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Last, half of Upper Midwesterners ought to get into this book: Written Grammatical Variation in the US 最后，一半的上中西部人应该读这本书：美国的书面语法变体
Journal of linguistic geography Pub Date : 2016-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/jlg.2016.14
Kelly D. Abrams, Thomas Purnell
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引用次数: 0
Working the Early Shift: Older Inland Northern Speech and the Beginnings of the Northern Cities Shift 早期迁移:古代北方内陆语言和北方城市迁移的开始
Journal of linguistic geography Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/jlg.2016.7
M. Gordon, Christopher Strelluf
{"title":"Working the Early Shift: Older Inland Northern Speech and the Beginnings of the Northern Cities Shift","authors":"M. Gordon, Christopher Strelluf","doi":"10.1017/jlg.2016.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2016.7","url":null,"abstract":"The complex series of vowel changes known as the Northern Cities Shift has been extensively documented over the last four decades across the broad territory of the Inland North dialect region. Little is known, however, about the origins of the shift, and there remain open questions about where the changes began and which vowel initiated the process. This paper examines such questions by analyzing the speech of several people born in the late 19th and early 20th centuries using archival recordings of oral history interviews. Drawing on acoustic data we identify what appear to be early stages of the Northern Cities Shift in some individual speakers though many in the sample give no evidence of participating in the changes. We consider the implications of these findings for accounts of how the shift began with particular focus on Labov’s (2010) proposal.","PeriodicalId":93207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of linguistic geography","volume":"4 1","pages":"31 - 46"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/jlg.2016.7","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56923541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 8
“Subliminal accent”: Reactions to the rise of Wisconsin English “潜意识的口音”:对威斯康星英语兴起的反应
Journal of linguistic geography Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/jlg.2016.8
Danielle M. Schuld, J. Salmons, Thomas Purnell, E. Raimy
{"title":"“Subliminal accent”: Reactions to the rise of Wisconsin English","authors":"Danielle M. Schuld, J. Salmons, Thomas Purnell, E. Raimy","doi":"10.1017/jlg.2016.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2016.8","url":null,"abstract":"Distinctive regional varieties of English have only recently emerged in parts of North America, including Wisconsin, where differences appear to be increasing today. We present an experiment in which listeners heard two short samples each from three Wisconsin regions and three other dialect areas. For each area, one sample was recorded pre-1970 and another recorded post-2010. Regional stereotypes were excluded. In a situation of new and still-emerging regional varieties, we expected listeners to be able to more accurately identify recent speech samples versus old samples from Wisconsin. Listeners proved better at recognizing speakers from Wisconsin in newer over older recordings. This complicates previous discussions of dialect awareness, in particular ‘enregisterment,’ with our listeners able to identify Wisconsin speech even in the absence of salient, known dialect features.","PeriodicalId":93207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of linguistic geography","volume":"4 1","pages":"15 - 30"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/jlg.2016.8","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56923578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 5
Mapping Southern American English, 1861-1865 1861-1865年美国南部英语地图
Journal of linguistic geography Pub Date : 2016-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/JLG.2016.6
Michael Ellis
{"title":"Mapping Southern American English, 1861-1865","authors":"Michael Ellis","doi":"10.1017/JLG.2016.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/JLG.2016.6","url":null,"abstract":"Since April 2015 is the sesquicentennial of the end of the Civil War, now is a particularly appropriate time to review the progress of the Corpus of American Civil War Letters (CACWL) project and to suggest directions it might go in the future. Since 2007, we have located and collected images of nearly 11,000 letters and transcribed over 9,000 of these, totaling well over four million words. Of the transcribed letters, just over 6,000 were written by southerners (490 individual letter writers), a corpus extensive enough to begin identifying and describing what features were distinctively Southern in 19th-century American English. We have already mapped many of these features that are especially common in southern letters, for example, fixing to, howdy, past tense/past participle hope ‘helped’, qualifier tolerable, intensifier mighty, pronoun hit, and the noun heap. By way of comparison, we also have a somewhat smaller but rapidly growing collection of 3,000 transcribed letters written by individuals from northern states, and variant features from these letters are also being mapped. The work at present is very preliminary; there are thousands of additional letters to be collected and transcribed, particularly from northern states and from states west of the Mississippi. However, by mapping variants from letters that have already been transcribed, we can begin to get a better understanding of regional differences, as well as how regional features spread westward in the decades before the Civil War. We can also begin to obtain some sense of how American English in general, and particularly its regional dialects, may have changed since the mid 19th century. This article presents a preview of a number of those findings.","PeriodicalId":93207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of linguistic geography","volume":"4 1","pages":"1 - 14"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/JLG.2016.6","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56923534","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The Plautdietsch Vowel Shift Across Space and Time 普劳迪契元音跨越时空的移动
Journal of linguistic geography Pub Date : 2015-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/jlg.2016.3
Roslyn Burns
{"title":"The Plautdietsch Vowel Shift Across Space and Time","authors":"Roslyn Burns","doi":"10.1017/jlg.2016.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2016.3","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an account of the long vowel shift currently underway in the trans-statal Plautdietsch speech community. Placement of the shift within Labov’s typology of vowel shifts reveals a commonly overlooked development in Plautdietsch vowel movement, namely the centralization of mid-high back vowels which must have occurred before the breakup of the community into New and Old World groups. Shared centralization prompted both groups to have similar developments in the back vowel space after they were no longer geographically contiguous and prompted many groups to undergo centralization in the front vowel space. This case study reveals a pattern of innovation in which separation from parent communities fosters linguistic innovations in daughter communities. These innovations occur irrespective of the traditional Molotschna or Chortitza dialect affiliation of the daughter colonies in question.","PeriodicalId":93207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of linguistic geography","volume":"3 1","pages":"72 - 94"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/jlg.2016.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56923934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 2
On the utility of combining production data and perceptual data to investigate regional linguistic variation: The case of Spanish experiential gustar ‘to like, to please’ on Twitter and in an online survey 关于结合生产数据和感知数据来调查地区语言差异的效用:以西班牙人在Twitter和在线调查中“喜欢，取悦”的经验gustar为例
Journal of linguistic geography Pub Date : 2015-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/jlg.2016.1
E. K. Brown
{"title":"On the utility of combining production data and perceptual data to investigate regional linguistic variation: The case of Spanish experiential gustar ‘to like, to please’ on Twitter and in an online survey","authors":"E. K. Brown","doi":"10.1017/jlg.2016.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2016.1","url":null,"abstract":"The use of both production and perceptual data has the potential to provide a more complete picture of linguistic phenomena than would otherwise be the case, including when exploring regional linguistic variation. Utilizing the social networking platform Twitter and an online survey, this paper reports on a descriptive analysis of the geographic distribution of a less-commonly used syntactic form of the Spanish verb gustar ‘to like, to please’, referred to as experiential gustar (e.g., cuando gustes ‘when you’d like’). The results from the analysis of 6,686 tweets together with the responses of 81 native Spanish-speaking participants in an online survey suggest that experiential gustar is produced and is perceived to be produced most often in Mexican Spanish, despite not being exclusive to that country. The paper contributes to the literature depicting the benefit of using both production and perceptual data in the study of dialectal variation, as well as to the literature documenting language variation in Spanish.","PeriodicalId":93207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of linguistic geography","volume":"3 1","pages":"47 - 59"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/jlg.2016.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56923251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 4
The Burial Ground: A Bridge Between Language And Culture 墓地:语言与文化之间的桥梁
Journal of linguistic geography Pub Date : 2015-09-01 DOI: 10.1017/jlg.2016.2
Allison Burkette
{"title":"The Burial Ground: A Bridge Between Language And Culture","authors":"Allison Burkette","doi":"10.1017/jlg.2016.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2016.2","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the cultural and historical forces that created variation in terms for “cemetery”, including links between language and material culture, using cemetery terms found within two Linguistic Atlas data sets to demonstrate how colonial influence, cultural changes, and physical locations contribute to linguistic variation. Speakers’ lexical choices in the 1930s still show the effects of the religious and social climates of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. Northern and southern colonial trends were still influencing regional language use several hundred years later. Furthermore, for the LANE data we find that the physical location of historic cemeteries has an effect on speakers’ use of specific lexical items.","PeriodicalId":93207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of linguistic geography","volume":"3 1","pages":"60 - 71"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/jlg.2016.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56923886","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 3
Sociophonetic analysis of phonemic trill variation in two sub-varieties of Peninsular Spanish 半岛西班牙语两个亚种音位颤音变化的社会语音分析
Journal of linguistic geography Pub Date : 2014-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/jlg.2014.1
Nicholas Henriksen
{"title":"Sociophonetic analysis of phonemic trill variation in two sub-varieties of Peninsular Spanish","authors":"Nicholas Henriksen","doi":"10.1017/jlg.2014.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2014.1","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper we provide a preliminary characterization of the phonemic trill (i.e., /r/) as produced by twenty-four speakers of northern and central Peninsular Spanish. The acoustic analysis revealed a considerable number of non-canonical variants containing one or zero apical occlusions. The quantitative results showed robust effects of the following three factors on trill articulation: Speaker dialect, gender, and preceding vowel. Regarding social factors, central Peninsular speakers and male speakers showed the greatest propensity to produce fewer occlusions per phonemic trill. Regarding linguistic factors, non-canonical variants were especially common in contexts of preceding /u/; we interpret this result on articulatory grounds given the antagonistic gestures required for the trill and the high back vowel. All in all, these findings offer empirical support that geographically-oriented studies within a sociophonetic framework offer critical information on the diachrony of trill consonants.","PeriodicalId":93207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of linguistic geography","volume":"232 1","pages":"4 - 24"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/jlg.2014.1","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56923262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 16
Linguistic Distances in Dialectometric Intensity Estimation 方言强度估计中的语言距离
Journal of linguistic geography Pub Date : 2014-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/jlg.2014.3
S. Pickl, A. Spettl, Simon Pröll, Stephan Elspass, Werner König, V. Schmidt
{"title":"Linguistic Distances in Dialectometric Intensity Estimation","authors":"S. Pickl, A. Spettl, Simon Pröll, Stephan Elspass, Werner König, V. Schmidt","doi":"10.1017/jlg.2014.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2014.3","url":null,"abstract":"Dialectometric intensity estimation as introduced in Rumpf etal. (2009) and Pickl and Rumpf (2011, 2012) is a method for the unsupervised generation of maps visualizing geolinguistic data on the level of linguistic variables. It also extracts spatial information for subsequent statistical analysis. However, as intensity estimation involves geographically conditioned smoothing, this method can lead to undesirable results. Geolinguistically relevant structures such as rivers, political borders or enclaves, for instance, are not taken into account and thus their manifestations in the distributions of linguistic variants are blurred. A possible solution to this problem, as suggested and put to the test in this paper, is to use linguistic distances rather than geographical (Euclidean) distances in the estimation. This methodological adjustment leads to maps which render geolinguistic distributions more faithfully, especially in areas that are deemed critical for the interpretation of the resulting maps and for subsequent statistical analyses of the results.","PeriodicalId":93207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of linguistic geography","volume":"2 1","pages":"25 - 40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/jlg.2014.3","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56923384","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 17
Computer Simulation of Dialect Feature Diffusion 方言特征扩散的计算机模拟
Journal of linguistic geography Pub Date : 2014-03-01 DOI: 10.1017/jlg.2014.2
W. Kretzschmar, I. Juuso, C. Thomas Bailey
{"title":"Computer Simulation of Dialect Feature Diffusion","authors":"W. Kretzschmar, I. Juuso, C. Thomas Bailey","doi":"10.1017/jlg.2014.2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/jlg.2014.2","url":null,"abstract":"This paper describes the independent construction and implementation of two cellular automata that model dialect feature diffusion as the adaptive aspect of the complex system of speech. We show how a feature, once established, can spread across an area, and how the distribution of a dialect feature as it stands in Linguistic Atlas data could either spread or diminish. Cellular automata use update rules to determine the status of a feature at a given location with respect to the status of its neighboring locations. In each iteration all locations in a matrix are evaluated, and then the new status for each one is displayed all at once. Throughout hundreds of iterations, we can watch regional distributional patterns emerge as a consequence of these simple update rules. We validate patterns with respect to the linguistic distributions known to occur in the Linguistic Atlas Project.","PeriodicalId":93207,"journal":{"name":"Journal of linguistic geography","volume":"2 1","pages":"41 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2014-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1017/jlg.2014.2","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"56923323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 10
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