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Effects of ultrasonic vibration on the electroinitiated copolymerisation of styrene and isoprene 超声振动对苯乙烯和异戊二烯电引发共聚反应的影响
British Polymer Journal Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/PI.4980180415
U. Akbulut, L. Toppare, B. Yurttaş
{"title":"Effects of ultrasonic vibration on the electroinitiated copolymerisation of styrene and isoprene","authors":"U. Akbulut, L. Toppare, B. Yurttaş","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180415","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180415","url":null,"abstract":"Copolymerisation of styrene and isoprene by constant potential electrolysis in dichloromethane was achieved at different polymerisation potentials. Effect of ultrasonic vibration on the rate and the yield of polymerisation has been discussed. The composition of the copolymers was found to be affected by the vibration as well as the polymerisation potential (Epol). At Epol=+3.30 V we found that r1=r2 and mole percents of isoprene and styrene in copolymer were equal to each other. Equality was also observed on reacted monomer concentrations, at that potential, which can be called critical polymerisation potential. At Epol values above or below the critical polymerisation potential none of the above-mentioned properties were equal. Monomer reactivity ratios were determined by the integrated Lewis-Mayo equation. Ultrasonic vibration as well as polymerisation potential was found to affect reactivity ratios.","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83894721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Introduction to microlithography. Edited by L. F. Thompson, C. G . Willson and M. J. Bowden, ACS Symposium Series No. 219, American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 1983. pp. ix + 363, price £42.95 (USA & Cunada), $51.95 (export). ISBN 0-8412-0775-5
British Polymer Journal Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/PI.4980180426
L. Thompson, J. Cowie
{"title":"Introduction to microlithography. Edited by L. F. Thompson, C. G . Willson and M. J. Bowden, ACS Symposium Series No. 219, American Chemical Society, Washington DC, 1983. pp. ix + 363, price £42.95 (USA & Cunada), $51.95 (export). ISBN 0-8412-0775-5","authors":"L. Thompson, J. Cowie","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180426","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73279414","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 1
Ring-opening polymerization: Kinetics, mechanisms and synthesis. Edited by J. E. McGrath, ACS Symposium Series No. 286, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1985. pp. ix + 398, price $74.95 (USA & Canada), $89.95 (export) ISBN 0-8412-0926-X 开环聚合:动力学、机理和合成。由j.e. McGrath编辑，ACS研讨会系列286号，美国化学学会，华盛顿特区，1985年。pp. ix + 398，价格74.95美元(美国和加拿大)，89.95美元(出口)ISBN 0-8412-0926-X
British Polymer Journal Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/PI.4980180416
K. J. Ivin
{"title":"Ring-opening polymerization: Kinetics, mechanisms and synthesis. Edited by J. E. McGrath, ACS Symposium Series No. 286, American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., 1985. pp. ix + 398, price $74.95 (USA & Canada), $89.95 (export) ISBN 0-8412-0926-X","authors":"K. J. Ivin","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180416","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180416","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75262511","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Colloidal phenomena—advanced topics. C. S. Hirtzel and Raj Rajagopalan, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, New Jersey, 1985. pp. xv + 318, price $36.00 ISBN 0-8155-1013-X 胶体现象——高级课题。c.s. Hirtzel和Raj Rajagopalan, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, New Jersey, 1985。pp. xv + 318，售价$36.00 ISBN 0-8155-1013-X
British Polymer Journal Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/PI.4980180433
J. Gregory
{"title":"Colloidal phenomena—advanced topics. C. S. Hirtzel and Raj Rajagopalan, Noyes Publications, Park Ridge, New Jersey, 1985. pp. xv + 318, price $36.00 ISBN 0-8155-1013-X","authors":"J. Gregory","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180433","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180433","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73958010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polymers in medicine: Biochemical and pharmacological applications, (Polymer science & technology, Volume 23). Edited by E. Chiellini and P. Guisti, Plenum Press, New York, 1983. pp. x + 420, price $69.00 ($57.50 USA & Canada). ISBN 0‐306‐41360‐4 聚合物在医学:生化和药理学应用，(聚合物科学与技术，卷23)。E.基耶利尼和P.吉斯蒂主编，全会出版社，纽约，1983年。pp. x + 420，价格69.00美元(美国和加拿大为57.50美元)。ISBN 0 306还是41360量4
British Polymer Journal Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/PI.4980180418
C. Finch
{"title":"Polymers in medicine: Biochemical and pharmacological applications, (Polymer science & technology, Volume 23). Edited by E. Chiellini and P. Guisti, Plenum Press, New York, 1983. pp. x + 420, price $69.00 ($57.50 USA & Canada). ISBN 0‐306‐41360‐4","authors":"C. Finch","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180418","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180418","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77091876","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Behaviour of Composites Used in the Confinement of Nuclear Wastes 1 ‐ Water Absorption of Polymer Matrices 核废料约束用复合材料的行为1——聚合物基质的吸水性能
British Polymer Journal Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/PI.4980180409
E. Nicaise, A. Gandini, H. Cheradame
{"title":"Behaviour of Composites Used in the Confinement of Nuclear Wastes 1 ‐ Water Absorption of Polymer Matrices","authors":"E. Nicaise, A. Gandini, H. Cheradame","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180409","url":null,"abstract":"The diffusion of water into typical epoxide and polyester materials has been studied as a function of temperature, temperature cycles and polymer structure. A reversible uptake characterised by a diffusion coefficient and an equilibrium absorption was accompanied by an irreversible water uptake due to hydrolysis. Polyesters showed a pronounced tendency to degradation, particularly above room temperature. This preliminary investigation was conducted within the broader scope of a study dealing with the feasibility of embedding nuclear wastes in polymer matrices. The results obtained thus far are encouraging, notably with epoxide networks.","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75373650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 15
Structural Versatility of Homo‐peptides from Cα,α‐dialkylated Glycines c - α，α -二烷基甘氨酸同源肽结构的多功能性
British Polymer Journal Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/PI.4980180404
C. Toniolo
{"title":"Structural Versatility of Homo‐peptides from Cα,α‐dialkylated Glycines","authors":"C. Toniolo","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180404","url":null,"abstract":"A theoretical and experimental analysis of the preferred conformations of homo-peptides from Cα,α-dialkylated glycines revealed that these compounds are characterised by a marked structural versatility. Fully extended (C5-conformations). folded (of theβ-bend type), and 310-helical structures are adopted as a function of side-chain nature. Dimethylated and cyclic side chains favour folded and helical structures, whereas diethylated and longer acyclic side chains favour the fully extended structure. By means of conformational energy calculations the preferred screw sense of the helical structure of homo-peptides from a representative chiral acyclic residue is also anticipated.","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74538648","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 19
Direct Mass Spectrometry of Polymers 聚合物的直接质谱分析
British Polymer Journal Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/PI.4980180406
G. Montaudo
{"title":"Direct Mass Spectrometry of Polymers","authors":"G. Montaudo","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180406","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180406","url":null,"abstract":"The analysis of polymers by direct mass spectrometry is reviewed, and the principles of the method and some experimental aspects are discussed. Both pyrolysis and desorption methods are described. The mass spectrometric method provides the characterisation of intractable materials and their detection at the submicrogram level; the simultaneous identification and detection of additives or oligomers contained in polymer samples; the identification of components of polymer mixtures, the sequential analysis of copolymers; the identification of the primary thermal fragmentation products of polymers. Direct mass spectrometry has been widely applied to the structural analysis of synthetic and natural polymers. Published work covers nearly all classes of polymers.","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77699970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 41
Peptide and protein reviews, Volume 3. Edited by M. T. W. Hearn, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1984. pp. 225, price $63.00. ISBN 0-8247-7241-5 肽和蛋白质评论，卷3。M. T. W. Hearn编辑，Marcel Dekker，纽约，1984年。第225页，售价63.00美元。ISBN 0-8247-7241-5
British Polymer Journal Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/PI.4980180424
B. Malcolm
{"title":"Peptide and protein reviews, Volume 3. Edited by M. T. W. Hearn, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1984. pp. 225, price $63.00. ISBN 0-8247-7241-5","authors":"B. Malcolm","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180424","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80353917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Polymeric Photoinitiators Containing Side-chain Ketoaromatic Moieties for Fast Ultraviolet Initiated Polymerisation of Acrylic Monomers 含侧链酮芳基团的丙烯酸单体紫外快速聚合聚合聚合光引发剂
British Polymer Journal Pub Date : 1986-07-01 DOI: 10.1002/PI.4980180407
C. Carlini
{"title":"Polymeric Photoinitiators Containing Side-chain Ketoaromatic Moieties for Fast Ultraviolet Initiated Polymerisation of Acrylic Monomers","authors":"C. Carlini","doi":"10.1002/PI.4980180407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/PI.4980180407","url":null,"abstract":"The synthesis of polymeric photoinitiators having side-chain cyclohexylphenylketone as well as benzophenone moieties at different distances from the backbone is described. Study of the activity of the former systems, in the ultraviolet initiated polymerisation of acrylic monomers, indicates that a remarkable increase in the polymerisation rate is observed when the cyclohexylphenylketone chromophore is attached to the main chain through an ethereal linkage rather than an ester group. In the case of the latter systems, considerable improvement is observed in the photoinitiating activity with respect to the corresponding low molecular weight model compounds in the polymerisation of acrylic monomers. Moreover, in general the copolymers of benzophenone-containing monomers show higher activity than the corresponding homopolymers. These results are discussed in terms of photoexcitation energy migration along the polymer chain, as well as of intramolecular hydrogen abstraction from both main and side chains. This last occurrence seems to be the main activation process, as suggested by a strict correlation between activity and hydrogen-donating properties of the co-units in the copolymers, Photophysical evidence supporting this point is also reported. Finally, the synthesis of polymeric photoinitiators, containing both benzophenone and tertiary amine groups in the same macromolecule, has been accomplished via copolymerisation of 4-acryloxybenzophenone with 4-(N,N-dimethylamino)styrene. Preliminary data concerning photoinitiating activity of these last copolymers indicate that conformational mobility affects the formation capability of exciplexes and then the activity itself.","PeriodicalId":9298,"journal":{"name":"British Polymer Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1986-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89241817","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 18
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