Computers, materials & continua最新文献

{"title":"A Machine Learning-Based Attack Detection and Prevention System in Vehicular Named Data Networking","authors":"Arif Hussain Magsi, Ali Ghulam, Saifullah Memon, Khalid Javeed, Musaed Alhussein, Imad Rida","doi":"10.32604/cmc.2023.040290","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.040290","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93535,"journal":{"name":"Computers, materials & continua","volume":"93 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135650132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chinese Cyber Threat Intelligence Named Entity Recognition via RoBERTa-wwm-RDCNN-CRF","authors":"Zhen Zhen, Jian Gao","doi":"10.32604/cmc.2023.042090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.042090","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93535,"journal":{"name":"Computers, materials & continua","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135838914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Detecting and Mitigating DDOS Attacks in SDNs Using Deep Neural Network","authors":"Gul Nawaz, Muhammad Junaid, Adnan Akhunzada, Abdullah Gani, Shamyla Nawazish, Asim Yaqub, Adeel Ahmed, Huma Ajab","doi":"10.32604/cmc.2023.026952","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.026952","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93535,"journal":{"name":"Computers, materials & continua","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135704804","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retraction:A Hybrid Modified Sine CosineAlgorithm Using Inverse Filtering andClipping Methods forLow AutocorrelationBinary Sequences","authors":"Siti Julia Rosli","doi":"10.32604/cmc.2023.045533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.045533","url":null,"abstract":"Cite This Article S. J. Rosli, H. A. Rahim, K. N. A. Rani, R. Ngadiran, W. A. Mustafa et al., \"Retraction: a hybrid modified sine cosinealgorithm using inverse filtering andclipping methods forlow autocorrelationbinary sequences,\" Computers, Materials & Continua, vol. 76, no.2, pp. 2571–2571, 2023. BibTex EndNote RIS","PeriodicalId":93535,"journal":{"name":"Computers, materials & continua","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135103159","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Convolution-Based Heterogeneous Activation Facility for Effective Machine Learning of ECG Signals","authors":"Premanand S., Sathiya Narayanan","doi":"10.32604/cmc.2023.042590","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.042590","url":null,"abstract":"Machine Learning (ML) and Deep Learning (DL) technologies are revolutionizing the medical domain, especially with Electrocardiogram (ECG), by providing new tools and techniques for diagnosing, treating, and preventing diseases. However, DL architectures are computationally more demanding. In recent years, researchers have focused on combining the computationally less intensive portion of the DL architectures with ML approaches, say for example, combining the convolutional layer blocks of Convolution Neural Networks (CNNs) into ML algorithms such as Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) and K-Nearest Neighbor (KNN) resulting in CNN-XGBoost and CNN-KNN, respectively. However, these approaches are homogenous in the sense that they use a fixed Activation Function (AFs) in the sequence of convolution and pooling layers, thereby limiting the ability to capture unique features. Since various AFs are readily available and each could capture unique features, we propose a Convolution-based Heterogeneous Activation Facility (CHAF) which uses multiple AFs in the convolution layer blocks, one for each block, with a motivation of extracting features in a better manner to improve the accuracy. The proposed CHAF approach is validated on PTB and shown to outperform the homogeneous approaches such as CNN-KNN and CNN-XGBoost. For PTB dataset, proposed CHAF-KNN has an accuracy of 99.55% and an F1 score of 99.68% in just 0.008 s, outperforming the state-of-the-art CNN-XGBoost which has an accuracy of 99.38% and an F1 score of 99.32% in 1.23 s. To validate the generality of the proposed CHAF, experiments were repeated on MIT-BIH dataset, and the proposed CHAF-KNN is shown to outperform CNN-KNN and CNN-XGBoost.","PeriodicalId":93535,"journal":{"name":"Computers, materials & continua","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135317110","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Robust Conformer-Based Speech Recognition Model for Mandarin Air Traffic Control","authors":"Peiyuan Jiang, Weijun Pan, Jian Zhang, Teng Wang, Junxiang Huang","doi":"10.32604/cmc.2023.041772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.041772","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to address the deviation in downstream tasks caused by inaccurate recognition results when applying Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) technology in the Air Traffic Control (ATC) field. This paper presents a novel cascaded model architecture, namely Conformer-CTC/Attention-T5 (CCAT), to build a highly accurate and robust ATC speech recognition model. To tackle the challenges posed by noise and fast speech rate in ATC, the Conformer model is employed to extract robust and discriminative speech representations from raw waveforms. On the decoding side, the Attention mechanism is integrated to facilitate precise alignment between input features and output characters. The Text-To-Text Transfer Transformer (T5) language model is also introduced to handle particular pronunciations and code-mixing issues, providing more accurate and concise textual output for downstream tasks. To enhance the model’s robustness, transfer learning and data augmentation techniques are utilized in the training strategy. The model’s performance is optimized by performing hyperparameter tunings, such as adjusting the number of attention heads, encoder layers, and the weights of the loss function. The experimental results demonstrate the significant contributions of data augmentation, hyperparameter tuning, and error correction models to the overall model performance. On the Our ATC Corpus dataset, the proposed model achieves a Character Error Rate (CER) of 3.44%, representing a 3.64% improvement compared to the baseline model. Moreover, the effectiveness of the proposed model is validated on two publicly available datasets. On the AISHELL-1 dataset, the CCAT model achieves a CER of 3.42%, showcasing a 1.23% improvement over the baseline model. Similarly, on the LibriSpeech dataset, the CCAT model achieves a Word Error Rate (WER) of 5.27%, demonstrating a performance improvement of 7.67% compared to the baseline model. Additionally, this paper proposes an evaluation criterion for assessing the robustness of ATC speech recognition systems. In robustness evaluation experiments based on this criterion, the proposed model demonstrates a performance improvement of 22% compared to the baseline model.","PeriodicalId":93535,"journal":{"name":"Computers, materials & continua","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135317296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Recognizing Breast Cancer Using Edge-Weighted Texture Features of Histopathology Images","authors":"Arslan Akram, Javed Rashid, Fahima Hajjej, Sobia Yaqoob, Muhammad Hamid, Asma Arshad, Nadeem Sarwar","doi":"10.32604/cmc.2023.041558","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.041558","url":null,"abstract":"Around one in eight women will be diagnosed with breast cancer at some time. Improved patient outcomes necessitate both early detection and an accurate diagnosis. Histological images are routinely utilized in the process of diagnosing breast cancer. Methods proposed in recent research only focus on classifying breast cancer on specific magnification levels. No study has focused on using a combined dataset with multiple magnification levels to classify breast cancer. A strategy for detecting breast cancer is provided in the context of this investigation. Histopathology image texture data is used with the wavelet transform in this technique. The proposed method comprises converting histopathological images from Red Green Blue (RGB) to Chrominance of Blue and Chrominance of Red (YCBCR), utilizing a wavelet transform to extract texture information, and classifying the images with Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBOOST). Furthermore, SMOTE has been used for resampling as the dataset has imbalanced samples. The suggested method is evaluated using 10-fold cross-validation and achieves an accuracy of 99.27% on the BreakHis 1.0 40X dataset, 98.95% on the BreakHis 1.0 100X dataset, 98.92% on the BreakHis 1.0 200X dataset, 98.78% on the BreakHis 1.0 400X dataset, and 98.80% on the combined dataset. The findings of this study imply that improved breast cancer detection rates and patient outcomes can be achieved by combining wavelet transformation with textural signals to detect breast cancer in histopathology images.","PeriodicalId":93535,"journal":{"name":"Computers, materials & continua","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135317301","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Liver Tumor Prediction with Advanced Attention Mechanisms Integrated into a Depth-Based Variant Search Algorithm","authors":"P. Kalaiselvi, S. Anusuya","doi":"10.32604/cmc.2023.040264","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.040264","url":null,"abstract":"In recent days, Deep Learning (DL) techniques have become an emerging transformation in the field of machine learning, artificial intelligence, computer vision, and so on. Subsequently, researchers and industries have been highly endorsed in the medical field, predicting and controlling diverse diseases at specific intervals. Liver tumor prediction is a vital chore in analyzing and treating liver diseases. This paper proposes a novel approach for predicting liver tumors using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and a depth-based variant search algorithm with advanced attention mechanisms (CNN-DS-AM). The proposed work aims to improve accuracy and robustness in diagnosing and treating liver diseases. The anticipated model is assessed on a Computed Tomography (CT) scan dataset containing both benign and malignant liver tumors. The proposed approach achieved high accuracy in predicting liver tumors, outperforming other state-of-the-art methods. Additionally, advanced attention mechanisms were incorporated into the CNN model to enable the identification and highlighting of regions of the CT scans most relevant to predicting liver tumors. The results suggest that incorporating attention mechanisms and a depth-based variant search algorithm into the CNN model is a promising approach for improving the accuracy and robustness of liver tumor prediction. It can assist radiologists in their diagnosis and treatment planning. The proposed system achieved a high accuracy of 95.5% in predicting liver tumors, outperforming other state-of-the-art methods.","PeriodicalId":93535,"journal":{"name":"Computers, materials & continua","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135317498","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SmokerViT: A Transformer-Based Method for Smoker Recognition","authors":"Ali Khan, Somaiya Khan, Bilal Hassan, Rizwan Khan, Zhonglong Zheng","doi":"10.32604/cmc.2023.040251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.040251","url":null,"abstract":"Smoking has an economic and environmental impact on society due to the toxic substances it emits. Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) need help describing low-level features and can miss important information. Moreover, accurate smoker detection is vital with minimum false alarms. To answer the issue, the researchers of this paper have turned to a self-attention mechanism inspired by the ViT, which has displayed state-of-the-art performance in the classification task. To effectively enforce the smoking prohibition in non-smoking locations, this work presents a Vision Transformer-inspired model called SmokerViT for detecting smokers. Moreover, this research utilizes a locally curated dataset of 1120 images evenly distributed among the two classes (Smoking and NotSmoking). Further, this research performs augmentations on the smoker detection dataset to have many images with various representations to overcome the dataset size limitation. Unlike convolutional operations used in most existing works, the proposed SmokerViT model employs a self-attention mechanism in the Transformer block, making it suitable for the smoker classification problem. Besides, this work integrates the multi-layer perceptron head block in the SmokerViT model, which contains dense layers with rectified linear activation and linear kernel regularizer with L2 for the recognition task. This work presents an exhaustive analysis to prove the efficiency of the proposed SmokerViT model. The performance of the proposed SmokerViT performance is evaluated and compared with the existing methods, where it achieves an overall classification accuracy of 97.77%, with 98.21% recall and 97.35% precision, outperforming the state-of-the-art deep learning models, including convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and other vision transformer-based models.","PeriodicalId":93535,"journal":{"name":"Computers, materials & continua","volume":"86 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135317501","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Intelligent Service Search Model Using Emerging Technologies","authors":"Farhan Amin, Gyu Sang Choi","doi":"10.32604/cmc.2023.040693","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32604/cmc.2023.040693","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, the Internet of Things (IoT) has played a vital role in providing various services to users in a smart city. However, searching for services, objects, data, and frameworks remains a concern. The technological advancements in Cyber-Physical Systems (CPSs) and the Social Internet of Things (SIoT) open a new era of research. Thus, we propose a Cyber-Physical-Social Systems (CPSs) for service search. Herein, service search and object discovery operation carries with the suitable selection of friends in the network. Our proposed model constructs a graph and performs social network analysis (SNA). We suggest degree centrality, clustering, and scale-free emergence and show that a rational selection of friends per service exploration increases the overall network navigability. The efficiency of our proposed system is verified using real-world datasets based on service processing time, path length, giant component, and network diameter. The simulation results proved that our proposed system is efficient, robust, and scalable.","PeriodicalId":93535,"journal":{"name":"Computers, materials & continua","volume":"2015 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135317502","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}