications, with gene panels, exome sequencing (ES), and genome sequencing (GS) emerging as highly promising tests for prenatal genetic investigations. These advanced approaches have demonstrated superior diagnostic rates when compared to conventional testing methods, showcasing the evolution and enhancement of prenatal genetic screening and diagnostic capabilities. With these ground-breaking innovations, NGS technologies have the potential to replace current standard practice in prenatal diagnosis. With the increasing use of prenatal sequencing, the need for better education and guidance on their applications grows. This chapter aims to illustrate the detection scope and feasibility of various NGS-based methods that are currently used in prenatal diagnosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":93895,"journal":{"name":"Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology","volume":" ","pages":"102539"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The road to hormonal male contraception: End in sight? 男性荷尔蒙避孕之路：终结在望？
Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102559
R A Anderson, J J Reynolds-Wright
{"title":"The road to hormonal male contraception: End in sight?","authors":"R A Anderson, J J Reynolds-Wright","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102559","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102559","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of a hormonal approach that sufficiently and reversibly suppresses spermatogenesis to the level required for effective contraception has been developed and tested over several decades. The reality of achieving this has been confirmed using both testosterone alone and combination methods using a progestogen with a physiological dose of testosterone, necessary to replace the lack of endogenous testosterone production by the suppressed testes. A range of both long-acting and self-administered combination methods are effective, including injection, implant and gel methods of administration, with up to 95% of men achieving sufficient spermatogenic suppression. New steroids are also being trialled. Surveys show the widespread willingness of men and their female partners to use novel male methods, suggesting the potential of this approach to contribute to global family planning and sustainable development goals. This approach to contraception can clearly be effective, and needs to move from relatively small scale testing to large scale pre-marketing trials: only then can information about long-term safety and real-world acceptability be obtained.</p>","PeriodicalId":93895,"journal":{"name":"Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology","volume":" ","pages":"102559"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142334263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The roles of blood picture, haemoglobinopathy traits, and blood groups determined in routine antenatal tests in the screening for complications in pregnancy. 常规产前检查中确定的血型、血红蛋白病特征和血型在筛查妊娠并发症中的作用。
Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology Pub Date : 2024-12-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102537
Terence T Lao
{"title":"The roles of blood picture, haemoglobinopathy traits, and blood groups determined in routine antenatal tests in the screening for complications in pregnancy.","authors":"Terence T Lao","doi":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102537","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.bpobgyn.2024.102537","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Routine antenatal tests include haemoglobin measurement, usually with red blood cell indices, white cell and platelet counts, and ABO and Rhesus blood groups, are aimed to screen for iron deficiency anaemia, carriage of haemoglobinopathy traits, and other forms of anaemia or other underlying but undiagnosed conditions. Iron deficiency anaemia has been associated with most of the common pregnancy complications including pre-eclampsia, preterm birth, antepartum and postpartum haemorrhage, low birthweight and small-for-gestational age infants, and impacts long-term neurocognitive and developmental outcomes in the offspring. Increased adverse pregnancy and perinatal outcomes are also found with high haemoglobin, thalassaemia and sickle cell traits, and the non-O blood groups especially group AB. Total white cell, neutrophil, and platelet counts and platelet indices can help to predict gestational diabetes mellitus. Results from these tests can be useful by themselves or used in combination with demographics and biomarkers to enhance the screening for high-risk pregnancies.</p>","PeriodicalId":93895,"journal":{"name":"Best practice & research. Clinical obstetrics & gynaecology","volume":" ","pages":"102537"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142482864","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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