Global reproductive health最新文献

{"title":"Assisted reproduction and COVID-19: a joint statement of ASRM, ESHRE, and IFFS.","authors":"Anna Veiga, Luca Gianaroli, Steve Ory, Marcos Horton, Eve Feinberg, Alan Penzias","doi":"10.1097/GRH.0000000000000040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GRH.0000000000000040","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92638,"journal":{"name":"Global reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/GRH.0000000000000040","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39124057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 in pregnancy.","authors":"Anne E Martini","doi":"10.1097/GRH.0000000000000047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GRH.0000000000000047","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Evidence continues to emerge on the impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19) in pregnancy. Compared with previous coronavirus outbreaks (severe acute respiratory syndrome and Middle East respiratory syndrome), recent reports suggest that pregnant women who contract SARS-CoV-2 have lower rates of maternal and fetal complications; however, the incidence of preterm birth remains elevated. The potential for vertical transmission is still under investigation. Universal testing of women admitted to labor and delivery is being encouraged in most centers.</p>","PeriodicalId":92638,"journal":{"name":"Global reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7513955/pdf/gr9-5-10.1097.grh.0000000000000047.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39124056","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The efficacy of microsurgical varicocelectomy as a salvage option for grade 1 varicocele: a retrospective study","authors":"Shinnosuke Kuroda, Kimitsugu Usui, Kohei Mori, Hiroyuki Sanjo, T. Takeshima, T. Kawahara, H. Uemura, Y. Yumura","doi":"10.1097/GRH.0000000000000046","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GRH.0000000000000046","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Varicocele is an abnormal dilation and tortuosity of the pampiniform venous plexus within the spermatic cord. Although varicocele repair is recommended for male infertile patients with palpable varicocele, it is controversial whether varicocele repair should be performed in patients with low-grade varicocele. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of varicocelectomy as a salvage option for patients with grade 1 varicocele. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed data of 38 male infertility patients with grade 1 varicocele who visited the Reproduction Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, between April 2013 and July 2017 and could be followed up for more than 6 months after treatment. Patients were divided into 2 groups: those treated with an oral antioxidant and traditional herbal medicine alone and those who additionally underwent microsurgical varicocelectomy. Patients’ characteristics and pretreatment and posttreatment semen parameters were compared between the groups using unpaired t and χ2 tests. Results: Twenty-four patients were treated with oral medication alone, and 14 underwent surgery in addition to receiving medication. Six months after the start of treatment, motile sperm concentrations were 4.939±6.257×106/mL and 9.853±16.8×106/mL in the medication and surgery groups, respectively (P=0.26). The amount of change in the motile sperm concentration was significantly higher in the surgery group than in the medication group (−0.94±5.82×106/mL vs. 4.33±5.46×106/mL, P=0.029). Conclusions: Motile sperm concentration significantly improved in patients who additionally underwent surgery. Microsurgical varicocelectomy is an effective salvage option for patients with grade 1 varicocele.","PeriodicalId":92638,"journal":{"name":"Global reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47947152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 found in semen.","authors":"Olivia J Carpinello","doi":"10.1097/GRH.0000000000000044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GRH.0000000000000044","url":null,"abstract":"With a novel coronavirus comes novel unknowns. One such unknown was whether or not the SARS-CoV-2 virus could be detected in semen. A recent report demonstrated the presence of the virus in semen, which raises additional questions.","PeriodicalId":92638,"journal":{"name":"Global reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/GRH.0000000000000044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39124054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.","authors":"Karrie Walker","doi":"10.1097/GRH.0000000000000042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GRH.0000000000000042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>With the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic creating such a wide-reaching health crisis, it is imperative that a safe and effective vaccine be developed promptly for global availability. As such, there are several vaccine development projects currently underway aiming to meet this critical demand. However, COVID vaccine development is not immune to the inherent limitations and challenges that are encountered during vaccine clinical trials.</p>","PeriodicalId":92638,"journal":{"name":"Global reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/GRH.0000000000000042","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39124053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"COVID-19 antibody testing: future directions.","authors":"Jessica R Zolton","doi":"10.1097/GRH.0000000000000045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GRH.0000000000000045","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has rapidly spread around the world, impacting every aspect of life. Valuable research is currently being conducted to understand disease transmission, detection, and treatment. As countries begin to relax policies aimed to reduce disease transmission, contact tracing and antibody testing will likely be incorporated to slow the spread of COVID-19. However, future research is needed to determine if the presence of COVID-19 antibodies offers immunity.</p>","PeriodicalId":92638,"journal":{"name":"Global reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/GRH.0000000000000045","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39124055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cost-effective analysis of infertility treatment in women with anovulatory polycystic ovarian syndrome","authors":"M. Saad-Naguib, D. Timmons, K. Krishnamoorthy, G. Attia","doi":"10.1097/GRH.0000000000000038","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GRH.0000000000000038","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a common cause of female infertility. Clomiphene citrate (CC) is a first line treatment for infertility secondary to PCOS, in addition to Letrozole. After unsuccessful cycles using CC and timed intercourse, pregnancy may be achieved using in-vitro fertilization (IVF), bypassing gonadotropins. We explore the most efficient and cost-effective way to obtain at least 70% live-birth rate in PCOS patients who fail first-line treatment. Materials and methods: A review of relevant trials using PUBMED was performed to obtain pregnancy rates of women with PCOS undergoing various treatments. Six randomized trials were included in this study. We used 761 cycles from these trials. Four different protocols were structured: protocol 1 consisted of 3 cycles of CC/intrauterine insemination (IUI) followed by 3 cycles of human menopausal gonadotropin stimulation with IUI followed by 2 cycles of IVF/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI). Protocol 2 involved 3 cycles of CC/IUI followed by 2 cycles of IVF/ICSI. Protocol 3 was comprised of 3 cycles of human menopausal gonadotropin/IUI followed by 2 cycles of IVF/ICSI, and protocol 4 was composed of 2 cycles of IVF/ICSI and 1 cycle of frozen embryo transfer. Each protocol was analyzed for cost per live birth and time to live birth. Results: Protocol 1 yielded a live-birth rate of 75%, costing $34,923 per live-birth achieved over a 10-month period. Protocol 2 yielded a pregnancy rate of 71%, costing $32,172 over 7 months. Protocol 3 yielded a pregnancy rate of 73%, costing $39,812 over 7 months. Lastly, protocol 4 yielded a pregnancy rate of 70%, costing $37,884 per pregnancy over a 5-month period. Conclusion: Protocol 4 was the most efficient, reaching a 70% live birth rate in a 5-month period. Protocol 2 was the most cost-effective, with a total cost of $32,172 per live birth. These results will assist physicians in counseling PCOS patients with subfertility to determine the optimal treatment method.","PeriodicalId":92638,"journal":{"name":"Global reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/GRH.0000000000000038","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47735677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The global impact of COVID-19 on infertility services.","authors":"Steven J Ory, Kathleen A Miller, Marcos Horton, Linda Giudice","doi":"10.1097/GRH.0000000000000043","DOIUrl":"10.1097/GRH.0000000000000043","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The COVID-19 pandemic has posed unique concerns and potential risks to women now pregnant or considering childbearing. Although no professional societies have issued recommendations that women avoid conception at this time, several professional organizations recommended a moratorium on infertility services including both medically assisted reproduction and assisted reproductive technology shortly after the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 infection to be a pandemic. Reasons cited for undertaking these extraordinary measures included prevention of possible complications of assisted reproductive technology and medically assisted reproduction and virus induced complications of pregnancy including potential vertical transmission to the fetus and optimization use of critical health care resources. A survey of reproductive health providers in 97 countries was undertaken to assess their response to the pandemic and recently issued guidance. Although different countries reacted differently with diverse responses and variable resources, the results suggest that the reproductive health community has largely been responsive to public health and individual patient concerns.</p>","PeriodicalId":92638,"journal":{"name":"Global reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ftp.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pub/pmc/oa_pdf/3a/d0/gr9-5-10.1097.grh.0000000000000043.PMC7434007.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39124052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"SARS CoV-2: a review of current treatment regimens.","authors":"Joshua C Combs","doi":"10.1097/GRH.0000000000000041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/GRH.0000000000000041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>SARS CoV-2, otherwise known as Corona virus 2019 (COVID-19) has left >300,000 dead without a definitive cure in sight. Significant research has been conducted regarding the use of currently available pharmacotherapies and multiple clinical trials are underway to bring new treatments to market. While supportive treatment remains the standard of care, additional therapeutic regimens including antivirals, monoclonal antibodies, antibiotics, anti-inflammatories, immunoenhancers, vitamins, systemic steroids, inhalants, anticoagulants, and convalescent plasma are showing promise.</p>","PeriodicalId":92638,"journal":{"name":"Global reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7434002/pdf/gr9-5-10.1097.grh.0000000000000041.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39124050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brief Report Treatment of infertility and menopause in a patient with multiple sclerosis affecting the pituitary stalk: a case report.","authors":"A Aserlind,&nbsp;A DeCherney","doi":"10.1097/grh.0000000000000036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/grh.0000000000000036","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated inflammatory disease characterized by demyelination of the CNS that affects women in their child-bearing years. There has been no absolute data to suggest infertility in this population; however, women with MS may exhibit decreased fertility due to various etiologies. Furthermore, their transition into menopause presents unique aspects in patient care.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We report a case of a 38 year-old female with a diagnosis of MS with subsequent secondary amenorrhea and primary infertility. Multidisciplinary work-up with was consistent with hypothalamic hypogonadism secondary to MS affecting the pituitary stalk. She was treated for infertility in our clinic as well as management of her menopausal symptoms.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The patient conceived triplets after 2 cycles of ovarian stimulation with injectable gonadotropins and intrauterine insemination. She underwent fetal reduction to twins. After completion of childbearing, she was treated for menopausal symptoms with various hormonal therapies and ultimately remained on oral conjugated estrogens with no symptoms.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>To our knowledge, this is the first report of infertility caused by suspected MS involvement of the pituitary stalk. In this patient population, infertility treatment can be successful with gonadotropins and alleviation of menopausal symptoms can be achieved with hormone replacement.</p>","PeriodicalId":92638,"journal":{"name":"Global reproductive health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1097/grh.0000000000000036","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"38744334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}