Jacobs journal of diabetes and endocrinology最新文献

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Effects of glycosylated hemoglobin levels on neutrophilic phagocytic functions. 糖化血红蛋白水平对嗜中性粒细胞吞噬功能的影响。

Jacobs journal of diabetes and endocrinology Pub Date : 2017-07-01 Epub Date: 2017-07-31 DOI: 10.5897/JDE2017.0110

Mary Michelle Shodja, Raymond Knutsen, Jeffrey Cao, Keiji Oda, Lawrence E Beeson, Gary E Fraser, Synnove Knutsen

{"title":"Effects of glycosylated hemoglobin levels on neutrophilic phagocytic functions.","authors":"Mary Michelle Shodja, Raymond Knutsen, Jeffrey Cao, Keiji Oda, Lawrence E Beeson, Gary E Fraser, Synnove Knutsen","doi":"10.5897/JDE2017.0110","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5897/JDE2017.0110","url":null,"abstract":"It is well established that diabetic patients with poor glycemic control have increased susceptibility to infections, but glucose levels have not been directly associated with this increase. The assessment of the effects of glycosylated hemoglobin (A1 c) on the body's ability to fight infections may be useful directly in establishing a link between elevated blood sugar and the risk of infections. A total of 127 subjects in Heart Pilot Study (HPS), sub-study of the Adventist Health Study 2 (AHS-2) completed a lifestyle, medical and food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) at baseline between 2013 and 2014. The A1 c and phagocytic index (PI) were measured in the same blood sample and their associations were assessed using linear regression. Mean blood glucose (MBG) was estimated based on A1 c levels using a standard formula. Three levels of MBG were used to compare prediabetic and diabetic ranges to the normal range. The PI is the average number of bacteria in the cytoplasm of 50 neutrophils, manually counted under a light microscope after the whole blood was briefly exposed to a standard dose of bacteria and stained. In multivariable analysis, we found that MBG in the prediabetic (117 to137 mg/dL) and diabetic (>137 mg/dL) ranges were associated with 12.9% (β= -0.129, 95% Cl: -0.30, 0.05) and 20.4% decrease in PI (β= -0.204, 95% Cl: -0.592, 0.184) compared to that, observed among those with normal MBG (p for trend=0.119). Elevated MBG levels contribute a decrease in the PI among those in the prediabetic and diabetic range compared to the normal range. Although our findings were not quite statistically significant due to low power which are clinically relevant in line with observations of an increased infections among diabetics. Further research on larger populations is needed.","PeriodicalId":92057,"journal":{"name":"Jacobs journal of diabetes and endocrinology","volume":"8 2","pages":"9-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.5897/JDE2017.0110","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"36948010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9

miRNA-15a, miRNA-15b, and miRNA-499 are Reduced in Erythrocytes of Pre-Diabetic African-American Adults. miRNA-15a、miRNA-15b和miRNA-499在糖尿病前期非裔美国成年人的红细胞中减少。

Jacobs journal of diabetes and endocrinology Pub Date : 2016-12-01 Epub Date: 2016-11-15

Maurice B Fluitt, Namita Kumari, Gail Nunlee-Bland, Sergei Nekhai, Kanwal K Gambhir

{"title":"miRNA-15a, miRNA-15b, and miRNA-499 are Reduced in Erythrocytes of Pre-Diabetic African-American Adults.","authors":"Maurice B Fluitt, Namita Kumari, Gail Nunlee-Bland, Sergei Nekhai, Kanwal K Gambhir","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"Aims: The use of circulatory miRNAs as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for T2DM is an explosive area of study. However, no study has investigated circulatory miRNA expression exclusively in African-American adults. The aim of this study was to identify the expression of nine selected miRNAs in erythrocytes of pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetic African-American adults.Main methods: Patients were recruited from the Howard University Hospital Diabetes Treatment Center following an 8 to 10 hour overnight fast. Expression of the nine selected miRNAs (miRNA-499, miRNA-146, miRNA-126, miRNA-223, miRNA-15a, miRNA-15b, miRNA-224, miRNA-326, and miRNA-375) was evaluated using quantitative real time PCR.Key findings: miRNA-15a, miRNA-15b, and miRNA-499 were significantly reduced in erythrocytes of pre-diabetic African-American adults. In the T2DM group, we found significant correlations between miRNA-15a and BMI (r=0.59, p=0.04), miRNA-15a and weight (r=0.52, p=0.01), and miRNA-15b and diastolic blood pressure (r=-0.52, p=0.02). In the pre-diabetic group, we found significant correlations between miRNA-15b and weight (r=0.90, p=0.02) and miRNA-499 and HbA1c (r=-0.89, p=0.01).Significance: To our knowledge, this is the first study investigating miRNA expression in erythrocytes of non-diabetic high-risk obese--pre-diabetic and type 2 diabetic African-American adults. The findings of this study are consistent with previous reports of reduced expression of miRNA-15a, miRNA-15b, and miRNA-499 in human plasma or serum and in animal models. The current findings support the use of circulating miRNA-15a, miRNA-15b, and miRNA-499 as potential biomarkers for T2DM in African-American adults.","PeriodicalId":92057,"journal":{"name":"Jacobs journal of diabetes and endocrinology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5792081/pdf/nihms872515.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41159121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Hepatic Adaptations to a High Fat Diet in the MRL Mouse Strain are Associated with an Inefficient Oxidative Phosphorylation System. MRL小鼠品系对高脂肪饮食的肝脏适应与低效率的氧化磷酸化系统有关。

Jacobs journal of diabetes and endocrinology Pub Date : 2016-12-01 Epub Date: 2016-10-25

Ahlke Heydemann, Magdalis González-Vega, Tirsit K Berhanu, Aaron J Mull, Ragav Sharma, Jenan Holley-Cuthrell

{"title":"Hepatic Adaptations to a High Fat Diet in the MRL Mouse Strain are Associated with an Inefficient Oxidative Phosphorylation System.","authors":"Ahlke Heydemann, Magdalis González-Vega, Tirsit K Berhanu, Aaron J Mull, Ragav Sharma, Jenan Holley-Cuthrell","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"The MRL mice are resistant to a 12-week high fat diet (HFD) feeding protocol, with the proximal cause being an increased basal pAMPKT172 expression in the skeletal muscle. Here, we test if this lack of pathology extends to the liver at both the tissue and cellular levels and its correlation to pAMPKT172 levels. MRL and B6 mice were subjected to 12 weeks of diet intervention and tissues were either fixed for histology or snap-frozen for further processing (n= 3-6, per group). The HFD MRL mice remain insulin and glucose sensitive after 12 weeks of HFD. This phenomenon is correlated to increased liver pAMPKT172. The HFD-fed B6 control strain demonstrates the opposite trend with decreased pAMPKT172 expression after the HFD period. We have found further evidence of differential MRL metabolic adaptations. These differences include reduced glycogen content, reduced ectopic fat storage, and increased expression of Complex II (CII) and Complex V of the Electron Transport Chain (ETC). Whereas, B6 HFD control show unchanged glycogen content, increased ectopic fat and increased expression of Complex I and Complex V of the ETC. Taken together, the MRL adaptations point to an inefficient energy-producing phenotype that leads to glycogen depletion and attenuation of ectopic fat as secondary consequences with AMPK as the signaling mediator of these HFD- hepatic adaptations.","PeriodicalId":92057,"journal":{"name":"Jacobs journal of diabetes and endocrinology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5681357/pdf/nihms914106.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"35545963","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0