Journal of lung health and diseases最新文献

{"title":"Race by Education Intersectional Differences in Exposure to Tobacco Advertisement in Baltimore City","authors":"P. Sheikhattari, Rifath Ara Alam Barsha, J. Apata, Shervin Assari","doi":"10.29245/2689-999x/2023/2.1184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29245/2689-999x/2023/2.1184","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: This study aimed to examine the intersectional effects of race and educational attainment on tobacco advertising exposure among adults in Baltimore, given the growing evidence on differential influence of education for Black and White populations. Methods: A survey was conducted in Baltimore, collecting data on educational attainment, demographics, and tobacco advertising exposure among adults (n = 3028, 22.7% 18 – 29, 17.9% 30 – 39, 23.4% 40 – 49, 20.9% 50–59, and 11.1% 60+ years old). The sample included both Black and White adult individuals. Logistic regression analyses were employed to assess the association between educational attainment and tobacco advertising exposure, without and with interaction with race, adjusting for relevant covariates such as age, gender, and employment. Sensitivity analysis also controlled for smoking status. Results: The study results indicated that while high educational attainment is associated with less exposure to tobacco ads, highly educated Black adults report significantly higher tobacco advertising exposure compared to highly educated White adults. Same results were observed after controlling for smoking status. Conclusion: Educational attainment may not exhibit a large protective effect against environmental risks such as tobacco ad exposure for Black populations, possibly because of segregation and racism that hinder highly educated Black people ability to move to low-risk neighborhoods.","PeriodicalId":92410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung health and diseases","volume":"46 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139185522","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems (ENDS), Marginalized Populations, and Tobacco Regulatory Policies","authors":"Shervin Assari, P. Sheikhattari","doi":"10.29245/2689-999x/2023/2.1183","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29245/2689-999x/2023/2.1183","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung health and diseases","volume":"25 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139290440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"E-Cigarette, Conventional Cigarette, and Depression: Role of Race/Ethnicity in the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS) 2022","authors":"S. Assari, John Ashly Pallera, B. Najand","doi":"10.29245/2689-999x/2023/1.1181","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29245/2689-999x/2023/1.1181","url":null,"abstract":"Background: While previous research has established the role of depression as a correlate of tobacco use, limited research has been conducted on potential racial variations in these associations. Aims: This study had two objectives: (1) to investigate the associations between depression and smoking conventional and vaping e-cigarettes, and (2) to explore the role of race in modifying these associations. Methods: Data from the Health Information National Trends Survey (HINTS-2022) survey, which is a national probability sample of US adults, were analyzed. Variables of interest included lifetime and current smoking status, e-cigarette use, depression (PHQ-4), socioeconomic status (SES), and demographic characteristics. Binary logistic regression models were applied to assess the associations between depression as the independent variable and current and ever smoking conventional cigarettes and vaping e-cigarettes as dependent variables, adjusting for covariates (age, gender, education, marital status, and employment). We tested potential interactions between race/ethnicity (non-Hispanic Whites, non-Hispanic Blacks, Hispanic Whites and any other/mixed race/ethnicity) and depression on our outcomes. Results: The study findings indicated significant associations between depression and use of conventional cigarettes and e-cigarettes. Although individuals who were experiencing depression were more likely to use conventional cigarettes (p < 0.05) and e-cigarettes (p < 0.05) compared to those non-depressed, the positive associations between depression and lifetime and current smoking were stronger for Black than White individuals. Conclusions: This study suggests that depression may have a more salient role in smoking cigarettes and e-cigarette use for Black than White adults. It is unclear if Black adults are more likely to smoke if they are depressed, or if Black adults who smoke cigarettes are more likely to be depressed because of higher stigma and lower access to mental health care services.","PeriodicalId":92410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung health and diseases","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76728373","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: Efficacy of antifibrotic drugs, nintedanib and pirfenidone, in treatment of progressive pulmonary fibrosis in both IPF and non-IPF","authors":"J. Finnerty","doi":"10.29245/2689-999x/2022/1.1180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29245/2689-999x/2022/1.1180","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung health and diseases","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89069474","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Review: Technology and Techniques for Robotic-assisted Bronchoscopy","authors":"J. Duke, J. Reisenauer","doi":"10.29245/2689-999x/2022/1.1179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29245/2689-999x/2022/1.1179","url":null,"abstract":"With recent advancements in robotic bronchoscopy for peripheral pulmonary nodule biopsy, there has been notable improvements in reach, stability, and precision. Since 2017, the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved two robotic devices, the Ion™ Endoluminal System (“Ion”) (Intuitive Surgical©, Sunnyvale, CA, USA) and the Monarch robotic system (Auris Health Inc, Redwood City, CA), for peripheral navigation and biopsy of lung lesions. We review these two robotic bronchoscopy systems and the literature that supports their use.","PeriodicalId":92410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung health and diseases","volume":"15 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85022471","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Commentary: Covid-19 Pneumonitis and Cystic Lung Disease, Pneumothorax and Pneumomediastinum","authors":"Serenydd Everden Jack West","doi":"10.29245/2689-999x/2021/2.1178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29245/2689-999x/2021/2.1178","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":92410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung health and diseases","volume":"125 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86471129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sjögren’s Syndrome and The Respiratory System: A Comprehensive Approach","authors":"Fatima Mahmood, M. Ehtesham, Syed Muhammad Mashhood Ali Bokhari, Ruben A. Peredo-Wende","doi":"10.29245/2689-999x/2021/2.1176","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29245/2689-999x/2021/2.1176","url":null,"abstract":"Sjögren’s syndrome (SS) is an autoimmune connective tissue disease characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of exocrine glands leading to progressive inflammation and destruction. This condition mainly involves the lacrimal and salivary glands and is associated with development of the classic dry eyes and mouth1. Additionally, an estimated third of the population develops extra-glandular manifestations involving the cutaneous, cardiovascular, neurologic, renal, pulmonary, and musculoskeletal system2,3.","PeriodicalId":92410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung health and diseases","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85212047","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment Options for Interstitial Lung disease associated with Connective Tissue Disease","authors":"M. Ehtesham, Fatima Mahmood, M. Shabbir, Rubén Peredo","doi":"10.29245/2689-999x/2021/2.1175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29245/2689-999x/2021/2.1175","url":null,"abstract":"Interstitial lung diseases (ILDs) are the most common pulmonary manifestation of connective tissue diseases (CTDs) and are often the most serious complication. Lung involvement in CTDs is associated with decreased survival rates and higher overall mortality1,2. ILD may occur in almost all clinically diagnosed CTDs, but it is more prevalent in systemic sclerosis (SSc) and idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM)3,4. The specific type of ILD can be characterized based on diverse patterns of lung damage seen on high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) and by histopathological analysis of lung biopsy specimens5,6. These diverse forms of ILD were discussed in previous chapter; they mainly comprise of the following types: usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP), nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), diffuse alveolar damage pattern (DAD), lymphocytic interstitial pneumonia (LIP) and organizing pneumonia (OP)7,8. Management and treatment options for ILD-CTD have been extensively studied9,10, but they still pose a significant challenge due to the paucity of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). It should also be noted that there can be other pulmonary manifestations of CTDs (other than just ILD): these include pleural effusions and bronchiectasis seen with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and rheumatoid arthritis (RA). These effusions are usually bilateral, secondary to pleural inflammation and often resolve with treatment of underlying CTD.","PeriodicalId":92410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung health and diseases","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90938424","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Treatment with Non-invasive respiratory support in severe COVID-19: Clinical effectiveness observational study","authors":"G. Segrelles-Calvo, Estefanía Llopis-Pastor, G. R. de Sousa Araújo, I. Escribano, E. Antón, L. Rey, Nestor Rodríguez Melean, Marta Hernández, J. Carrillo, C. Zamarro, Mercedes García-Salmones, S. Frases","doi":"10.29245/2689-999x/2021/2.1173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29245/2689-999x/2021/2.1173","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: The study aimed to analyse the clinical response and short-term outcomes with the use of high-flow oxygen therapy (HFOT), non-invasive mechanical ventilation (NIMV) with bilevel positive airway pressure, or continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in severe COVID-19 patients. Methods: We conducted an observational, prospective, single-center study, approved by Ethics Committee of “Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Fundación Jiménez Díaz” (EO102-20-HRJC). We included a total of 130 patients ≥18 years-old, with proved SARS-CoV-2 infection and secondary Acute Respiratory Failure (ARF) that required treatment with Non-invasive Respiratory Support (NIRS). We collected data about population demographic characteristics, clinical factors, and evolution during the incoming. A baseline of patients treated with HFO, CPAP and NIMV were compared with one-way ANOVA test, while categorical variables were expressed as numbers and percentages and were compared using the chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test when appropriate. Results: The cohort was distributed as follows: CPAP 54.6% (n = 71), NIMV 30% (n = 39), HFO 15.4% (n = 20). There were no differences between NIRS subgroups regarding age, comorbidity, or functional status. At the beginning of NIRS treatment, PaO2/FiO2 value was 149.3 ± 69.7. After 24 hours, PaO2/FiO2 was significantly higher in the CPAP group (CPAP vs NIMV, p-value = 0.0042; CPAP vs HFO, p-value = 0.000169). The overall ICU admission evaded rate was 69.1% and TF rate was 43.8%, without differences between the three therapies (p-value = 0.281). The mortality rate was 37.2%, without significant differences between subgroups. Conclusions: Our data suggest that CPAP versus treatment with NIMV or HFO improves PaO2/FiO2 rate in severe ARF patients, significantly reducing ICU admission. No differences were observed in mortality or therapeutic failure.","PeriodicalId":92410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung health and diseases","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90092969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Vaping-associated lung injury: a case report and literature review","authors":"Dewansh Goel, Kenneth Iyamu, Facp.","doi":"10.29245/2689-999x/2021/2.1170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.29245/2689-999x/2021/2.1170","url":null,"abstract":"Usage of vaping and electronic cigarettes products is a growing trend among young adults, with rising rates worldwide. Such products are gaining popularity for many reasons including an alternative to smoking cigarettes, trying something new, or as a means to relax. While users may feel that these products are less harmful or a safer substitute to smoking traditional products, the side effect profile of vape inhalation has the potential for profound injury to the lung tissue and significant respiratory failure. We would like to present a case in which a young male who was evaluated at our Emergency department for acute onset respiratory failure subsequently requiring invasive mechanical ventilation in the setting of vaping associated lung injury (VALI). In the case report, we will highlight the patient’s clinical course as well as a summary of the current evidence surrounding evaluation, diagnosis and management of this emerging pathology. We want to emphasize the importance of a detailed history which should include the use of vaping products when a young patient presents with acute respiratory failure, allowing VALI to be in the differential diagnosis. Additionally, we want to compare the clinical presentation of VALI to that of COVID-19 pneumonia as they both have many similar attributes including symptoms and findings on lung imaging studies.","PeriodicalId":92410,"journal":{"name":"Journal of lung health and diseases","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80123204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}