Anatomy最新文献

{"title":"The relationship between the body mass index and the subcutaneous adipose tissue","authors":"Bilge İpek Torun, M. Balaban, F. Geneci, Şükrü Cem Hatipoğlu","doi":"10.2399/ana.21.9153167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.21.9153167","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of the study was to investigate the relationship between the body mass index and ultrasound-measured subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) thickness, in order to propose an alternative non-invasive and inexpensive method to measure the subcutaneous fat. We also evaluated the liver size and the existence of hepatosteatosis, and investigated whether there was a relationship between liver measurements and body mass index (BMI), and the SCAT measurements. Methods: Height, weight, arm SCAT, umbilical SCAT, thigh SCAT, umbilical preperitoneal fat (PPF) and craniocaudal liver size of 72 volunteers were measured and liver parenchymal echogenicity was evaluated with ultrasound. Correlations between BMI and the SCAT, the PPF, and liver measurements were evaluated statistically. Results: BMI was mostly well correlated with umbilical SCAT (r=0.650, p<0.001). The arm SCAT (r=0.549, p<0.001) and the thigh SCAT (r=0.470, p£0.001) followed it. The umbilical PPF was only correlated with the umbilical SCAT. There was no relationship between arm, or thigh SCAT values and existence of hepatosteatosis, but existence of hepatosteatosis was related with umbilical SCAT (p=0.008), and umbilical PPF (p=0.009) values. Conclusion: As an alternative method to skinfold measurement, SCAT measurement with ultrasound can be used to evaluate body fat status.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87788953","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effect of tooth loss on the cancellous bone pattern of the mandible and on the superior bony wall of the mandibular canal: a micro-CT study","authors":"F. Geneci, Mert Ocak, Bilge İpek Torun, H. Soysal","doi":"10.2399/ana.21.9133157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.21.9133157","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of tooth loss on the cancellous bone pattern of the mandible and on the superior bony wall of the mandibular canal. Methods: Twenty-four dry mandibles without any physical deformation were scanned with high-resolution micro-CT device. The second premolar, first, second, and third molar regions on the mandibular canal, the presence of the bony superior wall of the mandibular canal and the cancellous bone pattern of the mandible were examined on micro-CT images. The images were classified into three groups, Type I (trabecular pattern), Type II (osteoporotic pattern), and Type III (dense/irregular pattern). The presence of the bony superior wall of the mandibular canal was noted as absent or present. Results: While 133 (91%) of the dentulous sections were showing Type I trabecular cancellous bone pattern; 25 (54%) of the edentulous sections were of Type I. The superior wall was visible in 90 (62%) of the dentulous regions and in 41 (89%) of the edentulous areas. The cancellous bone pattern of the mandible of the majority of dentulous and edentulous areas had a regular trabecular structure. Dense and irregular trabecular structure were encountered only in edentulous areas. Conclusion: We suggest that there is a very strong relationship between the superior bony wall of the mandibular canal and the cancellous bone pattern of the mandible. We conclude that the trabecular structure of the mandible could change following tooth loss and this have an effect on the change of the structure and the presence of the superior wall of the mandibular canal.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86778418","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Rufus of Ephesus: a historical perspective on his contributions to neuroanatomy","authors":"Esra Candar, Ibrahim Demircubuk, Gülgün Şengül","doi":"10.2399/ana.21.92153208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.21.92153208","url":null,"abstract":"Rufus of Ephesus (circa 1–2 AD) lived in the ancient city of Ephesus, Izmir Province of Turkey. He made significant contributions to many branches of sciences including neuroanatomy. This historical perspective manuscript focuses mainly on his neuroanatomical contributions. He described several structures, such as the pericranium, meninges, encephalon, parencephalon, varicosities, and the anatomy of the sellar region and the eye. He also coined essential terms in the nervous system such as tunica prima (dura mater), tunica altera (pia mater), spinal marrow (spinal cord), base of brain (brainstem), and choroid tunic (choroid plexus). Because of the limited number of extant works, he is not as well-known as his contemporaries. Yet, Rufus of Ephesus deserves to be recognized to the fullest for his precious and numerous contributions to neuroanatomy.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88264115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sonoelastography findings of the patellar tendon in Osgood-Schlatter disease","authors":"M. Balaban, S. İkiz, I. Idilman","doi":"10.2399/ana.21.9153256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.21.9153256","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: There are ultrasonographic findings defined in Osgood-Schlatter disease. However, sonoelastographic findings of the disease have not been previously defined. The aim of this study was to evaluate the B-mode ultrasonography (US), Color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS), and sonoelastography (SEL) findings of the patellar tendon in patients with Osgood-Schlatter disease (OSD) and compare it with healthy individuals. Methods: A total of 36 patellar tendons were evaluated in 12 patients with OSD and 10 healthy individuals by US, CDUS, and SEL. Thickness, echogenicity, CDUS, and SEL findings of the distal patellar tendon in each group were evaluated. Results: A total of 22 individuals (19 males, 3 females) and 36 tendons (9 with acute OSD, 7 with chronic OSD and 20 control healthy tendons) were included in this study. The patellar tendons were statistically significantly thicker in OSD patients in comparison with healthy volunteers (5.68±2.32 mm versus 3.42±0.55 mm) (p=0.001). According to the SEL evaluation, all of the patellar tendons in patients with OSD were of type 2 in contrast with all of the patellar tendons in healthy volunteers were of type 1 (p<0.001). Conclusion: Distal patellar tendon in patients with OSD was thicker and softer in comparison with healthy volunteers. The intratendinous and/or peritendinous vascularity on CDUS was increased in patients with acute OSD. We suggest that these findings could be associated with tendon degeneration in OSD patients and can be useful in the evaluation of the disease.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88109655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retroaortic left renal vein: a clinically significant vascular variation with suggestion of a practical typological scheme","authors":"N. Krastev, Y. Tivcheva, L. Malinova, L. Jelev","doi":"10.2399/ana.21.9143157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.21.9143157","url":null,"abstract":"The retroaortic left renal vein (RLRV) is a rare vascular variant with a typical position of the vein between the abdominal aorta and the vertebral column. Despite usually asymptomatic, RLRV might be associated with posterior nutcracker syndrome, other vascular pathologies and may cause major surgical complications. An existing but not expected RLRV might hamper aortic surgical dissection and to cause a life threatening bleeding. A case of a RLRV was observed during routine dissection of a formalin fixed 62-year-old female cadaver. The left kidney was found to be ectopic and located lower than usual between the level of L1 and L4 vertebra. The left renal vein was formed in the renal hilum at the level of L2/L3 intervertebral disc, and then passed obliquely downwards behind the abdominal aorta to join in the inferior vena cava at the level of upper border of L4 vertebra. The length of the RLRV was 7.5 cm. The main tributaries were the left suprarenal and left ovarian veins. Measuring the diameters of the renal vein showed slight dilation at its origin. Based on the literature review, the vascular variation reported here can be classified as Type II – RLRV draining at a lower than normal level of the inferior vena cava. An extended classification scheme of the left renal vein variations is presented here as well as an optional typological scheme.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83533550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ultrasound elastography findings in lateral epicondylitis in comparison with healthy individuals","authors":"Bilge İpek Torun, Serhan Eren, M. Balaban","doi":"10.2399/ana.22.1184880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.22.1184880","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: To evaluate the ability of strain sonoelastography (SEL) in diagnosing lateral epicondylitis (LE) and to asses clinical and diagnostic efficacy of strain SEL in patients with clinically confirmed LE and in healthy volunteers. Methods: Strain SEL was performed on 110 patients with clinical symptoms of LE and on 56 healthy participants. The common extensor tendon (CET) was evaluated with gray-scale and color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS). The stiffness and the elasticity of the CET was divided into 2 main types and 2 subtypes as a spectrum ranging from hard for 1a to soft for 2b. Results: The thickness of the CET in patients with LE (6.3±1.06 mm) were remarkably thicker than in healthy participants (3.8±0.62 mm) (p<0.001). There were negative significant correlations between the thickness of the CET and lower and mean strain ratios (SR) (rs= [–0.666], p<0.001 for lower SR and rs= [–0.358], p<0.001 for mean SR). Thickness of the CET varied between the groups of elastographic patterns (p<0.001). The SR of tendon in patients with LE (6.68±2.49 mm) were remarkably lower than in healthy participants (11.16±4.88 mm) (p<0.001). The SR of tendon in patients with LE also varied significantly between the groups of elastographic patterns (p<0.001). Conclusion: Strain SEL is a promising sonographic technique for musculoskeletal imaging to differentiate thickening and softening of CET in LE. SR and SEL pattern findings are compatible with gray scale ultrasound and CDUS findings.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73855385","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Welcome Address of the Congress President","authors":"Senem ErdoğmuşKoç","doi":"10.2399/ana.22.s1iv","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.22.s1iv","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80749790","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Abstracts of the 10th Anatomy Winter Days: 17–19 March 2022, Hatay, Turkey","authors":"S. Erdem, Behram Kandemir, Serdar Babacan, Nilüfer Demirkol, Abdurrezzak Kartal, M. Deniz","doi":"10.2399/ana.22.001s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.22.001s","url":null,"abstract":"carotid artery to proximal posterior cerebral artery, maxillary/ proximal middle cerebral artery) that we have done in cooper-ation with neurosurgeons between 2003 and 2009. anatomists in 1886. “Die Nomenklaturkommussion” was established under the leadership of this community in 1989 and it revealed its works as “Basiliensa Nomina Anatomica” in 1895. This process has continued under different names and today it continues as The Federative International Program for Anatomical Terminology (FIPAT). Objective: It was thought that sensory input, motor control or sensorimotor integration problems would cause spinal and postural balance problems in individuals with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis. For this reason, tractography of tractus corti-cospinalis (tr.CS) and lemniscus medialise (LM) in individuals with AIS and volume calculations of gyrus precentralis and gyrus postcentralis were performed. Methods: Brain diffusion tensor imaging was performed by including 30 right-handed Lenke Type-1 (right thoracic) female individuals with AIS and 27 healthy women (mean age 14.9 years) in the same age population. By analyzing the tr.CS and LM pathways of both groups with DSI Studio software; total fiber count, ratio to whole brain fiber count, average fiber length, fractional anisotropy (FA), mean diffusivity (MD), axial diffusivity (AD) and radial diffusivity (RD) values were calculated. Volume calculation was done with the mricloud program. Results: In the data we obtained, the total fiber number, average fiber length, fiber ratio and FA values in the tr. CS and LM of individuals with AIS were lower than the control group; MD, AD and RD parameters were found to be higher. In addition, the left and right tr. We determined that there were differences in total fiber number, average fiber length, fiber ratio, FA, MD, AD and RD parameters between tr.CS, LM, pathways. In terms of volume, the volumes of the left and right gyrus presentralis regions were in the control group; Although the left and right gyrus postrenralis were larger in the group with AIS, no significant difference was found between the groups. Conclusion: In individuals with AIS, especially the LM, which carries the proprioceptive sense, and tr, which is responsible for the somatomotor system. The low number of tr. CS fibers and low fiber ratio indicate that it may be associated with postural balance and spinal curvature problems seen in AIS. that using cadaver dissection and technology-based training together will increase the achievements of the anatomy course. Objective: Anatomical terms constitute the terminological background that is frequently used in the introduction to vocational courses of nursing students. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of crossword puzzle activity on the achievement and attitudes of nursing students in addition to the traditional lesson in teaching anatomical terms. Methods: The research was conducted with 99 students taking anatomy lessons at Karadeniz","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75823960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Quantitative evaluation of the cerebellum in patients with depression and healthy adults by VolBrain method","authors":"Güzin Özmen, Duygu Akın Saygın, I. I. Uysal, Seral Özşen, Y. Paksoy, Özkan Güler","doi":"10.2399/ana.21.1079010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.21.1079010","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives: Besides the well-known sensorimotor control function, the cerebellum is also associated with cognitive functions and mood via the cerebral-cerebellar circuit. This study aimed to investigate possible cerebellar morphometric changes in untreated patients with depression. Methods: Brain magnetic resonance (MR) images of 40 adults (age: 18–50 years), including 20 untreated depression patients and 20 healthy controls were analysed prospectively. Intracranial cavity and total cerebellar volumes were measured by using VolBrain. The cerebellum segmentation was performed with CERES to obtain the total gray matter volumes and cortical thickness of the lobules. Results: Total cerebellar volume was 141.27±13.12 cm3 in the depressed group and 142.63±8.01 cm3 in the control group (p>0.05). The difference between males and females in the depressed group was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Total cerebellar volume was approximately 11% of total intracranial volume in both groups. The cortical thickness of lobule V (right-total), lobule VIIIB (right), and lobule IX (right) was smaller in the depressed group, independent of sex (p<0.05). Lobule V, VIIIB and IX volume was smaller and Crus-I cortical thickness was increased in depressed females (p<0.05). Conclusion: The cerebellar volume and cortical thickness of cerebellar lobules in patients with depression show significant differences compared to healthy subjects.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84254605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Radio-anatomical aspects of a rare case: interpeduncular lipoma","authors":"F. Çankal, Mehmet Ali Güner","doi":"10.2399/ana.21.1054833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2399/ana.21.1054833","url":null,"abstract":"Intracranial lipomas can be associated with other congenital abnormalities, but they are commonly found incidentally on imaging studies. Although the location of intracranial lipomas can be quite variable, they are extremely rare in interpeduncular fossa. We report a case of interpeduncular lipoma with its radio-anatomical features in terms of distinction with pathologies that can appear similarly, as the unexpected location of rare cases can be challenging for radiologists. The MR images of a 55-year-old male patient suffering from episodic dizziness attacks and impaired walking showed two different lipoma masses in interpeduncular fossa and chiasmatic cistern which are isointense with adipose tissue in T1, T2-weighted and FLAIR sequences. Intracranial lipomas can be located in the corpus callosum and almost in all cisterns, however they are extremely rare in interpeduncular fossa. Due to the mass effect, the structures located in close proximity of the lipomas should be evaluated.","PeriodicalId":91999,"journal":{"name":"Anatomy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-12-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85547425","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}