Trends in research最新文献

Role of tumor microenvironment in the efficacy of BCG therapy. 肿瘤微环境在卡介苗治疗效果中的作用。

Trends in research Pub Date : 2020-10-01 Epub Date: 2020-08-17 DOI: 10.15761/tr.1000170

Omar M Ibrahim, Ravindra K Pandey, Gurkamal Chatta, Pawel Kalinski

引用次数: 5

A multinational e-survey on the delivery of cardiology services in Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic: what should we expect after this pandemic? 关于新冠肺炎大流行期间非洲心脏病服务提供情况的跨国电子调查：在这场大流行之后，我们应该期待什么？

Trends in research Pub Date : 2020-07-24 DOI: 10.1101/2020.07.24.20160390

C. Nganou-Gnindjio, M. Temgoua, L. Kuaté, C. Nkoke, J. Tochie, Valerie Ndobo-Kue, Amalia Owona-Nsiaguam, J. Boombhi, R. Kipenge, Urbain Huba, Malick Kane, Mohamed Taha el Jirari, Sylvie Ndongo-Amougou, B. Hamadou, A. Ménanga, S. Kingue

{"title":"A multinational e-survey on the delivery of cardiology services in Africa during the COVID-19 pandemic: what should we expect after this pandemic?","authors":"C. Nganou-Gnindjio, M. Temgoua, L. Kuaté, C. Nkoke, J. Tochie, Valerie Ndobo-Kue, Amalia Owona-Nsiaguam, J. Boombhi, R. Kipenge, Urbain Huba, Malick Kane, Mohamed Taha el Jirari, Sylvie Ndongo-Amougou, B. Hamadou, A. Ménanga, S. Kingue","doi":"10.1101/2020.07.24.20160390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2020.07.24.20160390","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Objective: To evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the delivery of cardiology services in Africa. Design: Cross-sectional e-survey study. Setting: African countries Participants: Cardiologists Primary and Secondary outcomes measures: The primary outcome was the change in service delivery in African cardiology units during the on-going COVID-19 pandemic. The secondary outcomes were the satisfaction of cardiologists with regards to the workload and factors associated with this satisfaction. Results: There was a significant reduction in working time and the number of patients consulted by week during this pandemic (p<0.001). In general, there was a decrease in the overall activities in cardiovascular care delivery. The majority of cardiology services (76.5%) and consulting programs (85%) were adjusted to the pandemic. Only half of the participants were satisfied with their workload. Reconfiguration of the consultation schedule was associated with a reduced satisfaction of participants (p=0.02). Conclusions: COVID-19 is associated with an overall reduction in cardiology services rendered in Africa. Since the cardiovascular burdens continue to increase in this part of the World and the risk of cardiovascular complications linked to SARS COV2 remains unchanged cardiology, departments in Africa should anticipate a significant surge of cardiology services demanded by patients after the COVID-19 pandemic.","PeriodicalId":92597,"journal":{"name":"Trends in research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42304563","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Comparison of genomic DNA extraction methods to obtain high DNA quality from barnyard grass (Echinochloa colona) 禾草基因组DNA高质量提取方法的比较

Trends in research Pub Date : 2020-07-14 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-41129/v1

R. Salgotra, B. Chauhan

{"title":"Comparison of genomic DNA extraction methods to obtain high DNA quality from barnyard grass (Echinochloa colona)","authors":"R. Salgotra, B. Chauhan","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-41129/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-41129/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: The study of weed genomics is important for the effective management of weeds to enhance crop yield. A rapid, inexpensive and high quality DNA extraction is needed for genomic and other molecular studies. Here, we describe the protocols for DNA extraction from two different parts of the Echinochloa colona plant using modified cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) and a commercial kit.Results: In the study, it was observed that the DNA extracted from plant leaf tissues and dry seeds with a modified CTAB protocol was of good quality, with no contaminations of polysaccharides and essential oils. Quality of DNA extracted from dry seeds was comparable with that of plant leaves under both protocols. The extracted DNA from both plant parts was successfully amplified by PCR using the EPSPS microsatellite marker. Compared to the protocol of DNA extracted from leaf tissue, dry seeds will save time and other valuable resources. Moreover, the same protocols can be implemented for the extraction of high-quality DNA for molecular studies in other plant species where a large amount of polysaccharides, secondary metabolites and essential oils are present.Conclusions: Modified methods of DNA extraction from dry seeds are efficient and time-saving which can be used in genotypic and other molecular approaches. High-quality DNA can be isolated from plant leaf tissues using modified CTAB and commercial kits, however, DNA extracted from dry seeds will save time and other valuable resources.","PeriodicalId":92597,"journal":{"name":"Trends in research","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48465863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

SCOT is a vital enzyme for tumors: With reference to Carney Triad Cancers and the ketogenic diet SCOT是肿瘤的重要酶:参考卡尼三联体癌症和生酮饮食

Trends in research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/tr.1000156

Maurice Israël, L. Schwartz

{"title":"SCOT is a vital enzyme for tumors: With reference to Carney Triad Cancers and the ketogenic diet","authors":"Maurice Israël, L. Schwartz","doi":"10.15761/tr.1000156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tr.1000156","url":null,"abstract":"Mitotic tumor cells have to synthetize fatty acids and lipid membranes; fatty acid synthesis forms a malonylCoA intermediate, which inhibits the mitochondrial fatty acid carnityl transporter and closes automatically their degradation and beta-oxidation into acetylCoA. Since the glycolytic supply of acetylCoA is OFF as well, (a persistent phosphorylation inhibits pyruvate kinase and pyruvate dehydrogenase); tumor cells become vitally dependent of ketolysis and of the specific ketolytic enzyme: succinyl-CoA: 3-oxoacid-CoA transferase (SCOT) for making acetylCoA in their mitochondria. We discuss the supply of the two substrates driving this enzyme: the first, succinylCoA, in relation to succinodehydrogenase (SDH)-deficient cancers of the Carney Triad; and the second, acetoacetic acid, in relation to the ketogenic diet. inhibitor for the ketolytic enzyme was in use for other medical indications; it may then block the tumor. Further, we earlier showed a regression of tumors after slowing down the citrate mitochondrial efflux, and inhibiting ATP citrate lyase, with lipoic acid-hydroxycitrate mixtures. However, tumor cells develop a salvage pathway by incorporating external acetate into the lipogenic pathway, via a cytosolic acetylCoA synthetase; allicine and orotic acid inhibit this enzyme.","PeriodicalId":92597,"journal":{"name":"Trends in research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67513111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Dealing with Lassa fever: Managing and curtailing the virus from the healthcare workers perspective in Nigeria 处理拉沙热:从尼日利亚卫生保健工作者的角度管理和遏制病毒

Trends in research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/tr.1000159

Idigbe Ie, M. Az, Amoo Os, Salu Ob, Shaibu Jo, C. Abejegah, A. Oo, Ezechi Oc, Omilabu Sa, Audu Ra, Salako Bl

{"title":"Dealing with Lassa fever: Managing and curtailing the virus from the healthcare workers perspective in Nigeria","authors":"Idigbe Ie, M. Az, Amoo Os, Salu Ob, Shaibu Jo, C. Abejegah, A. Oo, Ezechi Oc, Omilabu Sa, Audu Ra, Salako Bl","doi":"10.15761/tr.1000159","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tr.1000159","url":null,"abstract":"Lassa virus is the causative agent of Lassa fever (LF) and the viral hemorrhagic fever caused by a rodent-borne arenavirus and endemic in West Africa. The outbreak in Nigeria has been a public health challenge. Although awareness is being created and treatment provided there are drivers that could play a role in the progress of the treatment or inhibit the treatment. This could also influence the role of healthcare workers in providing treatment and care to the patients. Treatment of Lassa fever is mainly supportive and societal attributes can make or mar the treatment outcome as well as the spread of the disease. Unfortunately, effective strategies to address these drivers have not been fully utilized. The study assessed how thirty-four healthcare workers perceived Lassa fever and the factors that influenced the treatment and response process in Ondo state. A qualitative study was conducted utilizing Focus Group Discussions and In-depth Interviews to collect data from thirty-four healthcare workers providing treatment and care to Lassa fever suspects, confirmed cases, significant others and contacts. Four Focus Group Discussions (six participants each) and ten In-depth Interviews were conducted to determine the impact of the Lassa fever epidemic and the factors that influenced treatment and management. The study was conducted among healthcare workers who had been in contact with Lassa fever patients at one point in time in private and public hospitals in Ondo State. The data collected was analyzed using the thematic analysis to determine the factors that had an impact on treatment and management. Some of the highlighted themes ranged from denial, acceptance, stigma, and proximity to run test/confirm cases to limited PPE materials. The findings highlight the need to create awareness, train healthcare workers and engage stakeholders on best practices in treating and managing Lassa fever.","PeriodicalId":92597,"journal":{"name":"Trends in research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67513476","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Developing a highly validated and sensitive HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of losartan and spironolactone in tablets and human plasma 建立高效液相色谱法同时测定片剂和血浆中氯沙坦和螺内酯的含量

Trends in research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/tr.1000164

M. Sebaiy, Sobhy M. El-Adl, M. Baraka, A. Hassan

{"title":"Developing a highly validated and sensitive HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of losartan and spironolactone in tablets and human plasma","authors":"M. Sebaiy, Sobhy M. El-Adl, M. Baraka, A. Hassan","doi":"10.15761/tr.1000164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tr.1000164","url":null,"abstract":"An isocratic HPLC method had been developed and validated for rapid simultaneous separation and determination of the two antihypertensive drugs, losartan and spironolactone in tablet dosage forms and also in presence of human plasma within 6 minutes. Separation was carried out on a Thermo Scientific ® BDS Hypersil C 8 column (5 µm, 2.50×4.60 mm) using a mobile phase of ACN: 0.025 M KH 2 PO 4 (60:40, v/v) adjusted to pH 3.49 with ortho - phosphoric acid at ambient temperature. The flow rate was 1 ml/min and maximum absorption was measured using DAD detector at 235 nm. The retention times of losartan and spironolactone were recorded to be 3.47, and 4.63 minutes respectively, indicating a shorter analysis time. Limits of detection were reported to be 0.07 and 0.15 µg/ml for losartan and spironolactone, respectively, showing a high degree of the method sensitivity. The method was then validated according to FDA guidelines for the determination of the drugs either in tablets with highly precise recoveries or clinically in human plasma specially regarding pharmacokinetic and bioequivalence studies.","PeriodicalId":92597,"journal":{"name":"Trends in research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67513587","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A study of biofilm formation in marine bacteria isolated from ballast tank fluids 从压载舱液体中分离的海洋细菌形成生物膜的研究

Trends in research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/tr.1000169

Lahiru Malalasekara, D. Henderson, A. Oldham

{"title":"A study of biofilm formation in marine bacteria isolated from ballast tank fluids","authors":"Lahiru Malalasekara, D. Henderson, A. Oldham","doi":"10.15761/tr.1000169","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tr.1000169","url":null,"abstract":"Seawater-compensated fuel ballast systems maintain ship stability as fuel is spent but can introduce microorganisms that form biofilms, biodegrade fuel components, or enhance corrosion; all of which increase operating and maintenance costs. The aim of this study was to isolate planktonic bacteria from ballast tank fluids and taxonomically classify those that formed biofilm in culture. Twenty-two isolates were identified as belonging to seven genera based on 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Of the seven genera represented Alteromonas , Pseudoalteromonas , and Brevundimonas strains produced quantifiable biofilm in crystal violet assays. To test the hypothesis that the level of bulk nutrients would influence the extent of biofilm formation, isolates were grown in a conventional marine medium and marine medium supplemented with tryptone and yeast extract to represent standard and nutrient-replete media, respectively. While 80% of the Pseudoalteromonas strains produced 7 to 11-fold more biofilm in conventional medium vs. the supplemented medium, 64% of Alteromonas strains produced up to 50-fold less in the same medium. These results suggest that bulk nutrients influence the extent of biofilm formation in a taxa-specific fashion in these marine organisms. The sole Dasania marina isolate failed to display considerable biofilm growth in either media but was the only isolate to produce quorum sensing molecule(s), N-acyl homoserine lactone(s), in assays using an Agrobacterium tumefaciens reporter strain. Whether N-acyl homoserine lactones produced by D. marina could modulate biofilm formation in the other organisms isolated in this study would require further investigation.","PeriodicalId":92597,"journal":{"name":"Trends in research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67513820","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

The alteration of the amino acids (AAs) pool in T2DM is marked by marked depletion of phenylalanine and selective deficiency of non-essential AAs 2型糖尿病患者氨基酸(AAs)库的改变表现为苯丙氨酸的显著耗竭和非必需AAs的选择性缺乏

Trends in research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/tr.1000166

Rabab Asghar Abdulwahab, A. Al-Laith, J. Abbas, H. Giha

{"title":"The alteration of the amino acids (AAs) pool in T2DM is marked by marked depletion of phenylalanine and selective deficiency of non-essential AAs","authors":"Rabab Asghar Abdulwahab, A. Al-Laith, J. Abbas, H. Giha","doi":"10.15761/tr.1000166","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/tr.1000166","url":null,"abstract":"In type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) the global metabolic disturbances are known to involve all macromolecules. Although the carbohydrates and lipid profiles are routinely tested in T2DM, limited data is available about proteins and amino acids (AAs). In this case-control prospective study the AAs profile in T2DM was investigated and the results were interpreted in a context of metabolic changes in diabetes and associated disorders. Fasting blood samples from 70 Bahraini subjects, 35 with T2DM treated with metformin only and 35 healthy controls, were collected. The plasma levels of 13 AAs were measured by HPLC in addition to the glycemic and lipid profiles parameters. Several statistical models were used to test 21 variables, including the 13 AAs, for prediction of T2DM. The results revealed a marked decrease in median plasma level of Phe in T2DM compared with the control, 12.73, 6.84-94.32 vs. 136.88, 65.15-206.47, p<0.001, and a significant decrease in levels of 4 non-essential AAs (Gly, Gln, Asp, and Tyr). The results were confirmed by multiple logistic regression analysis. The Bivariate and Factor analyses revealed that the AAs panel was comparable to the glycemic and lipid panels in T2DM prediction. The implication of AAs deficiency in protein and AAs derivatives’ synthesis in T2DM and associated disorders e.g. hypothyroidism was discussed. In conclusion, T2DM treated with metformin only was associated with marked depletion of Phe and deficiency of other non-essential AAs. The potential use of AAs as supplements as well as a biomarker in T2DM were suggested.","PeriodicalId":92597,"journal":{"name":"Trends in research","volume":"92 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67513652","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Strategies for containing an emerging COVID-19 pandemic in a population: an epidemiological survey 在人群中遏制新发COVID-19大流行的战略:流行病学调查

Trends in research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/TR.1000173

Mônica Santos de Melo, L. Borges, D. Souza, A. Martins, P. C. Borges, José Melquiades de Rezende Neto, M. Serafini, Marcos Dósea, Makson G. B. Oliveira

{"title":"Strategies for containing an emerging COVID-19 pandemic in a population: an epidemiological survey","authors":"Mônica Santos de Melo, L. Borges, D. Souza, A. Martins, P. C. Borges, José Melquiades de Rezende Neto, M. Serafini, Marcos Dósea, Makson G. B. Oliveira","doi":"10.15761/TR.1000173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15761/TR.1000173","url":null,"abstract":"Background : The new coronavirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), which causes COVID-19 disease, was detected on December 31, 2019 in Wuhan, China. Brazil has the second highest number of recorded cases, and the sixth highest numbers of deaths caused by COVID-19, as of May 28, 2020. This study present a model epidemiological survey to detect the prevalence of SARS-CoV-2 and to demonstrate a new health technology tool, whose use could be extended to other parts of Brazil. Methods : To describe the study location, selected population, biological sample collection and laboratory treatment, and the development of a technological health tool, MonitoraSUS. These events make up the structure of an epidemiological survey model. Authors' consideration : We believe that the data released in official epidemiological bulletins does not reflect the real number of infected people in the population. The application of this model epidemiological survey can show the actual prevalence of the disease. In order to do this, our group developed a new technological tool that could be used to record and analyze data on the sociodemographic characteristics, comorbidities, and geolocation of patients with the outcomes. Conclusion : The use of this epidemiological survey model is an effective, and inexpensive strategy to measure the prevalence of confirmed cases of COVID-19, and can contribute to improved outcomes for the population by providing a better understanding of the distribution of the disease, and allowing more effective social distancing measures to be put in place.","PeriodicalId":92597,"journal":{"name":"Trends in research","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67513847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Control of acariosis in Helix aspersa Müller in production farms 生产猪场螺旋体小蠹病的防治

Trends in research Pub Date : 2020-01-01 DOI: 10.15761/tr.1000162

A. Yuste, A. Calvo, J. Marcelo, A. El, E. Nogué, M. Calvo

引用次数: 0