Reactive oxygen species (Apex, N.C.)最新文献

{"title":"Natural Polyphenols for Acne Vulgaris: Clinical Evidence and Biological Mechanisms","authors":"R. Hopkins","doi":"10.20455/ROS.2019.825","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20455/ROS.2019.825","url":null,"abstract":"Acne vulgaris (acne for short) inflicts virtually all teenagers and young adults and is the number one most common skin disease globally. It is an inflammatory disease causing tremendous esthetical and phycological burden. Although conventional medical therapy can be effective in treating acne, drugs, especially those requiring a prescription, can cause many adverse effects. This leads to the increasing use of natural compound-based modalities, including polyphenols, in the management of acne. Polyphenols, present in large quantities in fruits, vegetables, and green tea, exert diverse biological effects, including anti-inflammatory and antibacterial activities. Among the natural polyphenols, resveratrol from grapes, and epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) from green tea, have recently been shown to be effective in treating inflammatory acnes. Cosmeceutical products containing resveratrol or EGCG are emerging natural remedies for treating acne patients without causing noticeable adverse effects. This mini-review summarizes recent research findings on the clinical efficacy and biological mechanisms of resveratrol and EGCG in treating inflammatory acne.","PeriodicalId":91793,"journal":{"name":"Reactive oxygen species (Apex, N.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46281678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Methylene Blue Protects against Acidified Sodium Taurocholate-Induced Gastric Mucosal Damage","authors":"O. Abdel-Salam, A. Sleem, D. Medhat, R. Salama, F. Morsy, A. Farrag, N. Yassen","doi":"10.20455/ros.2019.815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20455/ros.2019.815","url":null,"abstract":"The effect of methylene blue (MethyB) on the development of gastric mucosal injury caused by orally given acidified sodium taurocholate (80 mM in 2 ml of 0.15 N HCI) in pylorus-ligated rats was studied. MethyB was intraperitoneally given at doses of 20 and 40 mg/kg at time of pylorus-ligation, and animals were euthanized 90 min later, when gastric secretory responses and the number and severity of mucosal lesions were determined. Lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), nitric oxide, reduced glutathione (GSH), and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity in gastric homogenates were measured. Gastric mucosal histopathology and histochemical staining for mucopolysaccharides were also done. Results indicated that acidified sodium taurocholate (Na+-taurocholate) caused severe gastric lesions. It also increased gastric malondialdehyde by 70% and decreased GSH levels by 36.4% compared with the corresponding control values. Additionally, nitric oxide decreased by 49.3% and PON-1 activity fell by 54.2% in gastric tissue of Na+-taurocholate-treated rats. The administration of MethyB reduced the number and severity of gastric mucosal lesions but had no effect on gastric acid secretion in Na+-taurocholate-treated rats. MethyB resulted in decreased malondialdehyde and increased GSH, nitric oxide, and PON-1 activity in a dose-dependent manner. Na+-taurocholate caused massive sloughing and hemorrhagic erosions of the superficial parts of gastric epithelium, lamina propria, and sloughing of gastric glands. These changes were markedly attenuated by MethyB at 40 mg/kg. MethyB also restored gastric mucus as indicated by the increase in apical epithelial cells positively stained with periodic acid Schiff. These data suggest a protective effect for MethyB against gastric mucosal damage caused by Na+-taurocholate which is likely to be due to decreased oxidative stress.","PeriodicalId":91793,"journal":{"name":"Reactive oxygen species (Apex, N.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46656838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Correlation between the Respiratory Muscle Strength and Six-Minute Walking Distance and Oxidative Stress/Inflammatory Cytokines in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Preliminary Study","authors":"J. Leelarungrayub, R. Puntumetakul, Thanyaluck Sriboonreung, Yothin Pothasak, J. Klaphajone","doi":"10.20455/ROS.2019.813","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20455/ROS.2019.813","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) relates to high oxidative stress and inflammation, which may impair physical activity of the patients. However, studies on the relationship of oxidative stress/inflammatory conditions with walking capacity or respiratory muscle strength in COPD patients are lacking. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the correlation of respiratory muscle strength (PImax) and walking distance [6-minute walking distance (6MWD)] with oxidative stress parameters [total antioxidant capacity (TAC)], malondialdehyde (MDA), and nitric oxide (NO)] or inflammatory markers [tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-6 (IL-6)]. Twenty-nine stable COPD patients, diagnosed with mild severity, were evaluated twice, one month apart, and the results showed that PImax and the 6MWD had a significantly positive correlation with TAC (r = 0.271, p = 0.04; r= 0.289, p= 0.028; respectively). On the other hand, both PImax and the 6MWD had a significantly negative correlation with TNF-α (r =–0.558, p <0.001; r=–0.587, p < 0.001; respectively) and IL-6 (r = –0.588, p< 0.001; r= –074, p < 0.001; respectively). In addition, the 6MWD showed a significantly negative correlation with MDA (r = –0.37, p = 0.004). Taken together, this study demonstrated a significant correlation of oxidative stress and inflammation with respiratory muscle strength and walking capacity in COPD patients.","PeriodicalId":91793,"journal":{"name":"Reactive oxygen species (Apex, N.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44455524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Catalase Deficiency Compromises Survival in Extracellular Matrix-Detached SKOV3 Ovarian Cancer Cells","authors":"Cassandra L. Libbing, Kassidy M. Jungles, Ellen Rabaut, Calli A. Davison-Versagli","doi":"10.20455/ROS.2019.821","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20455/ROS.2019.821","url":null,"abstract":"For epithelial ovarian cancer cells to survive during the metastatic cascade, cells must be able to evade anoikis, a caspase-dependent cell death mechanism initiated by extracellular matrix (ECM) detachment. However, many of the details behind this phenomenon have yet to be unveiled. Here, we examined the role of the antioxidant enzyme, catalase, in the survival and proliferation of anchorage-independent SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells. Catalase deficiency severely compromises cell viability and anchorage-independent growth in ECM-detached SKOV3 cells. Notably, cellviability and proliferation were unaffected in ECM-attached catalase-deficient SKOV3 cells. In aggregate, we discovered that catalase plays a prominent role in protection from ECM-detachment-induced cell death in SKOV3 cells. Furthermore, these findings imply that catalase may be an effective therapeutic target for epithelial ovarian cancer cells that survive the ECM-bereft metastatic cascade.","PeriodicalId":91793,"journal":{"name":"Reactive oxygen species (Apex, N.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45379028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nuclear Factor (Erythroid-Derived 2)-Like 2/Antioxidant Response Element Pathway in Liver Fibrosis","authors":"Waleska Dornas, Ahmad Sharanek, V. Lagente","doi":"10.20455/ROS.2019.819","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20455/ROS.2019.819","url":null,"abstract":"The liver is the major site of first-pass metabolism and, accordingly, is highly exposed to oxidative injury caused by reactive intermediates, resulting in the stimulation of different biological targets. Diseases such as nonalcoholic steatohepatitis, which is characterized histologically by hepatic steatosis, necroinflammation, and progressive substitution of the functioning hepatic parenchyma by fibrotic tissue, are widely related to oxidative stress, although the mechanisms are not completely understood. A rational attempt to comprehend the pathways underlying redox-mediated fibrogenic signaling may be investigating the adaptive responses to oxidative stress by interacting with the antioxidant response. The expression of a variety of downstream targets aimed at cytoprotection, primarily mediated through antioxidant response elements, are largely under the control of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). In this study, the regulation of the cellular response to oxidative stress was determined in the presence of Nrf2 activators or Nrf2-null mice influencing lipid metabolism and targeted cytoprotection of hepatocytes during inflammation/fibrosis. These interactions participate in a multi-tiered, integrated reaction to chemical stress, in which Nrf2 signaling pathway can be considered as a key factor in orchestrating adaptive responses in liver disease.","PeriodicalId":91793,"journal":{"name":"Reactive oxygen species (Apex, N.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45226115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dietary Supplementation with Anti-Inflammatory Omega-3 Fatty Acids for Cardiovascular Protection: Help or Hoax?","authors":"Robert Li, Zhenquan Jia, Hong Zhu","doi":"10.20455/ros.2019.817","DOIUrl":"10.20455/ros.2019.817","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids, also known as n-3 fatty acids, has been widely considered cardiovascular protective in the general human population. This widely acclaimed status of omega-3 fatty acids as cardiovascular protective molecules has, however, been questioned by findings from multiple rigorously designed randomized controlled trials, recently reported in the New England Journal of Medicine. Although the anti-inflammatory and other beneficial effects of omega-3 fatty acids are substantiated by research in experimental models as well as findings from observational epidemiological studies, dietary supplementation with omega-3 fatty acids at the typical dosage of 1 g daily does not appear to be an effective strategy for either primary or secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease in humans.</p>","PeriodicalId":91793,"journal":{"name":"Reactive oxygen species (Apex, N.C.)","volume":"7 20","pages":"78-85"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6407714/pdf/nihms-1014895.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37041142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Citicoline Protects against Tramadol-Induced Oxidative Stress and Organ Damage","authors":"O. Abdel-Salam, E. Youness, N. Mohammed, O. A. El-Moneim, Nermeen M. Shaffie","doi":"10.20455/ROS.2019.823","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20455/ROS.2019.823","url":null,"abstract":"Tramadol is a common drug of abuse which has been shown to cause neurodegeneration in the rat brain. Cytidine-5'-diphosphocholine or citicoline is an intermediate in the synthesis of phosphatidylcholine and is in use in humans for the treatment of several brain pathologies. In this study, we aimed to investigate the effect of citicoline on oxidative stress and tissue injury caused by tramadol, an opioid drug. Rats were treated with tramadol at 30 mg/kg alone or in combination with citicoline at 50, 100, or 200 mg/kg orally, once a day, for 10 days. Other groups were treated with only 0.9% saline or only citicoline at 200 mg/kg. Lipid peroxidation (malondialdehyde), nitric oxide, reduced glutathione (GSH), and paraoxonase-1 (PON-1) activity were measured in the serum. Bone marrow DNA fragmentation assay and micronucleus test were also done. In addition, histopathological examination of the brain, liver, and kidney, and immunohistochemical staining for glial cell acidic fibrillary protein (GFAP) in the cerebral cortex were performed. Results indicated that compared to the saline-treated group, repeated tramadol administration led to significant increases in serum malondialdehyde and nitric oxide concentrations by 50.0% and 70.0%, respectively. There was also a decline in GSH content and PON-1 activity in the serum by 26.3% and 51.4%, respectively. Tramadol caused marked DNA fragmentation and increased the number of micronucleated polychromatic erythrocytes (MnPCE) in bone marrow by 192.8% and 876.3%, respectively, compared with the corresponding saline control values. Histopathological studies revealed neuronal degeneration (acidophilic cytoplasm and dark nuclei) and decreased GFAP immunostaining in the cerebral cortex of tramadol-treated rats. The liver exhibited fibrosis, apoptotic hepatocytes, and inflammatory cell infiltration. Vacuolar degeneration of the tubular lining epithelium and edema of glomeruli were observed in the kidney. Citicoline administered to saline-treated rats at a dose of 200 mg/kg showed no significant effect on serum malondialdehyde, nitric oxide, GSH concentrations, or PON-1 activity compared with the saline control group. Citicoline by itself had no effect on DNA fragmentation or the number of MnPCE in the bone marrow. In tramadol-treated rats, however, citicoline (50–200 mg/kg) resulted in a significantly decreased malondialdehyde by 23.8%–31.6%. Nitric oxide decreased by 29.2%–36.2% after citicoline at 50–200 mg/kg. There was also a significant increase in both GSH by 19.6%–33.6% and in PON-1 activity by 54.8%–125.7%. In addition, citicoline caused a significant decrease in DNA fragmentation (by 29.2%–52.4%) and the number of MnPCE in the bone marrow (by 20.5%–59.5%) in tramadol-treated rats. Histopathological changes caused by tramadol in the brain, liver, and kidney were ameliorated by treatment with citicoline. We conclude that citicoline treatment results in decreased lipid peroxidation and nitric oxide along with ","PeriodicalId":91793,"journal":{"name":"Reactive oxygen species (Apex, N.C.)","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43167569","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Enhance Oxidative Stress in CHO Cells","authors":"N. Prajitha, S. Athira, P. Mohanan","doi":"10.20455/ros.2019.867","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20455/ros.2019.867","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91793,"journal":{"name":"Reactive oxygen species (Apex, N.C.)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67595650","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Sensitive, Accurate, and Versatile Method for the Quantification of Superoxide Dismutase Activities in Biological Preparations","authors":"Fátima Mesa-Herrera, David Quinto-Alemany, M. Díaz","doi":"10.20455/ROS.2019.809","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20455/ROS.2019.809","url":null,"abstract":"Superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays a major role in antioxidant defense and redox regulation in eukaryotic cells and whole organisms. We describe here a sensitive and reliable method to characterize different SOD activities in a variety of biological samples, ranging from budding yeast to human cerebrospinal fluid. It is the spectrophotometric assay developed by Marklund and Marklund in 1974, based on the inhibition of pyrogallol autoxidation, which we have optimized for different isoenzymes, cell types, tissues, pH, buffers, and temperatures. By adjusting the assay conditions to multi-well plate readers, we show here that the method is suitable for the analyses of SOD activity in a number of samples and conditions. The procedure involves inexpensive reagents, and allows for a rapid, sensitive, versatile, and reproducible measurement of SOD activity in a wide variety of biological samples.","PeriodicalId":91793,"journal":{"name":"Reactive oxygen species (Apex, N.C.)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67594784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exacerbation of Toluene’s Neuro- and Hepato-Toxicity by Amiodarone or Chlorpropamide: Involvement of Oxidative Stress","authors":"O. Abdel-Salam, A. Sleem, E. Youness, F. Morsy","doi":"10.20455/ros.2019.871","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20455/ros.2019.871","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":91793,"journal":{"name":"Reactive oxygen species (Apex, N.C.)","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67595217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}