Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America最新文献

{"title":"Cover","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bes2.2084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bes2.2084","url":null,"abstract":"<p><b>COVER PHOTO:</b> A moose (<i>Alces alces</i>) stands in a young Norway spruce (<i>Picea abies</i>) production forest. As described in Felton et al. (https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4377), consumption of agricultural root crops (provided as supplementary food by humans) was correlated with more browsing on and consumption of Norway spruce by moose. Moose are the largest free-ranging herbivores in the boreal forest ecosystem, and moose browsing can exert significant pressure on forests. This photo was taken by Jorgen Wiklund at a study site in Sweden, where spruce-dominated forests are common. Additional images appear in this issue of the Bulletin's Photo Gallery.\u0000\u0000 <figure>\u0000 <div><picture>\u0000 <source></source></picture><p></p>\u0000 </div>\u0000 </figure>\u0000 </p>","PeriodicalId":93418,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","volume":"105 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bes2.2084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Unveiling the Mysteries of Bamboo: The Grass that Rises to Forest Dominance","authors":"Aiyu Zheng,&nbsp;Stephen W. Pacala","doi":"10.1002/bes2.2188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bes2.2188","url":null,"abstract":"<p>These photographs illustrate the article “The enigmatic life history of the bamboo explained as a strategy to arrest succession” by Aiyu Zheng, and Stephen W. Pacala published in Ecological Monographs. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecm.1621</p>","PeriodicalId":93418,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bes2.2188","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143110516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dam Size Variations Influence Dam Impacts and Potential Benefits of Dam Removal","authors":"Rebecca L. Brown,&nbsp;Don Charles,&nbsp;Richard J. Horwitz,&nbsp;James E. Pizzuto,&nbsp;Katherine Skalak,&nbsp;David J. Velinsky,&nbsp;David D. Hart","doi":"10.1002/bes2.2186","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bes2.2186","url":null,"abstract":"<p>These photographs illustrate the article “Size-dependent effects of dams on river ecosystems, and implications for dam removal outcomes” by Rebecca L. Brown, Don Charles, Richard J. Horwitz, James E. Pizzuto, Katherine Skalak, David J. Velinsky, and David D. Hart published in <i>Ecological Applications</i>. https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.3016</p>","PeriodicalId":93418,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bes2.2186","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143120894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ESA Spring 2024 Governing Board Meeting Minutes Ecological Society of America Washington, DC and Zoom Meeting May 7 – 8, 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bes2.2183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bes2.2183","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;\u0000 \u0000 &lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;President Naeem presiding, meeting called to order at 9:00 AM EST.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;I. Roll Call and Agenda (Naeem)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A. Adopt Agenda&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;b&gt;Motion to Adopt Meeting Agenda:&lt;/b&gt; Move to adopt meeting agenda.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Motion moved by Sharon Collinge and motion seconded by Jeannine Cavender-Bares. Motion Carries (All aye).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;B. Acknowledgment of Email Votes&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The Governing Board voted by email (all aye) on April 24, 2024 to approve the minutes from the March 2024 meeting.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;II. Reports&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A. Report of the President (Naeem)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;After reminding members of the GB of their duties and responsibilities, President Naeem provided an overview of the agenda, emphasized the importance of the issues under consideration, and expressed his gratitude to the staff and GB for their efforts. This was followed by a discussion of the lessons learned by Presidents about the ESA, its structure, and decision-making process, and the broader ways the ESA in involved in national issues.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;B. Report of the Executive Director and Staff (O'Riordan)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;ED O'Riordan provided an overview of the staff efforts on different activities including 4DEE and DEI efforts, student policy award winners and their activities, several regional meetings, and the recent Galapagos Expedition Trip that was part of a new development initiative. She reminded GB members that the updates mailed to them contain more detailed updates of grant-supported and other programs. The GB asked for additional information about several topics, with an emphasis on regional/chapter meetings, how they came about, and their impact.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;III. Strategic and Operational Updates&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;A. Publications Update &amp; Peer Review Initiative (Wallace)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Publications Director Wallace summarized the agenda items related to publications, and provided an overview of the proposed pilot project of double-anonymous review (including changes in ScholarOne that need to be made to make it possible). President Collinge moved for the GB to endorse the pilot project of double-anonymous peer review by the ESA Publications Office; the motion was Seconded by Cid. Following discussion by the GB, President Naeem called for a vote and the motion carried (10 Aye, 1 Abstention).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;C. Strategic Plan Implementation/Metrics (O'Riordan)&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;ED O'Riordan provided an overview of Strategic Plan Implementation and Metrics (2024–2027). The example proposed metrics focused on quantifiable, trackable metrics (numbers, %, waivers awarded for OA papers, professional certifications awarded, etc.). The GB discussed means to assess these, how and when to identify benchmarks, and other important metrics that are challenging to quantify (connections made, collaborations developed, etc.) and the methodological expertise required to do so (qualitative tools such as focus groups, ethnographies, interviews).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;E. Guest Speaker: Teresa Curto","PeriodicalId":93418,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bes2.2183","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143120341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Annual Reports to the ESA Council ESA 109th Annual Meeting July, 2024","authors":"","doi":"10.1002/bes2.2184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bes2.2184","url":null,"abstract":"<p>\u0000 \u0000 </p><p>This report summarizes activities and meetings from the period August 2023 to July 2024 and is submitted as an annual report from the staff.</p>","PeriodicalId":93418,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bes2.2184","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119615","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Waking Before the Snow Melts: Detecting the Spring Transition in Evergreen Needleleaf Forests","authors":"Zoe Amie Pierrat,&nbsp;Troy Magney,&nbsp;Andrew Maguire,&nbsp;Logan Brissette,&nbsp;Russell Doughty,&nbsp;David R. Bowling,&nbsp;Barry Logan,&nbsp;Nicholas Parazoo,&nbsp;Christian Frankenberg,&nbsp;Jochen Stutz","doi":"10.1002/bes2.2185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bes2.2185","url":null,"abstract":"<p>These photographs illustrate the article “Seasonal Timing of Fluorescence and Photosynthetic Yields at Needle and Canopy Scales in Evergreen Needleleaf Forests” by Zoe Amie Pierrat, Troy Magney, Andrew Maguire, Logan Brissette, Russell Doughty, David R. Bowling, Barry Logan, Nicholas Parazoo, Christian Frankenberg, and Jochen Stutz published in <i>Ecology</i>. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4402</p>","PeriodicalId":93418,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bes2.2185","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143119028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolution of Respect:Evelyn Chrystalla (Chris) Pielou (1924–2016)","authors":"Nathan J. Sanders,&nbsp;Daniel Simberloff","doi":"10.1002/bes2.2182","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bes2.2182","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Evelyn Crystalla (also known as Chris or E.C.) Pielou (1924–2016) was one of the most prominent ecologists and biogeographers of the 20th century owing to her pioneering work in applying mathematical and statistical rigor to ecological and biogeographical patterns. She effectively founded the field of Quantitative Ecology. Pielou was born on February 20, 1924, in Bognor Regis, England, and 2024 would be the 100th anniversary of her birth. Not much is known about her childhood, but she had an untraditional entry into science, as did many women at the time. In 1942, at the age of 18, she earned a certificate in radio-physics from the University of London. Soon thereafter, Pielou joined the Royal Navy, serving in the Second World War for 3 years. In 1951, she received a B.Sc. in botany from the University of London. Over the next decade or so, Pielou raised three children and worked largely in isolation and without supervision. During this time, however, she published several papers, mostly focused on patterns in plant populations and communities, how to describe them quantitatively, and how to infer processes rigorously from patterns. Based on this work, which she had again completed independently and with no supervision of note, the University of London granted her a Ph.D. in 1962. Pielou then joined the Statistical Research Service in the Department of Forestry (1963–1964), and the Department of Agriculture (1964–1967) for the Canadian government. In 1968, Pielou started her first academic job, as a Full Professor, at Queen's University in Ontario, Canada. By this time, Pielou had been publishing papers in top-tier journals for nearly 15 years on topics ranging from spatial pattern analysis, quantifying species diversity, and Robert H. MacArthur's interpretations of relative abundance models. She also soon published the first of many books, &lt;i&gt;An Introduction to Mathematical Ecology&lt;/i&gt; (1969). After only a few years, Pielou moved to Dalhousie University in Novia Scotia, Canada, where she stayed for 10 years and produced some of her most important and synthetic work, including the foundational books &lt;i&gt;Population and Community Ecology: Principles and Methods&lt;/i&gt; (1974), &lt;i&gt;Ecological Diversity&lt;/i&gt; (1975), and &lt;i&gt;Biogeography&lt;/i&gt; (1979). Few, if any, ecologists have ever matched that level of productivity over a decade. In 1981, Pielou moved to the University of Lethbridge in Alberta, Canada, where she became Professor Emerita in 1986. She received many honorary degrees and accolades, including being named Eminent Ecologist by the Ecological Society of America in 1986. Pielou retired to British Columbia, Canada, in 1986, where she remained active in local environmental issues and began publishing natural history books to bring science and an understanding of nature to the general public. Throughout her long, unconventional career, Pielou was at the very front of the vanguard of quantitative ecology and made ecology and biogeography more quantit","PeriodicalId":93418,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bes2.2182","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118558","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Resolution of Respect:Diana Harrison Wall (1943–2024)","authors":"Carol Brewer,&nbsp;Jill Baron,&nbsp;Kathleen Galvin,&nbsp;Jane Lubchenco,&nbsp;Pamela Matson","doi":"10.1002/bes2.2181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bes2.2181","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Diana Harrison Wall (Diana W. Freckman), leader of the field of soil biodiversity and former President of the Ecological Society of America (ESA), died on 25 March 2024, at the age of 80 in Fort Collins, CO (Photo 1). Over her extraordinary career, Dr. Wall was a pioneer in the field of soil ecology, revealing the role of nematodes and other soil organisms in ecosystems to global processes. Spanning more than 50 years, her research addressed questions about soil biodiversity and ecosystem functioning, soil carbon storage and climate change, global soil biodiversity and health, and sustainability. Her contributions to the understanding of soil biodiversity and ecology have been critical to understanding how ecosystems work at local to global scales, how they respond to global changes, and how they benefit people. Diana dedicated herself not only to science but to the goals of equity and diversity in science and public awareness of science. Moreover, she provided superb leadership and passion in several professional scientific organizations, and kindness and essential mentoring to many who knew and worked with her, including students and early career scientists.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Diana was born on 27 December 1943 in Durham, NC, and was raised in Lexington, KY. She earned a BA in biology in 1965, and a Ph.D. in plant pathology in 1971 from the University of Kentucky, Lexington, working with Professor R.A. Chapman to investigate nematodes that fed on the roots of red clover. With her nascent interest in nematodes, she took a postdoctoral position at the University of California Riverside, initially studying nematode communities in desert soils. In 1993, she moved to Fort Collins, CO, where she became associate dean for research and the director of the Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory (NREL) in the College of Natural Resources at Colorado State University (CSU). She was the founding director of CSU's School of Global Environmental Sustainability in 2008 and served in that position until her death. In this role Diana innovated and shared a vision of how universities could engage in sustainability, including through building collaborations and understanding across disciplines, encouraging transdisciplinary collaborations between scientists and decision makers, continuing commitment to excellence and rigor, strengthening communication and leadership training and capacities, and encouraging many ways of engaging the public. She especially loved one of her local outreach efforts; “Managing the Planet,” a monthly panel series at a pub near CSU that still brings community members together with faculty and students for talks about sustainability.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Diana's early research interests focused on mechanisms by which nematodes cope with extended dry and hot periods in soils, and later understanding their ecological dynamics, vulnerability to environmental changes, and roles in carbon cycling and other ecosystem processes. To address these questions, Diana and collea","PeriodicalId":93418,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","volume":"106 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bes2.2181","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143118274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"We Are Stronger Together: Building Community to Face Barriers for Latin American and Underrepresented Ecologists","authors":"Diogo B. Provete,&nbsp;Sebastian Moreno,&nbsp;Elvira D'Bastiani,&nbsp;Luis Y. Santiago-Rosario,&nbsp;Shersingh Joseph Tumber-Dávila","doi":"10.1002/bes2.2180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bes2.2180","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;Diverse groups can provide creative solutions to research problems, as people from different backgrounds and points of view offer valuable input that would otherwise be lost in homogenous groups (Hong and Page &lt;span&gt;2004&lt;/span&gt;, Phillips et al. &lt;span&gt;2014&lt;/span&gt;, Gardiner &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;). Yet, Latin American and other diverse and underrepresented ecologists must deal with challenges that others do not (Nuñez et al. &lt;span&gt;2021&lt;/span&gt;, Arenas-Castro et al. &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;). Some of these challenges include, but are not limited to, language barriers (e.g., Ramírez-Castañeda &lt;span&gt;2020&lt;/span&gt;, Amano et al. &lt;span&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;, Cao et al. &lt;span&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;), barriers for female-identifying ecologists (see also Martínez-Blancas et al. &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;), fear of safety and accessibility in the field and the outdoors (see also Ramírez-Castañeda et al. &lt;span&gt;2022&lt;/span&gt;), and access to coding and other computational and institutional resources. Motivated to discuss these issues and propose practical solutions, we organized a symposium for the Ecological Society of America (ESA) Annual Meeting in 2023 titled “We are stronger together: Building community to face barriers for Latin American and underrepresented ecologists.” We broadly asked the panelists to discuss and reflect on the following: How can we support ecologists outside of North America to showcase their research, network, collaborate, and tackle the issues and inequalities they face?&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The talks presented novel results or shared experiences from different organizations already engaged in building communities of diverse ecologists and underrepresented communities through tackling language barriers, women-related issues, culturally relevant teaching, outdoor activities, and citizen science in Latin America and the Caribbean. The talks contributed to the annual meeting's motto of “Ecology for all” by adding a new perspective to the discussion surrounding barriers faced by ecologists outside North America and proposing solutions derived from the experiences of our speakers and the groups they represent, as well as others emerging from discussion during the symposium.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Three of the symposium participants agreed to share their perspectives and findings following the symposium: E. D'Bastiani (&lt;i&gt;Mulheres na Ecologia&lt;/i&gt;), S. Moreno (&lt;i&gt;Latino Outdoors&lt;/i&gt;), and L. Santiago-Rosario (&lt;i&gt;Club Eco-Evo Latinoamérica&lt;/i&gt;).&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The symposium organized by the ESA Latin America and the Caribbean (LAC) Chapter of ESA aimed to highlight diverse efforts to address challenges faced by ecologists from Latin America and additional underrepresented backgrounds. However, we have only begun to scratch the surface regarding the many efforts by folks in the ecology community to build community and bridge the gaps and barriers faced by ecologists beyond the dominant groups in North America.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;The LAC chapter is continuing to build upon this effort in various ways by continuing to work in partnership w","PeriodicalId":93418,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","volume":"105 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bes2.2180","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404536","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Measuring Heat Tolerance in a Sterilizing “Anther-Smut” Pathogen of Wild Plants","authors":"Dalia V. Chen,&nbsp;Samuel P. Slowinski,&nbsp;Allyson K. Kido,&nbsp;Emily L. Bruns","doi":"10.1002/bes2.2174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/bes2.2174","url":null,"abstract":"<p>These photographs illustrate the article “High temperatures reduce growth, infection, and transmission of a naturally occurring fungal plant pathogen” by Dalia V. Chen, Samuel P. Slowinski, Allyson K. Kido, and Emily L. Bruns published in <i>Ecology</i>. https://doi.org/10.1002/ecy.4373</p>","PeriodicalId":93418,"journal":{"name":"Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America","volume":"105 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/bes2.2174","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142404727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}