Journal of neurological research and therapy最新文献

{"title":"Why New Drugs, Treatments, and Medical Devices Still Needs to be Tested Clinically Before Making it Available in the Market? A Systematic Review","authors":"Naiya Patel","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-19-2618","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-19-2618","url":null,"abstract":"Objective\u0000Testing a new drug, treatment, and medical device clinically is critically important before prescribing it to patient. Not determining the drug’s safety and efficacy through clinical trials might impose life threatening outcomes on its consumers. The research paper describes the critical factors associated for testing any new drugs clinically, as limited research is performed in this field of public health.\u0000\u0000Study Design\u0000A qualitative systematic literature review was performed by mining relevant original peer reviewed research papers as well as some online resources like MedlinePlus due to limited availability of studies on such critical topic.\u0000\u0000Methods\u0000The databases used were Web of Sciences core collection, PubMed, Google scholar. The keywords used to search research papers were “clinical trials”, “testing new drugs”, “history of testing drugs”, “evidence-based medicine”.\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000Drugs which are prescribed to critical target population like pregnant women and children should be more often clinically tested if possible as majority of them are available in the market without Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approval. The abusive potential of any new drug could end up taking lives of innocent individuals. More evidence-based medicine can help translate research results on a heterogeneous population efficiently.","PeriodicalId":91754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurological research and therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48859689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Neurobiological Differences Between Aggression and Agitation in Persons with DementiaAffiliation","authors":"L. Volicer","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-18-2554","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-18-2554","url":null,"abstract":"Background\u0000Controversy exists about definition of agitation and especially about inclusion of aggression as a part of agitation in people with dementia.\u0000\u0000Methods: Papers describing neurobiological indices related to behavioral symptoms of dementia were reviewed. Papers comparing indices in persons exhibiting aggression and persons exhibiting agitation were selected for this review.\u0000\u0000Results\u0000The survey found seven papers which compared neuroanatomical indices and three papers which compared neurochemical indices. The neuroanatomical indices differentiating agitation and aggression included changes in brain perfusion, sizes of brain areas, distribution of neurofibrillary tangles, and white matter changes. The neurochemical indices differentiating agitation and aggression included relationships with neurotransmitter variables and the cell count in the locus coeruleus.\u0000\u0000Conclusion\u0000Despite the small number of papers and some methodological problems, the presented information clearly indicates that aggression and agitation are two distinct unrelated syndromes in persons with dementia.","PeriodicalId":91754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurological research and therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-02-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48280803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Brain Hemodynamics and Cerebrovascular Reactivity in Patients with Tension-Type HeadacheAffiliation","authors":"R. Abdullaiev, V. Kalashnikov, O. Tovazhnyanska, A. Stoyanov, O. Kauk","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-18-2555","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-18-2555","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction:\u0000Tension-type headache (TTH) is very common, with a lifetime prevalence in the general population ranging in different studies between 30% and 78%. TTH, divided into episodic and chronic types, introduced in the manual \"International Classification of Headache Disorders\"(ICHD-I), is of practical importance. Infrequent episodic headaches (no more than once a month) may not require drug therapy, but, on the contrary, frequent forms may require expensive treatment.\u0000\u0000Objective:\u0000To study the state of cerebral hemodynamics and cerebrovascular reactivity in patients with Tension-type headache and evaluate the efficacy of treatment with Phenibite using Doppler ultrasound.\u0000\u0000Materials and Methods:\u0000A retrospective analysis of the results of ultrasound dopplerography of the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries (ACA, MCA and PCA), Vertebral and Basal (VA, BA) arteries was performed in 188 patients with TTH. Among them are infrequent episodic TTH - 68 (36,2%) patients, frequent episodic TTH - 64 (34,0%) patients, chronic TTH - 56 (29,8%) patients. The age of the subjects was 18-45 years, among them 85 (45.2%) men and 103 (54.8%) women. The maximum systolic velocity (Vs), the end diastolic velocity (Vd), the resistance and pulsativity indexes (RI, PI) in all vessels were determined.\u0000\u0000Patients were given consent to participate in the study.\u0000\u0000Results:\u0000Infrequent episodic (IFE) TTH were recorded in 86.4% of cases, frequent episodic (FE) — in 88.9%, and chronic (Ch) TTH — in 81.6% of cases. Bilateral TTH was noted in 39.2%, frontal localization - in 35.6%, in the occipital region - in 25–7% of cases. The asymmetry of the maximum systolic blood flow velocity (Vs) in the paired arteries within 20-30% was considered a violation of cerebral hemodynamics, which was detected in 38.7% of patients. An increase in Vs was noted in all cerebral vessels, especially in patients with FE TTH and chronic Ch TTH compared with the control group.\u0000\u0000In patients with IFE TTH the average value of RcFMt was 1.24±0.03, in patients with FE TTH - 1.25±0.02, in patients with Ch TTH - 1.27±0.03. In patients with TTH, hyper-responsiveness to hypercapnic test was detected: RcCO2 was 1.43±0.05 in the group with FE TTH; 1.39±0.07 in the group of Ch TTH and 1.37±0.04 in the group of IFE TTH, which indicates a tendency for the tension of the vasodilator regulation mechanism even in clinically insignificant forms of TTH. In the study of reactivity to the O2-test, a hyporeactive response was observed in the groups with FE TTH and Ch TTH (0.38±0.04 and 0.35±0.05, respectively.\u0000\u0000The treatment with Phenibut carried out in a step-by-step manner - during the first week the drug was applied at a dose of 250 mg 2 times a day, over the next 6 weeks the dose increased to 500 mg 2 times a day, then the dose was reduced back to 250 mg 2 times a day. Among patients with FE TTH, the frequency of headache decreased from 5.7±2.3 to 3.6±2.1 days/month, and in patients with Ch TTH - from 22.8±","PeriodicalId":91754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurological research and therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43828208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Epilepsy: Knowledge and Attitudes of Primary School Teachers in the City of Bouake/Ivory Coast","authors":"Ayé François Akani, H. A. Karidioula, K. E. Bony, A. Gnazegbo, Kouamé-Assouan A-E, Tanoh Ac, D. Ll, Assata Sylla, Y. T. Koffi","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-18-2032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-18-2032","url":null,"abstract":"We report the results of a two-month descriptive observational survey to assess the knowledge about epilepsy among primary school teachers in Bouake in Ivory Coast. This study included 310 teachers who were randomly chosen from three Primary School Inspections (PSI). Almost all the teachers who were included had shown inaccurate information about epilepsy. 46.45% of the respondents thought that epilepsy was contagious and 47.74% recommanded to avoid contacting with salivary secretions of the patient during seizure. For 16.45% of them, persons living with epilepsy (PWE) could be not married and 19.7% believed that PWE could not have children due to the risk of transmission. This study highlights the urgent need of awareness campaigns among primary school teachers.","PeriodicalId":91754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurological research and therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44421761","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Short-Term Outcomes of Deep Brain Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease - Pilot Study","authors":"E. Huzmeli, Atilla Yılmaz, Bircan Yucekaya, D. Oskay, E. Okuyucu","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-18-2185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-18-2185","url":null,"abstract":"Background: \u0000Deep brain stimulation (DBS) of the subthalamic nucleus (STN) provides efficient treatment for the alleviation of motor signs in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD), but more studies about gait and functionality are needed. We aimed to understand whether short-term DBS treatment will can relieve the symptoms of PD patients, specifically we examined its effect on motor-cognitive-complication parameters, fine motor skills and daily living activity (DLA) of these patients.\u0000\u0000Method: \u0000Ten patients from Mustafa Kemal University Neurosurgery Department were recruited. The assessments were made twice, first time preoperatively, which was within one week prior to the surgery, second time postoperatively, which was 55-65 days post treatment. The motor scores, DLA scores, mental scores and complication scores were measured with Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), fine motor skills measured with The nine-hole peg test (9-HPT), balance measured with Berg Balance Scale (BBS) and falling risk measured with Timed Up and Go Test (TUG).\u0000\u0000Results: \u000010 patients (5 female, 5 male) aged between 40-60 (mean=49.44±6.69 years) were included in the study. Duration of the disease’s mean was 5.60 years. We found significant difference between pre-op and post-op results in UPDRS DLA, UPDRS motor, UPDRS complication, UPDRS total score and TUG tests (Table 2).\u0000\u0000There was no significant difference between preop-postop assessment in UPDRS mental, BBS and 9-HPT results (p>0.05).\u0000\u0000Discussion: \u0000Balance, walk and fine motor impairment occurs almost always in Parkinson’s disease and resulting in difficulties with daily living activities. We found that DBS has positive effect on PD complications, balance and walking abilities. PD patients that have falling risk and multiple motor symptoms may have benefit from DBS.","PeriodicalId":91754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurological research and therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48674247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assistive Technology and Cognitive-Behavioral Programs for Promoting Adaptive Skills of Persons with Alzheimer Disease: A Selective Review","authors":"Viviana Perilli, F. Stasolla, Stefania Maselli, I. Morelli","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-18-2321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-18-2321","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Person with Alzheimer Disease may present cognitive, social, communication, physical, and orientation impairments. Furthermore, individuals with Alzheimer Disease may exhibit challenging behavior, isolation, and passivity. Objectives: To emphasize the role of Assistive Technology-based interventions and Cognitive-Behavioral Programs to improve the independence, and the quality of life of patients with Alzheimer Disease. To assess the effects on teaching adaptive responding, and decreasing challenging behaviors. Method: A selective literature review was carried out considering Alzheimer, Assistive Technology, Cognitive-Behavioral Programs, Adaptive Responding, Challenging Behaviors, and Quality of life as keywords. Twenty-six studies were reviewed. Results: Empirical data demonstrated the effectiveness, and the suitability of the selected interventions, although few failures occurred. The participants involved significantly increased their adaptive responding during the intervention phases, and maintained their performance over the time. Conclusion: Assistive Technology-based rehabilitative programs and Cognitive-Behavioral Interventions may be helpful for promoting the independence and the quality of life of individuals with Alzheimer Disease.","PeriodicalId":91754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurological research and therapy","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43860281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Retrograde Amnesia and Disorientation after Intraocular Injection of Anti-VEGF Agents","authors":"P. Meyer, M. Ungerer, J. Schröder","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-18-2258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-18-2258","url":null,"abstract":"We present a case of a 77-year-old male patient who was treated in our outpatient clinic for memory disorders because of episodic confusion and retrograde amnesia. The patient reported having symptoms repeatedly following intraocular treatment with Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents (Ranibizumab and Bevacizumab) as a treatment for wet macular degeneration. EEG showed a localized deceleration that intensified under prolonged voluntary hyperventilation. Symptoms resolved after the intraocular Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor treatment was stopped and anticonvulsive treatment with lamotrigine was begun. This case is important in that it describes a potential association between intraocular treatments with Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents and seizures. Symptoms occurred in temporal correlation with intraocular treatment. Clinicians should be aware of this potential side effect on intraocular treatment with Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Agents in patients with high risk for seizures.","PeriodicalId":91754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurological research and therapy","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49237902","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Every Man his own Electric Physician: T. Gale and the History of Do-It-Yourself Neurology.","authors":"Erika L. Janik, Matthew Jensen","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-15-910","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-15-910","url":null,"abstract":"We review the promotion of electrical treatments by laypeople for neurological and other conditions in a largely rural period of United States history.","PeriodicalId":91754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurological research and therapy","volume":"1 2 1","pages":"17-22"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-03-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67004950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Early Use of Blinding in Therapeutic Clinical Research of Neurological Disorders.","authors":"Matthew Jensen, Erika L. Janik, A. Waclawik","doi":"10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-15-803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.14302/ISSN.2470-5020.JNRT-15-803","url":null,"abstract":"We sought to identify early uses of blinding in therapeutic clinical trials of neurological disorders by multiple search methods. A 1784 report by Benjamin Franklin and others described the evaluation of the use of Mesmerism to treat neurological and other syndromes including headache and epilepsy, using blindfolds and screens. This report demonstrated the usefulness of blinding to reduce bias in clinical research, yet despite this early discovery, blinding was not widely accepted or routinely used until the 20th century. Blinded clinical trials began to be used for various neurological syndromes in the 1950s, sporadically at first and then increasing in frequency in subsequent years. The reason for this delay is unclear, but we propose several hypotheses.","PeriodicalId":91754,"journal":{"name":"Journal of neurological research and therapy","volume":"1 2 1","pages":"4-16"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2016-01-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"67004940","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}