GeoResJ Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.grj.2017.05.001

A. Clark

{"title":"Small unmanned aerial systems comparative analysis for the application to coastal erosion monitoring","authors":"A. Clark","doi":"10.1016/j.grj.2017.05.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grj.2017.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The low operating cost and flexibility of sUAS enables repeated surveys of study sites to monitor annual coastal changes and investigate the impacts of individual storms. The majority of damage along the coast of Prince Edward Island occurs during storm events which are expected to increase in frequency and severity and presents one of the biggest challenges faced by residents due to climate change. This study completes a comparative analysis between a fixed wing and quadcopter unmanned aerial system. The impact of using ground control points during image processing resulted in an average image marker to ground control point coordinates difference of 0.1m and 0.03m and 0.21m for the fixed wing and quadcopter systems respectively. Elevation comparison of the resulting digital surface models to a ground truth GPS survey resulted in -0.117m average difference for the fixed wing and 0.0224<!--> m average difference for the quadcopter. Furthermore, consideration of cost, time, and ambient factors are addressed. Finally, sUAS technology is seen to have the potential to revolutionize the field of environmental monitoring in low capacity regions, building local knowledge capital for better planning and adapting to the impacts of climate change.</div>","PeriodicalId":93099,"journal":{"name":"GeoResJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 175-185"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.grj.2017.05.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42302108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 10

Foraminiferal research in coastal ecosystems of India during the past decade: A review 近十年来印度沿海生态系统有孔虫研究综述

GeoResJ Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.grj.2017.02.003

G. Sreenivasulu , N. Jayaraju , B. C. Sundara Raja Reddy , T. Lakshmi Prasad , K. Nagalakshmi , B. Lakshmanna

引用次数: 12

Impacts of climatic and oceanic processes on the threatened terrestrial vertebrates of the Pacific region 气候和海洋过程对太平洋地区濒危陆生脊椎动物的影响

GeoResJ Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.grj.2016.12.001

S Taylor

{"title":"Impacts of climatic and oceanic processes on the threatened terrestrial vertebrates of the Pacific region","authors":"S Taylor","doi":"10.1016/j.grj.2016.12.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grj.2016.12.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The small island nations and territories of the Pacific region are low-lying with a high ratio of shoreline to land area. These characteristics intensify the susceptibility of the islands and the biodiversity that they support to environmental changes. The islands are already experiencing higher temperatures, shifts in rainfall patterns, rising sea levels and changes in frequency and intensity of extreme climatic events. This study undertook a broad-scale assessment of the impacts of climate change and sea level rise on the threatened terrestrial vertebrate biodiversity of 23 countries and territories in the region. A database of indicative susceptibility of islands to climatic and oceanographic processes was used with the distribution data of 150 threatened terrestrial vertebrate species downloaded from International Union for Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (IUCN). Fifty six percent of these species were endemic to the region. Thirty islands spread over five countries were identified which supported three or more threatened species but were also ranked as very highly or highly susceptible to climatic and oceanographic processes. Twelve additional species were identified, three of which are critically endangered, with distribution on islands with very high or high susceptibility. An analysis with the global protected area network dataset showed that none of the identified islands occurred in a conservation area. A more forward looking conservation strategy would involve prioritization programmes which anticipate the impacts of climate change so that future species’ ranges and “climate refugia” can be identified especially if translocation is essential for the protection of threatened biodiversity.</div>","PeriodicalId":93099,"journal":{"name":"GeoResJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.grj.2016.12.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49639377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

New evidence of highly-complex geological heritage in Iran: Miocene sections in the Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt 伊朗高度复杂地质遗产的新证据:扎格罗斯褶皱冲断带中新世剖面

GeoResJ Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.grj.2017.04.001

Tahereh Habibi , Nadezhda V. Golubova , Dmitry A. Ruban

{"title":"New evidence of highly-complex geological heritage in Iran: Miocene sections in the Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt","authors":"Tahereh Habibi , Nadezhda V. Golubova , Dmitry A. Ruban","doi":"10.1016/j.grj.2017.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grj.2017.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The complex geological setting of Iran suggests the utility of a geological heritage inventory. Field examination of the Mishan and Esmaeil-Abad sections of the Mishan Formation (Miocene) in the Zagros Fold-Thrust Belt has indicated their potential as geological heritage sites (geosites). These sections represent five types of geological heritage concerning their stratigraphical, palaeontological, sedimentary, palaeogeographical, and geomorphological aspects. The rank (importance) of each type varies from local to national, but the geosites in their entity are of global importance. Researchers, educators, and tourists there can deal with unique fossil assemblages of marine macro- and microinvertebrates, specific facies of a rimmed carbonate shelf and the pertinent palaeoecosystems, as well as with various other features. The nearby cultural/historical heritage objects increase the potential of the area. These geosites are characterized by an attractive natural scenery and are easily accessible. They deserve an official conservation status. The establishment of a geopark in the Zagros Mountains fortunately seems possible, indeed.</div>","PeriodicalId":93099,"journal":{"name":"GeoResJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 96-102"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.grj.2017.04.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47918271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Petrogenesis and mineral characteristics of the oldest volcanogenic breccia unit from the Himalayan foreland basin, India 印度喜马拉雅前陆盆地最古老火山角砾岩单元的岩石成因及矿物特征

GeoResJ Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.grj.2017.01.001

M.K. Shukla, Anupam Sharma

{"title":"Petrogenesis and mineral characteristics of the oldest volcanogenic breccia unit from the Himalayan foreland basin, India","authors":"M.K. Shukla, Anupam Sharma","doi":"10.1016/j.grj.2017.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grj.2017.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Jangalgali breccia unit (JBU), the oldest volcanogenic rock unit in the Himalayan foreland basin, has been studied from five different, however, stratigraphically equivalent localities of Jammu region in NW India. The field and thin section slides of JBU reveal that quartz and plagioclase are the two most common minerals and sanidine, magmatic zircon, rutile, hornblende and biotite are present as accessory phases. Petrographic signatures show that quartz and K-feldspar are set in a fine-grained cryptocrystalline glassy matrix and do not represent any preferred orientation. The euhedral hexagonal dipyramidal quartz phenocrysts, irregularly shaped inclusions having high volatile contents and no signatures of transport/reworking in phenocrysts prior to deposition are the prominent petrographic features of JBU. The mineral grains arrangement varies between tight-fitted fabric geometry to more open-chaotic packing. Overall, the field relationship, texture, mineralogy along with mineral chemistry, and presence of high gas and silica content in the host magma, support the volcanic origin of the JBU litho unit, which has wider implications towards understanding the timing of India-Asia collision as well as geodynamic evolution of the Himalayas.</div>","PeriodicalId":93099,"journal":{"name":"GeoResJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 27-37"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.grj.2017.01.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48328205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Geochemistry of the Permian-Triassic sequences of the Guryul Ravine section, Jammu and Kashmir, India: Implications for oceanic redox conditions 印度查谟和克什米尔古烈峡谷剖面二叠纪-三叠纪层序地球化学:海洋氧化还原条件的意义

GeoResJ Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.grj.2017.02.006

Kamlesh Kumar , Rajni Tewari , Deepa Agnihotri , Anupam Sharma , Sundeep K. Pandita , Suresh S.K. Pillai , Vartika Singh , Ghulam D. Bhat

{"title":"Geochemistry of the Permian-Triassic sequences of the Guryul Ravine section, Jammu and Kashmir, India: Implications for oceanic redox conditions","authors":"Kamlesh Kumar , Rajni Tewari , Deepa Agnihotri , Anupam Sharma , Sundeep K. Pandita , Suresh S.K. Pillai , Vartika Singh , Ghulam D. Bhat","doi":"10.1016/j.grj.2017.02.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grj.2017.02.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Petrography and geochemistry including analysis of major, trace and rare earth elements have been carried out in the late Permian and early Triassic sediments of Guryul Ravine, Jammu and Kashmir, India to examine the palaeoenvironmental conditions at the Permo-Triassic boundary. A visible change in the lithostratigraphy from argillaceous∼carbonaceous mudstone in C Member (late Permian, Zewan Formation), to fine grained argillaceous siltstone with quartz in D Member-4m below the Late Permian Event Horizon was observed. The XRD analysis divulges more terrigenous input below the PTB which is also reinforced by the dominance of quartz whereas is the dominant clay mineral is illite followed by chlorite. The K2O+Na2O vs SiO2 plot indicates that the sediments at PTB were derived from andesite type of rocks (SiO2 52–63%) of intermediate composition. Major oxides SiO2, CaO, Na2O and MnO are most abundant in the D Member, whereas E Member is enriched in the Co, Ni, Cu, V and Zn indicating reducing conditions. Dominance of incompatible elements such as Ti, K, Rb, and Sr in finer shale fraction shows increased reworking of sediments. Moderate weathering is observed at PTB, whereas, below the LPEH, physical weathering is more. Y/HO ratio varies from 24–51 indicating that REEs are derived from shale source. The Corg:P is < 10:1 in the late Permian whereas it is > 10:1 in the early Triassic Period suggesting that the conditions transformed from oxidizing to reducing (maximum values noticed in sample no.5 (80:1)) indicating suboxic-anoxic conditions, which may be one of the causes of oceanic redox at PTB.</div>","PeriodicalId":93099,"journal":{"name":"GeoResJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 114-125"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.grj.2017.02.006","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48215993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 15

Fire occurrence on Mount Kenya and patterns of burning 肯尼亚山上的火灾和燃烧模式

GeoResJ Pub Date : 2017-06-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.grj.2016.12.003

Timothy A. Downing, Moses Imo, Johnstone Kimanzi

{"title":"Fire occurrence on Mount Kenya and patterns of burning","authors":"Timothy A. Downing, Moses Imo, Johnstone Kimanzi","doi":"10.1016/j.grj.2016.12.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grj.2016.12.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Tropical alpine areas serve important roles in the areas of biodiversity, hydrology, and carbon storage. These unique ecosystems are threatened by climate change and fire. Mount Kenya is one such area that has been faced by numerous large fires in recent years. The extent and patterning of these fires is analyzed in this study. Fires for the last 16 years were mapped with satellite imagery to create a fire history map and determine the current fire regime for the mountain. In addition, the major moorland fires over this period were mapped for severity using a spectral index. The results show that fire is a dominant force in Mount Kenya burning over 10% of the mountain in the past 16 years, and 33% of the alpine moorland areas. The fires are concentrated in the lower moorland just above the treeline, and likely play a role in determining the position of the treeline. The severity of the fires is largely low to moderate. There is no clear trend in fire quantity over this period, but the seasonality appears to have shifted from a bimodal pattern to a unimodal pattern. Also the inter-annual variability has increased considerably in the past few years. It is not clear how the vegetation, and in particular the Ericaceous vegetation which characterizes these moorlands, will respond to changing fire patterns.</div>","PeriodicalId":93099,"journal":{"name":"GeoResJ","volume":"13 ","pages":"Pages 17-26"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.grj.2016.12.003","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49571359","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

Cliff evolution and late Holocene relative sea level change along the Otranto coast (Salento peninsula, southern Apulia, Italy) 意大利阿普利亚南部萨伦托半岛奥特朗托海岸悬崖演化与晚全新世相对海平面变化

GeoResJ Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.grj.2016.07.001

P. Sansò , F. Gianfreda , G. Leucci , G. Mastronuzzi

{"title":"Cliff evolution and late Holocene relative sea level change along the Otranto coast (Salento peninsula, southern Apulia, Italy)","authors":"P. Sansò , F. Gianfreda , G. Leucci , G. Mastronuzzi","doi":"10.1016/j.grj.2016.07.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grj.2016.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div>The geomorphological analysis of cliff coast stretching to the north of Otranto (southern Apulia, Italy) was integrated by penetrometer tests and geophysical survey aiming to reconstruct its late Holocene evolution. In particular, the study focuses on the inactive cliff of Torre dell'Orso inlet which hosts a 150   <!-->m thick.The collated data along with the available local sea level curves allow to reconstruct Otranto's cliff evolution as the result of late Holocene relative sea-level change due to eustasy and land motions. Cliff development was promoted by a sea still-stand level at about 3.5 m below present mean sea level occurred between 3400 and 2400 years BP. A rapid sea level rise followed so that several tracts of cliffs were partly drowned becoming plunging cliffs. Cliff recession followed fast sea level rise only along preferential groundwater flow lines where hyperkarst process, due to fresh/salt water mixing, produced deep notches in the calcarenite bedrock inducing rock falls and cliff recession. This process is responsible for the indentation of present shoreline. Finally, during the last four centuries a wide beach and a high dune belt formed at Torre dell'Orso inlet as a result of the increased carry load of Ofanto River, so that the plunging cliff has been separated by shoreline becoming an inactive cliff.Finally, comparing the reconstructed local sea level history during the late Holocene with the available sea level curves produced by glacio-hydro-isostastic models, a yo-yoing land motion with a period of about 4500 years and amplitude of about 2 m can be inferred for the eastern coast of Salento peninsula.</div>","PeriodicalId":93099,"journal":{"name":"GeoResJ","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 42-53"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.grj.2016.07.001","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54365781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Understanding the sediment sources from mineral composition at the lower reach of Rupnarayan River, West Bengal, India – XRD-based analysis 从印度西孟加拉邦鲁纳拉扬河下游矿物组成了解沉积物来源——基于x射线衍射的分析

GeoResJ Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.grj.2016.09.004

Swapan Kumar Maity , Ramkrishna Maiti

{"title":"Understanding the sediment sources from mineral composition at the lower reach of Rupnarayan River, West Bengal, India – XRD-based analysis","authors":"Swapan Kumar Maity , Ramkrishna Maiti","doi":"10.1016/j.grj.2016.09.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grj.2016.09.004","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Sources of sediments have been identified through study of mineral composition of sediments in the lower reach of the Rupnarayan River, West Bengal, India by X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique to understand the causes and mechanisms of sedimentation. Collected sediment samples are washed by hot and distilled water, dried and disaggregated manually with a mortar and pestle. Sediment samples are scanned at 7°–45°2θ interval by XPERT-PRO diffractometer. Diffractograms generated from XRD analysis reveals that the entire reach under study shows the dominance of minerals including quartz, illite, chlorite, chloritoid, anatase, goethite, oligoclase, sillimanite and corundum, having their origin in the upper and middle catchment with little contribution from lower catchment and river banks. Statistical test indicates that except tourmaline and anatase, all the minerals show steady trend in concentration in sediments. PCA reveals that five Eigen values account for 82.092% of the total variation of the distribution of minerals. There is no conspicuous trend in the spatial distribution of the minerals in the study area. The minerals drained from upper catchment are caught up in the estuary and again redistributed upstream by stronger flood tide. This leads to an unsystematic and irregular distribution of minerals in the study area.</div>","PeriodicalId":93099,"journal":{"name":"GeoResJ","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 91-103"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.grj.2016.09.004","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54366205","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Holocene multistage massive ice, Sabettayakha river mouth, Yamal Peninsula, northwest Siberia 西伯利亚西北部亚马尔半岛Sabettayakha河口全新世多期块状冰

GeoResJ Pub Date : 2016-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.grj.2016.09.002

Yurij Vasil'chuk , Nadine Budantseva , Alla Vasil'chuk , Julia Chizhova , Yevgeny Podborny , Jessica Vasil'chuk

{"title":"Holocene multistage massive ice, Sabettayakha river mouth, Yamal Peninsula, northwest Siberia","authors":"Yurij Vasil'chuk , Nadine Budantseva , Alla Vasil'chuk , Julia Chizhova , Yevgeny Podborny , Jessica Vasil'chuk","doi":"10.1016/j.grj.2016.09.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.grj.2016.09.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div>Massive ground ice of Holocene age occurs in multiple boreholes near the Sabettayakha River mouth, on the coast of the Gulf of Ob (Ob Bay), Yamal Peninsula, northwest Siberia. The multistage massive-ice bodies are up to 5.7m thick and occur in Holocene sediments of modern floodplain and the first terrace of the coastal lagoon. Massive-ice bodies and cryopegs occur at three to four depths. According to stable isotope analyses, the multistage massive ice bodies formed syngenetically during the freezing of water-saturated sediment, under intensive cryogenic fractionation. Very negative values of δ2H (up to –199.7 ‰) and δ18O (up to –26.48 ‰) for the massive ice are unique not only for Holocene ground ice of Yamal Peninsula, but also for Late Pleistocene ice of northwest Siberia. The ratio of the chloride and sulfate anions, pollen spectra and presence of algae in three different types of massive ice near the Sabettayakha River mouth suggest that (1) vertically layered brown ice formed during freezing of water-saturated sands of the Ob Gulf; (2) brown non-laminated ice formed as a result of freezing of sublake talik water; and (3) white ultra-fresh ice also formed from lake and river water.</div>","PeriodicalId":93099,"journal":{"name":"GeoResJ","volume":"9 ","pages":"Pages 54-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1016/j.grj.2016.09.002","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"54366191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

GeoResJ最新文献