American journal of social sciences and humanities最新文献_第3页

MARITAL LIFE: A CHALLENGE FOR PURSUING HIGHER EDUCATION BY WOMEN IN PAKISTAN 婚姻生活:巴基斯坦妇女追求高等教育的挑战

American journal of social sciences and humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.46568/jssh.v61i2.634

M. Munir, B. Munir, S. Bhutto

{"title":"MARITAL LIFE: A CHALLENGE FOR PURSUING HIGHER EDUCATION BY WOMEN IN PAKISTAN","authors":"M. Munir, B. Munir, S. Bhutto","doi":"10.46568/jssh.v61i2.634","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v61i2.634","url":null,"abstract":"Misapprehensions of culture and religion are used for the early marriages of women in Pakistan, which generates few significant challenges for women to pursue their higher education. The present study identifies such challenges for married women in higher education. These challenges are relevant to women’s post-marriage lifespan in rural Pakistan. Building upon Fredrickson’s (2001) and Hobfoll’s (2001) theories focused on post marriages issues, the study has developed open-ended questions for collecting in-depth information. Therefore, 43 in-depth interviews with married women were conducted and through qualitative data analysis using NVIVO software, the study has highlighted that early marriages of girls have become a cultural norm, and education priorities of the girls are insignificant for parents to decide the marriage date. Married women pursuing education at marriage do not get any support from husbands and in-laws as the patriarchal norms prohibit women from stepping out from home. In these circumstances, women may get subject to the victim of many unlawful practices, including intimate partner violence (IPV). Thus, the present study findings imply that married women's participation in higher education is negligible due to weak legislation on women’s rights and strong illegitimate tribal practices.","PeriodicalId":93162,"journal":{"name":"American journal of social sciences and humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90399036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

CONFLICTS BETWEEN TRIBES IN SOUTHERN KADUNA: A COMPARISON TO EAST UKRAINE 卡杜纳南部部落之间的冲突:与乌克兰东部的比较

American journal of social sciences and humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.46568/jssh.v61i2.631

A. Waliyullahi, Onojobi Temidayo, S. Bamidele

{"title":"CONFLICTS BETWEEN TRIBES IN SOUTHERN KADUNA: A COMPARISON TO EAST UKRAINE","authors":"A. Waliyullahi, Onojobi Temidayo, S. Bamidele","doi":"10.46568/jssh.v61i2.631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v61i2.631","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of this study is to investigate the ethnic conflict in southern Kaduna in connection to eastern Ukraine, which has now spread internationally as a result of major countries' action on Ukraine's behalf. The Hausa-Fulani are Muslims, whereas indigenous Christian communities make up the bulk of the population in southern Kaduna. Although the root causes of the situation in southern Kaduna are multifaceted given their theological and sociopolitical undertones, they are primarily cultural and patriotic in the case of Ukraine. The special status of the Russian language is a subject of heated debate among those on the side of Ukraine's government and opposition nationalists who are pro-Russia. The study's purpose dictated that premordialism theory be used as a working model. Ethnic activists and nationalists commonly employ primordialist ideas to explain and defend ethnic wars, like the ones under study (in southern Kaduna and eastern Ukraine). In addition to hoping that the United Nations is permitted to fulfil the purpose for which it was established so that peace can return to Ukraine, we also hope that the same can be achieved in southern Kaduna if the recommendations of the state and federal governments assigned to investigate the crisis are dusted off and implemented. In conclusion, it is hard to discuss peace in an environment rife with injustice and nepotism. More peace advocacy is needed from the main international political powers, but they can only do that if they allow the United Nations (UN) to function freely. Primordialist theories are frequently used by ethnic activists and nationalists to explain and justify ethnic conflicts, such as those in southern Kaduna and eastern-southern Ukraine, which is why this research supports the use of the primordial theory of ethnic conflict despite its flaws.","PeriodicalId":93162,"journal":{"name":"American journal of social sciences and humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79104459","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

EXAMINING THE BACKWASH EFFECT OF TASK-BASED LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT ON READING SKILLS OF EFL UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS 任务型语言评价对英语本科学生阅读技能的反拨效应研究

American journal of social sciences and humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.46568/jssh.v61i2.636

Anum Abrar

{"title":"EXAMINING THE BACKWASH EFFECT OF TASK-BASED LANGUAGE ASSESSMENT ON READING SKILLS OF EFL UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS","authors":"Anum Abrar","doi":"10.46568/jssh.v61i2.636","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v61i2.636","url":null,"abstract":"This study primarily focused the EFL undergraduate students at a public university in Pakistan. In this study, task-based language assessment (TBLA) was used to assess reading skills because it is one of the most assessed language skills in Pakistan. Reading is an academic skill. Supposedly, students should have good reading skills at higher education. Thus, there are three courses taught specifically focusing on English language at higher education and reading is a prime focus in all three of them. However, the reading test items are criticized for testing rather the writing skills instead of reading. Thus, a Task-based Language Assessment (TBLA) was used to check its backwash effect. TBLA has not been adopted in the local context yet, specifically in a reading context. Therefore, the present study was conducted to examine the backwash effect of TBLA on reading skills. In this study, action research design was followed within the qualitative research paradigm. Sample was drawn using convenient sampling. The participants were 12 undergraduate students. Students’ reading journals, exit slips and teacher’s diary were used as data collection instruments. The findings revealed that TBLA has a positive backwash effect on both teaching and learning in the EFL context. Further pedagogical implications are proposed in the study.","PeriodicalId":93162,"journal":{"name":"American journal of social sciences and humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79118776","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

COMPARATIVE STUDY IN THE LIGHT OF HERZBERG’S TWO FACTOR THEORY OF JOB SATISFACTION AMONG ACADEMIC STAFF IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR UNIVERSITIES OF ISLAMABAD 基于赫茨伯格双因素理论的伊斯兰堡公立和私立大学教职员工工作满意度比较研究

American journal of social sciences and humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.46568/jssh.v61i2.635

Shazia Chachar, Fareeda Lothi, Nazia Naz

{"title":"COMPARATIVE STUDY IN THE LIGHT OF HERZBERG’S TWO FACTOR THEORY OF JOB SATISFACTION AMONG ACADEMIC STAFF IN PUBLIC AND PRIVATE SECTOR UNIVERSITIES OF ISLAMABAD","authors":"Shazia Chachar, Fareeda Lothi, Nazia Naz","doi":"10.46568/jssh.v61i2.635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v61i2.635","url":null,"abstract":"In light of Herzberg's two-factor theory, the primary goal of this paper is to investigate the job satisfaction of the faculty members of private and public sector universities in Islamabad with specific reference to hygiene and motivation factors. For the purpose the sample contained 150 staff of private and public universities of Islamabad. The data collection was carried out through Minnesota Questionnaire as a tool of job satisfaction. The sampling techniques of proportional, stratified sampling was selected. The data was analyzed through quantitative method by using the SPSS 21st edition named as Statistical Package for social science. The results were reflected by using independent samples t-test. According to the study's findings the hygiene factor has significant impact on job satisfaction of participants with reference to Salary, Status, Work Conditions, Interpersonal Relationship with Subordinates and Possibility for Personal Growth besides motivational elements such as recognition and achievement. The data shows that high motivational level is found in public universities faculty member than the private sector universities.","PeriodicalId":93162,"journal":{"name":"American journal of social sciences and humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74710990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

THE DREAD OF AI REPLACEMENT OF HUMANS REPRESENTED IN MACHINES LIKE ME 对人工智能取代人类的恐惧体现在像我这样的机器上

American journal of social sciences and humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.46568/jssh.v61i2.630

Yuan Xu, Yanfang Song

{"title":"THE DREAD OF AI REPLACEMENT OF HUMANS REPRESENTED IN MACHINES LIKE ME","authors":"Yuan Xu, Yanfang Song","doi":"10.46568/jssh.v61i2.630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.46568/jssh.v61i2.630","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid progress of AI technology prompts British novelists to speculate what a technologically advanced Britain will be like: a utopia or a dystopia? Or somewhere in between? Ian McEwan shows his concern over these questions in Machines Like Me (2019). It is suggested that this novel mainly reveals people’s technophobia and presents a techno-dystopian world, for which many people are ill-prepared. Technophobia and techno-dystopia represented in the selected novel echo the debates among the Neo-Luddites, especially the thoughts of Stephen L. Talbott. From the theoretical angle of Neo-Luddism, the present study aims to explore people’s multifaceted technophobia and the features of techno-dystopia in Machines Like Me, so as to disclose people’s values behind their attitudes to technological advancements. Technophobia as depicted in this novel basically includes people’s dread of AI replacement of humans. Moreover, the world presented in the novel is characteristic of a techno-dystopia: the technological replacement of humans results in people’s obsolete status and poses security risks to human beings. The objective of the research is to arouse people’s awareness about adverse technological impacts and provide some insights into how to handle the tension between technophobia and technological development in the real world. The study concluded that to some degree, such technophobia and techno-dystopia disillusion technophiles who fervently believe that advances in technology will bring about a utopia or at least help to fulfill a utopian ideal. Serving as a warning alarm for the dystopian future, this novel counters cyber-hype in contemporary society and reflects the real world of profit-fueled technology.","PeriodicalId":93162,"journal":{"name":"American journal of social sciences and humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79724241","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

INVESTIGATING DOMESTIC VIOLENCE AND ABUSE THROUGH LINGUISTIC CHOICES IN SLUM CHILD: A GENDER-BASED STUDY 通过贫民窟儿童的语言选择调查家庭暴力和虐待:一项基于性别的研究

American journal of social sciences and humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-31 DOI: 10.46568/jssh.v61i2.633

Tarim Masood, Tazanfal Tehseem

引用次数: 0

Examining Teachers’ Perceptions of School Effectiveness in Public Primary and Secondary Schools 调查公立中小学教师对学校效能的看法

American journal of social sciences and humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-30 DOI: 10.55284/ajssh.v7i2.818

Andreés Martin

{"title":"Examining Teachers’ Perceptions of School Effectiveness in Public Primary and Secondary Schools","authors":"Andreés Martin","doi":"10.55284/ajssh.v7i2.818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55284/ajssh.v7i2.818","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to examine teachers’ perceptions of School Effectiveness based on school level, sex and role in management in public schools in Grenada. Using a quantitative descriptive correlational research design, a survey was administered to a sample of 729 primary and secondary schools’ teachers using a 58-item Likert scale questionnaire. Principal Component Analysis identified 5 components of School Effectiveness and this result was analysed using descriptive statistics, the independent samples t-test, and the Pearson Moment Corelation. The findings indicated that the teachers’ perceptions of School Effectiveness were highly positive and moderately positive in primary and secondary schools respectively. The t-test revealed significant differences between primary and secondary school teachers, however, none were detected based on sex and role in management. The findings also revealed that there were significant substantial direct relationships among the components of School Effectiveness. This study establishes a discourse on the perceptions of School Effectiveness, adding to the School Effectiveness literature in a Caribbean context. It further suggests that schools should focus on key elements of School Effectiveness to lead school to development, however, the initiative is for practitioners to decide what key components of school effectiveness should be the highlighted in their school development plan.","PeriodicalId":93162,"journal":{"name":"American journal of social sciences and humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46098318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Accounting Economic Growth Differential of Indian States 印度各邦经济增长差异的核算

American journal of social sciences and humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.55284/ajssh.v7i2.798

J. Sinha

{"title":"Accounting Economic Growth Differential of Indian States","authors":"J. Sinha","doi":"10.55284/ajssh.v7i2.798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55284/ajssh.v7i2.798","url":null,"abstract":"This paper uses a combination of Growth Accounting Analysis and Regression Analysis to examine the economic growth experience of twelve major Indian States – six high-income and industrially developed; and six low-income and industrially underdeveloped, over the period 2000-21, through the decomposition of the total factor productivity in major sectors of the economy. The performance of the Low Income States has been perceptibly superior to that of the High Income States. All the sectors in each of the two categories of states have undergone a temporal deceleration in total factor productivity growth, thereby pointing toward the ineffectiveness of economic reform measures to induce progress in the states. However, in the overall Indian economy, various sectors (except Secondary and Tertiary-2) experienced productivity improvement over time. Further, total factor productivity contributed the most to output growth during the first decade (2000-01 to 2010-11), while labor acted as a prime mover during the second decade (2011-12 to 2020-21). The total factor productivity growth acted as the major source of economic growth in the aggregated Indian economy and signifies that although liberalization policies have shown desirable results at the aggregated level, there has been a considerable variation in the speed and extent of implementation of the reform measures across the states. Thus, for the states to surge ahead, it is imperative to address regional problems to enhance total factor productivity.","PeriodicalId":93162,"journal":{"name":"American journal of social sciences and humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42752991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Vocational Training and Youth Empowerment in Nigeria: Evidence from Informal Sector Operators’ Activity in Gombe Metropolis 尼日利亚的职业培训和青年赋权：来自贡贝大都市非正规部门经营者活动的证据

American journal of social sciences and humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.55284/ajssh.v7i2.799

Abdullahi Buba, Jayakodi W Dayananda Somasundara, Idi Adamu, Dorcas Samuel

{"title":"Vocational Training and Youth Empowerment in Nigeria: Evidence from Informal Sector Operators’ Activity in Gombe Metropolis","authors":"Abdullahi Buba, Jayakodi W Dayananda Somasundara, Idi Adamu, Dorcas Samuel","doi":"10.55284/ajssh.v7i2.799","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55284/ajssh.v7i2.799","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to empirically examine the role of the informal sector in youths’ empowerment in Gombe metropolis. A structured questionnaire was used to gather first-hand information on variables of interest and both descriptive statistic and ordered logistic regression analysis were conducted to achieve the major and specific objectives of the study. The primary objectives of the study include to examine (i) how does Vocational training among informal sector operators influence youth empowerment in Gombe metropolis; (ii) how does customers' patronage of the informal sector's services influence youth empowerment in Gombe metropolis; and (iii) how does capital requirement among informal sector operators influence youth empowerment in Gombe metropolis. Empirical results obtained from the study indicated that Vocational training among informal sector operators has a positive and significant influence on the likelihood of youths empowerment in Gombe metropolis of Gombe state; customers' patronage, as well as capital requirements, were also found to have a positive and significant influence on youths’ empowerment in Gombe metropolis; and all the control variables included in the model (except gender) also have positive and significant probability on youth empowerment in Gombe metropolis. We conclude by presenting concluding remarks and policy implications for decision-making toward repositioning technical and vocational education in Nigeria to effectively curb incessant overdependence on the government for job creation in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":93162,"journal":{"name":"American journal of social sciences and humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44247189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

School Level and Urbanicity Differences in Written Plans for Pandemic Flu/Disease Scenarios: A National Analysis 学校水平和城市差异在大流行性流感/疾病情景的书面计划:一项全国分析

American journal of social sciences and humanities Pub Date : 2022-12-09 DOI: 10.55284/ajssh.v7i2.801

D. S. McAlpin, F. Lunenburg, J. Slate

{"title":"School Level and Urbanicity Differences in Written Plans for Pandemic Flu/Disease Scenarios: A National Analysis","authors":"D. S. McAlpin, F. Lunenburg, J. Slate","doi":"10.55284/ajssh.v7i2.801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.55284/ajssh.v7i2.801","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to determine the extent to which school level (i.e., elementary, middle, and high schools) and urbanicity (i.e., rural, town, suburb, city) were related to written school safety plans in the area of pandemic flu/disease threat scenarios. Through the use of a causal-comparative research design, archival data from a national survey in the United States for the 2007-2008, 2009-2010, 2015-2016, and 2017-2018 school years were analyzed. Inferential statistical analyses of nationwide survey data revealed the presence of statistically significant differences in the incidence of written plans for pandemic flu/disease threat scenarios by school level and by urbanicity. All school levels represented in the study did not have a written plan for how to address pandemic flu/disease threat scenarios 60% or more of the time. About 60% of schools within the urbanicity groupings did not have a written plan. Implications and recommendations for future research were discussed. Given the recent COVID-19 pandemic, these numbers are expected to show dramatic improvements in the years to come. Policymakers should develop policies mandating written school safety plans and the necessary funding for them to be generated. Future researchers, however, should continue to address this area.","PeriodicalId":93162,"journal":{"name":"American journal of social sciences and humanities","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45115852","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0