Archives of epidemiology最新文献

{"title":"Analysis of Predictors for Spinal Fusion in Degenerative Lumbar Stenosis in Chile Based on Diagnosis-Related Groups","authors":"","doi":"10.29011/2577-2252.100150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2252.100150","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93522,"journal":{"name":"Archives of epidemiology","volume":"32 25","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139389291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 Contamination, Changes in Work Routine and the Impacts on the Mental Health of Primary Care Professionals in Salvador-Ba, Brazil, 2022","authors":"Erica Santana D´Agostino, Sandra Garrido de Barros, Maria Isabel Pereira Vianna, Maria Cristina, Teixeira Cangussu","doi":"10.29011/2577-2252.100149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2252.100149","url":null,"abstract":"Work","PeriodicalId":93522,"journal":{"name":"Archives of epidemiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47020879","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Relationship between Pollen, Air Pollution and Asthma Exacerbations in Children in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania: A Case-Crossover Analysis","authors":"","doi":"10.29011/2577-2252.100048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2252.100048","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93522,"journal":{"name":"Archives of epidemiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69478272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sero-prevalence findings from metropoles in Pakistan: implications for assessing COVID-19 prevalence and case-fatality within a dense, urban working population","authors":"W. Javed, J. B. Baqar, S. Abidi, W. Farooq","doi":"10.1101/2020.08.13.20173914","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.08.13.20173914","url":null,"abstract":"Population-level serologic testing has demonstrated groundbreaking results in monitoring the prevalence and case-fatality of COVID-19 within a population. In Pakistan, Getz Pharma conducted a sero-prevalence survey on a sample of 24,210 individuals using the IgG/IgM Test Kit (Colloidal gold) with follow-up and sequential testing after every 15-20 days on a sub-sample. This is the first of its kind, large scale census conducted on a dense, urban, working population in Pakistan. The study results reveal that from 24,210 individuals screened, 17.5% tested positive, with 7% IgM positive, 6.0% IgG positive and 4.5% combined IgM and IgG positive. These findings have been extrapolated to the rest of the urban, adult, working population of Pakistan, and as of 6th July, 2020, 4.11 million people in Pakistan have been infected with COVID-19, which is 17.7 times higher than the current number of 231,818 symptom-based PCR cases reported by the government which exclude asymptomatic cases.","PeriodicalId":93522,"journal":{"name":"Archives of epidemiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48928435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Age-Related Trends in the Prevalence of Type 2 Diabetes among Japanese and White and Black American Adults.","authors":"C. Coe, V. Tsenkova, G. Love, N. Kawakami, Mayumi Karasawa, S. Kitayama, H. Markus, C. Ryff","doi":"10.29011/2577-2252.100042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2252.100042","url":null,"abstract":"Aim To compare the prevalence of poor glycemic control in probability samples of Japanese and American adults, and to determine the association with their somatic phenotypes. Material and Methods Blood samples and anthropometric measures were obtained from 382 Japanese, 32-79 years of age, randomly selected to reflect the 23 wards of Tokyo. HA1c values were compared to 1215 Americans, 35-86 years of age, from a national study across the 48 continental states, along with an over-sampling of African-Americans from one city (www.midus.wisc.edu). Body Mass Index (BMI) and Waist-hip ratio (WHR) were also assessed. Results Many Japanese now have high HA1c approaching Caucasian-American levels, although elevated HA1c (>6.5%, 48 mmol/mol) is not nearly as prevalent as among African-Americans. Significant age-related trends were evident in both countries, with poor glycemic control occurring at younger ages in males and rarely found until old age in Japanese women. Japanese had higher HA1c levels at BMIs of 23-25, in contrast to Americans with Type 2 diabetes who more typically had a BMI over 30. Central adiposity predicted HA1c levels better than BMI, a relationship also apparent at a smaller WHR in Japan. Conclusion The prevalence of high HA1c in Tokyo almost rivals white Americans, but those statistics are dwarfed by the 37% of Afr-Amer adults identified with Type 2 diabetes. Elevated HA1c was more common in men, reflecting central adiposity, but poor glycemic control was also widespread among overweight Afr-Amer women. Type 2 diabetes was higher among older Japanese, when more women succumb. Overall, the findings highlight the societal and clinical challenges posed by demographic trends in both countries.","PeriodicalId":93522,"journal":{"name":"Archives of epidemiology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69477134","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessing Climate Related Kidney Disease in Palm Beach County, Florida","authors":"","doi":"10.29011/2577-2252.100046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2252.100046","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":93522,"journal":{"name":"Archives of epidemiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69478266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pregnancy Outcome Among Iraqi Soldiers & Civilians in Iraq and Gulf War 1991","authors":"H. Jamil, Thamer Hamdanm, S. Rawaf, E. Dubois, S. S. Yaso, Suhair Aljoboori, Sawsan W Jamil, B. Arnetz","doi":"10.29011/2577-2252.101032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2252.101032","url":null,"abstract":"Context: Although Iraqis were exposed to very severe conditions during the 1991 Gulf War, we have very little information on the effect of distance from the war zone on the outcomes of pregnancy and congenital anomalies in children. Aim: To determine if pregnancy outcomes vary by distance from the 1991Gulf War battle zone. Methods: The study sample consisted of men between the ages 18-45 years and residents within 360 kilometres in Iraqi providences of Basra & Messan at time of 1991 Gulf War. During 2002, 720 out of 1150 participant were enrolled in the study because they were married and had at least one child. We divided the population study into two main groups: battle and non-battle zone and studied the effects of war on pregnancy outcomes. Results: Congenital anomalies in the non-battle zones appear to be significantly higher, which implies that the impact of war was not restricted to the war zone. Conclusion: There is no relationship between geographical closeness to Kuwait and adverse pregnancy outcome.","PeriodicalId":93522,"journal":{"name":"Archives of epidemiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46133966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Addiction like Behaviour of Mobile Phone Using Medical Students of Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Sri Amritsar","authors":"A. Kahlon, S. L. Mahajan","doi":"10.29011/2577-2252.000031","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2252.000031","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences and Research is a tertiary health care institution. The adoption of mobile phones promotes an addiction-like behaviour and is evolving as a public health problem that renders them at risk of developing addictions. Aim and Objective: To study and compare the addiction like behaviour of mobile phone using adolescent and young adult medical students of SGRDIMSAR. Material and Methods: This was a cross sectional type of study conducted amongst adolescent (age < 19years) and young adult (age >19 years) medical students of SGRDIMSAR, Sri Amritsar from October 2018 to January 2019 upon 412 medical students willing to participate in the study. These medical students were divided into two groups i.e. adolescents and young adults. A series of 20 standardised questions having two responses i.e. agree and disagree was used to assess their addiction like behaviour. The effects of mobile phone on it’s users were divided into following groups i.e. Anxiety, Lack of control, Lack of priority for urgent matters, Trouble caused to mobile phone user and other addiction like effects of mobile phone use. These were analyzed statistically by applying the ꭓ2 test and the valid conclusions were drawn. Results: Total 412 medical students of SGRDIMSAR were studied. Among these students 102 (24.7%) were the adolescents and 310 (75.3%) were young adults. Among the 20 questions related to the addiction like behaviour of the medical students using the mobile phones, for the 19 questions, higher percentage of young adults was found than the adolescents who agreed for the questions asked. For question regarding complaining by friends and family about their excessive mobile phone use higher number and percentage, 163 (55.8%) of adolescents agreed as compared to young adults, 57 (52.5%), that was contrary to the responses given by them to the other questions. Conclusion: Higher percentage had shown the addiction like behaviour in young adults than adolescents due mobile phone use. This might be due to the reason that they had higher age; thus they might have used the mobile phones for the longer period of time. It is recommended that further studies should be conducted on smartphone users and large sample size of study subjects should be taken. Now among the students using mobile phones/smartphones; as both are in use now, early diagnosis and management of addiction like behavior should be done.","PeriodicalId":93522,"journal":{"name":"Archives of epidemiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69476386","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"MCR-1 and MCR-1.5 Producing Escherichia coli Clinical Isolates from Argentina","authors":"L. Dabos, M. Nastro, R. Bonnin, Á. Famiglietti, L. Dortet, C. Rodríguez, T. Naas","doi":"10.29011/2577-2252.000033","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2252.000033","url":null,"abstract":"Due to the paucity of remaining antibiotics for treating infections caused by carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae, polymyxins have become the last resort antibiotics. As a consequence, colistin resistance is increasingly reported worldwide. The aim of this study was to analyze colistin-resistant E. coli clinical isolates, recovered between 2014 and 2016 at the University Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina. Nine clinical colistin resistant E. coli isolates were studied. These isolates were recovered from urine samples of 5 inpatients and 4 outpatients. Whole genome sequencing was performed using Illumina technology. Plasmid characterization and mating-out assay was done using E. coli J53 as receptor strain. Antibiotic susceptibility (MIC) of clinical isolates and their transconjugants was determined using broth microdilution method. WGS analysis revealed the presence of mcr-1 gene in six out of the 9 isolates: 4 isolates carried mcr-1 and 2 carried mcr-1.5 alleles. All the clinical isolates had MIC values for colistin in the range of 4-16 mg/L. The three isolates lacking any mcr variant, presented point mutations in the chromosomal pmrA or pmrB genes. The mcr-1 gene were located on plasmids similar to the prototypical Incl2-type (KY471308, pMCR-M15049) differing only by little deletions. Until this date mcr-1.5 allele was reported once in Argentina and in Japan, suggested a transcontinental dissemination of this variant.","PeriodicalId":93522,"journal":{"name":"Archives of epidemiology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69477396","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Ecosystem Approach to Address Infection with Leishmania Major in Central Tunisia","authors":"H. Bellali, F. Saffar, N. Alaya, I. Nouiri, J. Ghrab, M. Chahed","doi":"10.29011/2577-2252.000028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29011/2577-2252.000028","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cutaneous leishmaniasis is endemic in many parts of the world. There are about twenty different species of Leishmania capable of infecting humans. The distribution of cutaneous leishmaniasis is very closely related to the geographical characteristics and the ecological specificities of the endemic areas. Zoonotic Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (ZCL) is the most common form of leishmaniasis in Tunisia. We used Eco Health Approach to understand if and how farming practices in two communities in Central Tunisia affect farmers’ exposure to P. papatasi, the vector of ZCL. Methods: We reviewed irrigation records and conducted site visits and interviews with community members and entomological investigation in 2 rural areas (Hichria and Ouled Mhamed) in Sidi Bouzid, Central Tunisia. Results: In Hichria, relatively intensive farming, combined with inefficient surface irrigation technology and limited irrigation capacity, results in a need for nighttime irrigation activity. In Ouled Mhamed (Bir Badr), farmers used more efficient sprinkler and drip irrigation techniques. The aging infrastructure and limited economic opportunities from farming have discouraged investment in more intensive agriculture. Farming is mostly limited to end-of-season olive production. Local demand for irrigation is easily met in daytime hours. In Hichria, female P. papatasi was present in the irrigation zone and in livestock shelters nighttime. Leishmania DNA was detected in 20 of 241 females in this area including 8 in the irrigated zone. Farming practices in Hichria require farmers to irrigate at night, increasing their exposure to the ZCL vector and hence their risk of infection. In nearby Ouled Mhamed, because of different farming practices, farmers do not engage in nighttime irrigation and thus do not face this same exposure. Conclusion: Economic strategies (e.g. intensity of agriculture, crop choices, and animal husbandry), technology (e.g. surface vs. drip irrigation) and institutional arrangements (e.g. community responses to meet irrigation needs) may be important human environment determinants of ZCL risk. Interventions targeting these same factors may help reduce risks of ZCL infection, complementary to more conventional vector control and case detection and treatment, where they exist. Citation: Bellali H, Saffar F, Ben Alaya Bouafif N, Nouiri I, Ghrab J, et al. (2019) Using Ecosystem Approach to Address Infection with Leishmania Major in Central Tunisia. Arch Epidemiol 3: 1028. DOI: 10.29011/2577-2252.101028 2 Volume 3; Issue 01 Arch Epidemiol, an open access journal ISSN: 2577-2252 Author Summary Research on the ZCL in Tunisia has mostly focused on • disease epidemiology, including more recently on its ecoepidemiology and the environmental determinants of risk, and on clinical research. There has been virtually no attention to the human environmental determinants of risk. This paper is the first-ever research work, using Eco Health approach, to study the effect ","PeriodicalId":93522,"journal":{"name":"Archives of epidemiology","volume":"201 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"69476332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}