Charlotte Simmler, Shao-Nong Chen, Jeff Anderson, David C Lankin, Rasika Phansalkar, Elizabeth Krause, Birgit Dietz, Judy L Bolton, Dejan Nikolic, Richard B van Breemen, Guido F Pauli
{"title":"Botanical Integrity: Part 2: Traditional and Modern Analytical Approaches.","authors":"Charlotte Simmler, Shao-Nong Chen, Jeff Anderson, David C Lankin, Rasika Phansalkar, Elizabeth Krause, Birgit Dietz, Judy L Bolton, Dejan Nikolic, Richard B van Breemen, Guido F Pauli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The concept of botanical integrity (BI), introduced previously in <i>HerbalGram</i> issue 106, involves the determination of identity, homogeneity, bioactivity, and safety of plant-derived materials designated for human consumption.<sup>1</sup> It goes beyond previously established quality control principles. The inaugural article in this series described the three major domains of expertise that are required to assess BI (as noted in Figure 1): botanical examination (botany), phytochemical analysis (chemistry), and biological efficacy and safety assessments (bioactivity, which encompasses the fields of pharmacology and toxicology).</p>","PeriodicalId":92518,"journal":{"name":"HerbalGram","volume":"109 ","pages":"60-64"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6168214/pdf/nihms944342.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41179853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Charlotte Simmler, Shao-Nong Chen, Jeff Anderson, David C Lankin, Rasika Phansalkar, Elizabeth Krause, Birgit Dietz, Judy L Bolton, Dejan Nikolic, Richard B van Breemen, Guido F Pauli
{"title":"Botanical Integrity: The Importance of the Integration of Chemical, Biological, and Botanical Analyses, and the Role of DNA Barcoding.","authors":"Charlotte Simmler, Shao-Nong Chen, Jeff Anderson, David C Lankin, Rasika Phansalkar, Elizabeth Krause, Birgit Dietz, Judy L Bolton, Dejan Nikolic, Richard B van Breemen, Guido F Pauli","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Raw materials, ingredients, and products derived from plants are commonly referred to as herbs or botanicals in both the biomedical literature and the natural products health industry. This overarching term includes the breadth of crude herbs, plant parts, and the ingredients made from them, and also covers finished products such as botanical dietary supplements. Botanical dietary supplements are intended to supplement the human diet and are composed primarily of powdered plant parts, their extracts, or other preparations derived from crude herbal material; some formulations include other ingredients such as vitamins, minerals, and amino acids. Botanical dietary supplements are highly complex mixtures reflecting the diverse chemical constituents that comprise the source plant's raw material. Botanical analysis is an intricate analytical challenge requiring specialized skills and instrumentation that is different from those required for quality control of chemically simpler pharmaceuticals, or for the safety assessment of many conventional food or other products that are generally regarded as safe (GRAS).</p>","PeriodicalId":92518,"journal":{"name":"HerbalGram","volume":"106 ","pages":"58-60"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2015-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6168204/pdf/nihms944337.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36601672","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}