Journal of medicine and healthcare最新文献

{"title":"Sickle - Cell Disease","authors":"S. Phadnis","doi":"10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)162","url":null,"abstract":"Sickle cell disease is a common inherited, multisystem, monogenic disorder of red blood cells (erythrocytes) caused due to polymorphic changes in hemoglobin. The most commonly known condition; Sickle cell anemia wherein there aren’t enough healthy RBCs to carry adequate oxygen throughout the body is considered to be a common form if Sickle-cell disease. Other type of Sickle cell disease is Hemoglobin SC disease (HbSC) caused due to inheritance of beta s and beta c alleles. The third type of such disease is HbS thalassemia caused due to beta-thalassemia mutation in the beta-globin gene leading to Sickle hemoglobin (HbS). Polymerization of HbS due to presence of fetal hemoglobin in the erythrocytes that in turn reduces the concentration of HbS which becomes the prominent determinant to check the severity of the disease. Reduced concentrations of HbS also reduce hemolysis that prevents acute vaso- occlusion. This pain is caused as the irregular shaped RBCs and WBCs get entrapped in the small blood vessels causing vascular obstruction and tissue ischemia. HbS polymerization can also lead to hemolytic anemia which is a state where in rate of RBC destruction is faster than formation; such patients are likely to develop vasculopathy. During the process of hemolysis, hemoglobin is released into plasma that inhibits endothelial nitric oxide signaling causing endothelial cell dysfunction. Hemolysis is also associated with formation of erythrocyte microvesicles that acts as a activator of tissue factor. Malaria is considered to cause HbS. Sickle cell disease is found to be highest in the African continent mostly affecting the new borns. The cause of deaths is hug in Africa due to poor diagnostic facilities. Measures taken against H influenzae and S pneumoniae that is profoundly detected in African children with Sickle cell disease can help reduce the disease proximity. Implementation of early life screening can thereby be effective in this case.","PeriodicalId":93468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicine and healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48063114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eicosapentaenoic Acid Based Therapies: Fish Facts and Stories","authors":"A. Kuchkuntla, Sri Harsha Patllola","doi":"10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)161","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)161","url":null,"abstract":"The significant hypo-lipidemic, anti-thrombotic and anti-inflammatory features of EPA created extensive interest in preventive cardiology from the early 90s, since then several clinical studies were conducted to study the mechanisms and benefits of fish oil use. Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are essential FAs therefore, they must be provided in diet or in the form of supplements. The supplements are low dose combinations of EPA and DHA have no significant benefits in terms of CVD prevention in clinical trials. However, a high dose Ethyl ester formulation of EPA has shown a 25% reduction of major adverse coronary events in the secondary prevention. Cardio-protective potential of EPA is attributed to its triglyceride lowering effect, reduction in inflammatory markers, improving coronary plaque stability, anti-platelet effect and improvements of over-all metabolic profile. We intend to provide preventive and therapeutic potentials of EPA in CVD, mechanisms of cardio protection, available evidence and future trails.","PeriodicalId":93468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicine and healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41285468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Motor Skill Training on Balance and Hand – Eye Coordination in Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD)","authors":"A. R","doi":"10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)164","url":null,"abstract":"Background: ADHD or Attention Deficit Hyperactive disorder is one of the most common condition affecting children. It is a neuro behavioural disorder affecting boys more than girls with a ratio of 3:1 and it affects almost 3 to 6 percentage of school children. There are limited number of studies on motor skill training to improve attention, balance and hand eye coordination. Methodology: Quasi Experimental, Convenient sampling, sample size was 30. The Participants for the study were selected based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and experimental group followed 6 weeks of motor skill training exercise along with conventional physiotherapy. Conclusion: The results of this study showed post-test values of paediatric balance scale, nine-hole peg board test and gross motor functional measure of experimental and control group has a p value < 0.05 which is statistically significant. The study concludes that, motor skill training on attention deficit hyperactivity disorder shows significant improvement in balance and hand eye coordination.","PeriodicalId":93468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicine and healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47130168","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Fat and Energy Content of Steeped, Germinated and Unprocessed Maize Grains Meant For Complementary Feeding In Nigeria","authors":"E. Adeyeye","doi":"10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)159","url":null,"abstract":"Household technologies such as fermentation, soaking, roasting and malting are traditionally used in many societies with the assumption that they can contribute to improving the safety and quality of complementary foods. To observe the dietary lipid quality, unprocessed, steeped and germinated maize grains were used to evaluate their effect on the enhancement of fatty acids, phospholipids and phytosterols. Maize samples were denoted as B1 (unprocessed) B2 (sprouted) and B3 (steeped) maize. In crude fat, B2 was enhanced by 0.47g/100g (9.23%). Calculated fatty acids had values (g/100g) of:B1(3.66) B3(3.63). Highest levels of these fatty acids were observed as follows: SFA(B2, 27.2%), MUFA(B1,34.7%) and PUFA(B1,47.0%); but B3 was more concentrated in MUFA and PUFA than B2 but less than B1.Both oleic and linoleic fatty acids slightly increased during steeping stage of malting but later declined during germination phase particularly oleic acid. Total energy density (kcal/100g) concentration in the samples with the percentage linoleic acid had these values: B1(32.9, 43.7%), B2(36.0, 37.2%) and B3(32.7, 41.9%). Total phytosterol (mg/100g) values were low: B1(52.3), B2(43.7) and B3(45.1) with sitosterol predominating in all: 33.5 > 28.8 < 29.6 respectively. In phospholipids, values were generally higher than the phytosterols as we have total values (mg/100g) of: B1(74.4); B2(71.3) and B3(62.0) with phosphatidylinositol predominating in all samples: 25.5 > 25.1 > 22.4 respectively. Raw maize sample had highest concentration of phospholipids, phytosterols, MUFA and PUFA. The declines in B2 and B3 in the above parameters suggested that lipids were used for biochemical processes. However, B3 was better concentrated than B2 in phytosterols, MUFA, PUFA, linoleic and oleic acids. This showed germination reduced fat content due to hydrolysis and utilization of fat as an energy source in germination. Observations had depicted the contribution of maize to presence of high level phosphatidylinositol and sitosterol to the infant. It also contributed to information on discrepancies on the effect of fermentation/ germination on cereal lipids in literature. Either steeped or sprouted maize is good as complementary food.","PeriodicalId":93468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicine and healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47371601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Gene Therapy Shows Promise Against Sickle – Cell Disease","authors":"S. Phadnis","doi":"10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)163","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)163","url":null,"abstract":"Sickle Cell Disease (SCD) is a genetic blood disorder which is characterized by presence of abnormal hemoglobin (HbS) allele along with a second allele that can cause polymerization of such abnormal molecule. The state arises due to a genetic mutation that distorts red blood cells into sickle shaped. Sickle cells block red blood cells from passing through the blood vessels and prevent the supply of oxygen that results into severe complications like anemia, hypertension and organ failure","PeriodicalId":93468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicine and healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43194796","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"How to Decrease the Cost of Healthcare","authors":"R. Yanushevsky","doi":"10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)165","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)165","url":null,"abstract":"Healthcare is among the most important issues for Americans since the U.S. healthcase system is the most expensive in the world. Public spending, including governmental spending, social health insurance, and compulsory private insurance constitutes the largest source of healthcare spending. By analyzing the reasons of high healthcare costs the paper contributes to the ongoing policy debates how to improve the current healthcare system","PeriodicalId":93468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicine and healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47002878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fatal Multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS) in a young adult following a recent mild Covid-19","authors":"Mahathi Gopalakrishnan","doi":"10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)158","url":null,"abstract":"Corona virus disease (COVID19) has been evolving with different spectrum of illness over time. Recently, Multi system Inflammatory syndrome (MIS), a hyper inflammatory immune response has been observed after recovery from COVID, and is described in children. Here we present a young adult with Multi system inflammatory syndrome post an asymptomatic COVID infection with a rapidly worsening clinical course. Shock, gastrointestinal symptoms are described in most adults with multisystem inflammatory syndrome (MIS-A), while respiratory involvement is minimal, whereas the patient we are reporting here had severe respiratory involvement and fulminant course. As the case reports of MIS-A is being reported majority of cases are not diagnosed in time. Increased awareness about this condition is essential, as timely immunomodulatory therapy is therapeutically life saving","PeriodicalId":93468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicine and healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47114303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Genetic Basis of Hypertension","authors":"Michalopoulou Helena, Stamatis Foivos-Konstantinos","doi":"10.47363/JMHC/2021(3)152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/JMHC/2021(3)152","url":null,"abstract":"Hypertension (HTN) is one of the major risk factors for almost all cardiovascular diseases including coronary artery disease, stroke, heart failure and renal failure. Nonetheless , blood pressure (BP) regulation is insufficient due to its multifactorial nature involving interactions among genetic, environmental, mechanistic and neuroendocrine factors. Essential hypertension is the most frequent diagnosis indicating that a monocausal etiology has not been identified. The identification of causal genetic determinants has been unfulfilling. Analyses of rare monogenic syndromes of HTN focusing on renal sodium handling and steroid hormone metabolism have proved the well-defined genetic frame of hypertension though they do not affect the normal distribution of BP in the general population. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have revealed genetic variants that are associated with BP with small effect size which cumulatively explain to a very small extend the variability of BP. New large-scale studies in the genomic arena will clarify the polygenic determinants of BP and open a perspective on translation of the progression in BP genetics to clinical use","PeriodicalId":93468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicine and healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42281464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Physicochemical Properties of Selected Local Medicinal Soups Consumed in Southwest Nigeria","authors":"Buraimoh Samuel Osaretin, Adeniyi Adejoke Deborah","doi":"10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)147","url":null,"abstract":"Cottonseed (Gossypium herbaceum), bitter leaf (Vernonia) amydalina), cashew leaf (Anacardium occidentale), Piper nigrum (black pepper) and scent leaf (Ocimumgratissimum) are major ingredients used in preparation of the local soups namely; ‘koroowu soup’, ‘black soup’, ‘cashew leaf soup’ and ‘ewe luje soup’ consumed in certain parts of Nigeria. The ingredients for the soups were sorted according to the local preparations, separately blended into a paste and were either cooked or uncooked. The pastes were subjected to physicochemical (proximate, pH, total titratable acidity, mineral, phytochemical, antioxidant) and antimicrobial assays. The results showed that the cooked and uncooked pastes from these soups had pH ranged from 4.38-5.89, total titratable acidity (TTA) (0.05%-0.37%), moisture (9.30%-24.75%) and ash content (3.41%-7.17%). However, it was observed that the soup pastes were high in protein (10.39%-12.64%), fibre (13.82%-20.48%) and fat (21.11%-34.47%). The mineral content of the soups revealed that calcium ranged from 1.24ppm8.74 ppm, zinc (1.3 ppm-1.65 ppm), potassium (4.04 ppm-20.94 ppm) and sodium content (14.27 ppm-67.00 ppm). The phytochemical composition of the pastes showed that saponin (4.59mg/g-62.91 mg/g) was the highest, followed by phytate (15.24 mg/g-61.39 mg/g), alkaloid (0mg/g-27.84 mg/g), tannin (2.39 mg/g-6.57 mg/g), oxalate (0.72 mg/g-2.12 mg/g). The soup samples were found to exhibit free radical scavenging property (DPPH) of 30.0%-100%, 2,2’-azino-bis(3-methylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging ability (70.0-100%), and ferric reducing power (2.73 mg/g-20 mg/g). However, the aqueous extract from the soup pastes could not inhibit the growth of microorganism tested. Further studies should be carried out to identify the bioactive compounds responsible for the antioxidant activities recorded from the soup pastes.","PeriodicalId":93468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicine and healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47534135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prospective Studies are Required to Assess the Prevalence/Incidence of Neuro-Covid","authors":"J. Finsterer, F. Scorza","doi":"10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.47363/jmhc/2021(3)153","url":null,"abstract":"Letter to the Editor With interest we read the article by Khedr et al. about a retrospective cohort study of 117 patients with neuro-COVID collected during a three months period in Upper Egypt [1]. It was found that stroke was the most frequent central nervous system (CNS) manifestation of neuro-COVID in this cohort and that anosmia/ageusia was the most frequent peripheral nervous system (PNS) manifestation of neuro-COVID [1]. The study is appealing but raises the following comments and concerns.","PeriodicalId":93468,"journal":{"name":"Journal of medicine and healthcare","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44210915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}