Journal of primary care specialties : official publication of the Institute of Family Medicine and Primary Care最新文献

{"title":"Comparative evaluation of cognitive behavioral therapy and regular health education in reducing nicotine dependence among cigarette smokers: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Praveen Datla, NagarjunaPrasad Mukarla, Pavan Chiluvuri, S. Naidu, Raghudeep Darisi, K. Priya, Anudeep Kapalavayi","doi":"10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_10_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_10_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: It is important to introspect if the methods used in tobacco cessation counseling are effective in achieving abstinence and reducing nicotine dependence among tobacco users. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) at tobacco cessation clinics in a teaching dental institution in reducing nicotine dependence among dental patients with the habit of cigarette smoking in comparison to regular health education to quit tobacco. Materials and Methods: This prospective, randomized controlled trial was conducted in a teaching dental institution in the state of Andhra Pradesh. 160 self-reported current cigarette smokers with no tobacco chewing habits participated in the study. 80 each were assigned to the intervention group and control group where CBT for cessation of cigarette smoking and regular health education to quit smoking were provided, respectively. Data relating to frequency of cigarette smoking and nicotine dependence scores using Fagerstrom nicotine dependence scale were collected at baseline. Both the groups were followed up for 4 months in two-monthly intervals. IBM SPSS version 20 software was used for data analysis. Results: While there was no significant difference in the mean nicotine dependence score between the study groups at baseline, a statistically significant difference was observed between the groups at follow up visits. Repeated measures analysis of variance revealed significant reduction in nicotine dependence scores with time in the intervention group (P = 0.004), whereas the differences in the control group between different study time points were not significant (P = 0.39). It was also observed that the frequency of cigarette smoking reduced significantly between the baseline and follow-up visits in the intervention group (Cochran's Q-test; P = 0.028). Conclusion: The findings of this study provide an insight into the fact that CBT as tobacco cessation counseling technique is effective in reducing nicotine dependence among subjects seeking oral health care.","PeriodicalId":93784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of primary care specialties : official publication of the Institute of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"27 1","pages":"74 - 79"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89416956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current challenges for researchers in India","authors":"Harish Gupta, S. Verma, Satish Kumar, Medhavi Gautam","doi":"10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_9_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_9_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of primary care specialties : official publication of the Institute of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"2 1","pages":"97 - 98"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76328327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effectiveness of short-term resuscitation training programming among medical trainees of a peripheral medical college and practicing professionals","authors":"Rohini Sharma, Arvind Kumar, U. Baitha, Neeraj Swarnkar, C. Unnikrishnan, Abhinav Kumar, U. Kumar, Vishwajeet Singh, V. Vishwakarma, P. Ranjan, N. Wig","doi":"10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_6_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_6_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Resuscitation in trauma and nontrauma patients (RTNTP) is essential for prompt recognition, timely prevention, and effective management of life-threatening emergencies (LTEs). Optimal knowledge and skills of health-care providers (HCPs) are most important. Structured resuscitation training programs are lacking in peripheral districts and medical colleges to the best of our knowledge. Materials and Methods: A 3-day short training program on RTNTP was conducted in the month of February 2020 at the Bihar Orthopedic Association Conference, in which trainees from the peripheral medical colleges of the districts and practitioners participated. A preformed study questionnaire consisting of 20 questions on general awareness, knowledge, and skills was used for pre- and posttest training assessment in RTNTP among 37 participants. Results: The knowledge of resuscitation among participants improved from a score of 10.8–89.1% (range: 78.3, median: 51.3 with an interquartile range [IQR] of [16.2–68.8] 52.6) to 94.5%–100%. The same for general awareness and skill improved from scores of 5.4–91.8% (range: 86.4, median: 37.8 with an IQR of [27–72.9] 45.9) to 91.8%–100% and for skills 18.9%–67.5% (range: 48.6, median: 27 with an IQR of [67.5–18.9] 48.6) to 94.5%–100%, respectively. The availability and accessibility of RTNTP trainings are critically limited in India. Conclusion: By introducing short-term training courses regularly in the academics (wherever lacking, more so in peripheries) to HCPs, their skills for effectively managing the LTEs can be enhanced and stable changes can be made for quality care in LTEs.","PeriodicalId":93784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of primary care specialties : official publication of the Institute of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"6 1","pages":"68 - 73"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82564853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms and their associated risk factors among undergraduate nursing students in central India: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Priyanka Verma, M. Verma, B. Lahri, A. Pakhare, Sebi Das","doi":"10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_16_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_16_21","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Assessment of mental health of undergraduate Indian nursing students using Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale-21 (DASS-21) and determination of associated potential risk factors. Aims: The aim of the study was to find the prevalence of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms among undergraduate nursing students, in a tertiary care teaching hospital in Central India. The study also aimed to find out potential risk factors associated with depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms in the study population. Methodology: The study was an analytical, cross-sectional, questionnaire-based study done on undergraduate nursing students at a tertiary care teaching hospital in Central India. Data about depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms was collected by administering the DASS-21 questionnaire, to the participating individuals in English language. Prevalence of depressive, anxiety, and stress symptoms was done described in percentages. Binomial logistic regression analysis was done to find out factors associated with moderate-to-severe grade of symptoms. Results: Our study shows the prevalence of moderate to very severe depressive symptoms to be 34.1%. Similarly, prevalence of moderate to very severe anxiety and stress symptoms was found to be 61.9% and 17.7%, respectively. On doing binomial logistic regression analysis, family relationship was found to be significantly associated with depressive (P = 0.00, odds ratio [OR] 0.638 [95% confidence interval (CI) 0.877–0.464]) and stress (P = 0.002, OR 0.582 [95% CI 0.822–0.412]) symptoms. Similarly, adequate friend support was found to be significantly associated with anxiety (P = 0.04, OR 0.785 [95% CI 0.923–0.602]) and stress symptoms (P = 0.007, OR 0.645 [95% CI 0.885–0.469]). Conclusion: Our study concludes that the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms among nursing students is alarmingly high. In our study, lack of healthy family relations and lack of friend support were found to be two main risk factors associated with depression, anxiety, and stress. There is a need to acknowledge the mental health issues of nursing students and to devise strategies to tackle them efficiently.","PeriodicalId":93784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of primary care specialties : official publication of the Institute of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"284 1","pages":"80 - 84"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86396459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential manifestation of COVID-19 anxiety and adherence to precautionary measures as a function of socioeconomic status: A longitudinal study in coastal Andhra Pradesh","authors":"Pradeep Kandikatla, Roopa Pandraveti, V. Bommireddy, Raghudeep Darisi, Anudeep Kapalavayi, Srikanth Karra","doi":"10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_13_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_13_21","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: There is a possibility that the coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-related anxiety may differ between people from varied socioeconomic status for a variety of reasons. Furthermore, the adherence to COVID-19 precautionary measures could be different between socioeconomic strata in light of the differences in opportunities to more effectively follow these measures for people from different socioeconomic status. Aim and Objectives: The aim of this study was to check the differences in COVID-19 anxiety and precautionary measure adherence between subjects from different socioeconomic strata and to conduct a stratified analysis of the association between anxiety and adherence based on socioeconomic status of the participants. Materials and Methods: This longitudinal study was conducted in the months of July and November 2020 among 648 subjects belonging to the coastal districts of Andhra Pradesh. The COVID-19 Anxiety Scale (CAS) was used to assess the disease-related anxiety among the study participants, and self-reported adherence (SRA) scores were collected to document the adherence of the study subjects to COVID-19 precautionary measures. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 software. Results: Significant differences were found in the CAS scores between subjects from different socioeconomic strata in the month of July, while no such observations were made in November. For the outcome of SRA scores, there were significant differences between socioeconomic strata at both the study time points. Overall, the mean CAS and SRA scores decreased from July (20.35 ± 5.54 and 14.48 ± 3.45, respectively) to November (15.96 ± 5.67 and 12.57 ± 4.17, respectively). Conclusion: The study results highlight the need to reinforce the necessity and importance of adhering to COVID-19 precautionary measures in light of the potential danger of the second wave of COVID-19 in the country.","PeriodicalId":93784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of primary care specialties : official publication of the Institute of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"123 1","pages":"85 - 90"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78383597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feedback of postgraduate students about workshop on making an effective research paper","authors":"Uttam Paul, R. Pal, Kunja Talukdar","doi":"10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_19_20","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_19_20","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Researchers on medical educational technologies use learner's feedbacks containing strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats to develop content and form of training programs in students' learning as a universally approved concept. Objectives: The objectives were to sensitize the first-year postgraduate residents about the publication of research and collect their immediate reflection. Materials and Methods: Feedback was taken from all the 49 participants at the end of the 2-day in-house workshop on “Making an effective research paper.” The data collection tool was unlinked anonymous containing six open-ended questions for immediate postsession evaluation on their futuristic vision on implementation and was analyzed by the researchers. Results: In response to “Comments regarding the research methodology workshop,” more than half agreed on positive aspects of the workshop on improved cognition with relevant information. Overall, favored “best” sessions were “Reference writing,” “Plagiarism check,” and “Search relevant article and write the Literature review.” Regarding the avenue of improvement of the workshop, they stressed on timing of workshop before the synopsis submission of their academic year, pre distribution of reading material, and shorter lengths of sessions. Conclusions: The feedback permitted the participants to echo their candid feelings to meet their learning objective as they rated the workshop constructively for each prompt with gain in broad-based cognitive domain with hopeful attitude for intended practice in their academic growth.","PeriodicalId":93784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of primary care specialties : official publication of the Institute of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"23 2 1","pages":"63 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89485339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact of artificial intelligence and big data on the healthcare profession?","authors":"Raman K Kumar","doi":"10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_21_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_21_21","url":null,"abstract":"If one looks back on human history, there are cycles of civilizational growth and destruction. One can admire the craftsmanship and statesmanship from the past as we move forward and create the future of new complexities. We are at the crossroad of human history. Social media and digital infrastructure have already changed the social transactions of human beings forever. Intelligent robots, drones, digital monitoring, ever-evolving decision-making algorithms, consumer analytics are impacting human transaction. The rapidly enabling tech environment is bound to have a long-lasting impact on the human interface of the healthcare delivery system; the medical professionals and the healthcare workers.","PeriodicalId":93784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of primary care specialties : official publication of the Institute of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"57 1","pages":"61 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83422719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neglected Diseases in the era of COVID-19 pandemic: It's the right time to act together","authors":"Sudip Bhattacharya, S. Saleem","doi":"10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_3_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_3_21","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of primary care specialties : official publication of the Institute of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"38 1","pages":"25 - 26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87169722","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Impact on mental health among patients with COVID-19: A study from central India","authors":"Arvind Sharma, Aditi Bharti, T. Singh, Richa Sharma, Deepali Soni, P. Dubey","doi":"10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_5_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_5_21","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The objective of the study is to assess mental health status and the severity of the depression in patients of COVID-19 admitted to a tertiary care hospital in Jabalpur district. Settings and Design: This cross-sectional study was conducted over a period from April to June 2020 at the NSCB Medical College and Hospital, Jabalpur. Methodology: Out of 150 participants, 135 participants responded whereas 15 patients did not respond as some of them did not answer the calls and remaining did not give their consent. Participants included confirmed COVID-19 cases admitted at a tertiary care hospital, aged 18 years and above. The Patient Health Questionnaire-9 was used to determine depression and was completed through telephonic platform survey. Statistical Analysis Used: SPSS statistical software was used to analyze the data. P <0.05 and <0.001 with 95% confidence interval was considered statistically significant. Results: Among 135 participants, overall depression was found to be 50.4%, out of which, 29.6% were in mild depression, 8.9% were in moderate depression and 11.8% were in moderately severe to severe depression. Females had approximately four times higher risk for depressive symptoms (P <0.001), and for an age group, more than 45 was found to be significantly associated with depression. Conclusion: The present study suggested that about 50% of the people experienced depression. The significant factors found may reveal that more attention should be given to the mental health of the patients with COVID-19, imperatively with psychological care in the treatment protocol to subdue the effects of the pandemic.","PeriodicalId":93784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of primary care specialties : official publication of the Institute of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"47 1","pages":"55 - 60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74947282","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evidence-based yoga and ayurveda lifestyle practices for the geriatric population during Coronavirus Disease 2019 pandemic: A narrative","authors":"Praag Bhardwaj, Nitish Pathania, Monika Pathania, V. Rathaur","doi":"10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_4_21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4103/jopcs.jopcs_4_21","url":null,"abstract":"Coronavirus disease 2019 has had a devastating impact on global health-care systems and the economy. Scientists and medical professionals worldwide are striving to provide for vaccine cures, while the deadly virus continuously mutates and thrives. Immunity being directly co-related to multiple factors such as diet, sleep, lifestyle, and stress; elderly people are at high risk due to factors such as immunosenescence, weakened metabolism, micro-nutrient deficiency, immobility, chronic stress, and comorbidities. The elderly has had the highest morbidity and mortality rates during the pandemic and is the most neglected in general. Holistic and integrative approaches need to be researched for finding safe and risk-free ways that may help counter immune suppression and prevent the vulnerable from getting infected. Yoga and Ayurveda have shown promising results in this regard, although among populations varying in age and health status. However, good-quality clinical trials are needed to strengthen the evidence of yoga for geriatric immunity as online databases of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Embase showed a paucity of studies when searched for related keywords. Similarly, several aspects of Ayurveda, especially Ahara/food, have vast yet unexplored applications in immune strengthening and developing physical and mental resilience. Primary care physicians can utilize these time-tested techniques as lifestyle modifications along with the standard pharmacological treatment for fulfilling the health-care needs of their patients, especially for the vulnerable elderly, which is the pressing need during this pandemic.","PeriodicalId":93784,"journal":{"name":"Journal of primary care specialties : official publication of the Institute of Family Medicine and Primary Care","volume":"144 1","pages":"38 - 47"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80430064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}